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Could quasar lensing time delays hint to a core component in halos, instead of H0 tension?
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Submitted 20 Jan 2020
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim We propose that a core component coexisting with a cusp could bring the lensing measurements of H0 to accord with the CMB/LSS value.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The time delay measured between the images of gravitationally lensed quasars probes a combination of the angular diameter distance to the source-lens system and the mass density profile of the lens. Observational campaigns to measure such systems have reported a determination of the Hubble parameter H0 that shows significant tension with independent determination based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large scale structure (LSS). We show that lens mass models that exhibit a cored component, coexisting with a cusp, probe a degenerate direction in the lens model parameter space, being an approximate mass sheet transformation. This family of lens models has not been considered by the cosmographic analyses. Once added to the model, the cosmographic error budget should become dependent on stellar kinematics uncertainties. We propose that a core component coexisting with a cusp could bring the lensing measurements of H0 to accord with the CMB/LSS value.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The time delay measured between the images of gravitationally lensed quasars probes a combination of the angular diameter distance to the source-lens system and the mass density profile of the lens. | background 1.00 | 0.06 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | Observational campaigns to measure such systems have reported a determination of the Hubble parameter H0 that shows significant tension with independent determination based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large scale structure (LSS). | background 1.00 | 0.08 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | We show that lens mass models that exhibit a cored component, coexisting with a cusp, probe a degenerate direction in the lens model parameter space, being an approximate mass sheet transformation. | result 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.14 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | This family of lens models has not been considered by the cosmographic analyses. | gap 1.00 | 0.15 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | Once added to the model, the cosmographic error budget should become dependent on stellar kinematics uncertainties. | interpretation 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.05 | asserted 0.59 |
| s5 | We propose that a core component coexisting with a cusp could bring the lensing measurements of H0 to accord with the CMB/LSS value. | interpretation 0.91 | 0.32 | 0.90 | hedged possibility 0.92 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The time delay measured between the images of gravitationally lensed quasars probes a combination of the angular diameter distance to the source-lens system and the mass density profile of the lens. Observational campaigns to measure such systems have reported a determination of the Hubble parameter H0 that shows significant tension with independent determination based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large scale structure (LSS). We show that lens mass models that exhibit a cored component, coexisting with a cusp, probe a degenerate direction in the lens model parameter space, being an approximate mass sheet transformation. This family of lens models has not been considered by the cosmographic analyses. Once added to the model, the cosmographic error budget should become dependent on stellar kinematics uncertainties. We propose that a core component coexisting with a cusp could bring the lensing measurements of H0 to accord with the CMB/LSS value.
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References
How later papers used it
46 later papers cite it
2 later papers by other authors are listed below: 1 built on it and 1 used its method or tool.
Builds on it 1 paper
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Extended the study of this paper.
TDCOSMO IV: Hierarchical time-delay cosmography -- joint inference of the Hubble constant and galaxy density profiles (2020) · 1.00 · paraphrased: the licence does not allow quoting
Uses its method or tool 1 of 3 papers with this label
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Therefore, to ensure that the transformed mass profile goes to zero at a large radius, that is, to have $lim_θ→∞κ^'(θ) = 0$, we use an `approximate' MST [equation] given by [ref] .
Project Dinos I: A joint lensing-dynamics constraint on the deviation from the power law in the mass profile of massive ellipticals (2023) · Impact of the internal MST on the logarithmic slope · 0.96
How the literature uses it
28 arXiv papers cite this in 42 sentences
Papers citing it · 32 sentences without a confident label
Uses its method or tool 2 papers
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This can be achieved with the formulation [ref]
TDCOSMO. XII. Improved Hubble constant measurement from lensing time delays using spatially resolved stellar kinematics of the lens galaxy · Internal and external MST · 0.85
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Therefore, to ensure that the transformed mass profile goes to zero at a large radius, that is, to have $lim_θ→∞κ^'(θ) = 0$, we use an `approximate' MST [equation] given by [ref] .
Project Dinos I: A joint lensing-dynamics constraint on the deviation from the power law in the mass profile of massive ellipticals · Impact of the internal MST on the logarithmic slope · 0.96
Uses its data or values 2 papers
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In particular, the H0LiCOW collaboration has constrained $H_0$ by measuring time delays in strongly lensed quasar systems, obtaining $H_0= 73.3^+1.7 _-1.8 km/s /Mpc$ [ref] , although recently concerns have been raised regarding the sensitivity to details of the lens modeling [ref] .
Early Dark Energy Does Not Restore Cosmological Concordance · Introduction · 0.87
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Alternatively, local measurements can be performed without relying on any distance ladder indicator through very-long-baseline interferometry observations of water megamasers $H_0=73.9±3.0$ [ref] , using strongly-lensed quasar systems $H_0=73.3^+1.7_-1.8$ [ref] [Recently, the modeling error in time delay cosmography under the assumptions on the form of the mass density profile has been questioned [ref] . ]
Exploring Early Dark Energy solution to the Hubble tension with Planck and SPTPol data · Introduction · 0.96
Cites it as support 2 papers
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Additional cause for alarm has recently been shown by [ref] and [ref] , who demonstrated, using different means, that lens models with oversimplified or wrong assumptions can lead to high precision, but inaccurate determinations of $H_0$.
Galaxy-lens determination of $H_0$: constraining density slope in the context of the mass sheet degeneracy · Effect of lensing degeneracies · 0.99
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Both [ref] suggest that “stellar velocity data do resolve the MSD”, and H0LiCOW itself makes an intensive and fully-comprehensive use of multiple (dedicated) data and theoretical mass models which alleviate this issue.
High accuracy on $H_0$ constraints from gravitational wave lensing events · Conclusions · 0.97
Cites it as background 4 papers
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The Hubble tension might be the result of unaccounted systematics[See, e.g. Ref. [ref] in the context of the Cepheid-calibrated supernovae and Refs. [ref] for discussions regarding the strong lensing time delays. ] or a manifestation of new exotic physics (see Ref. [ref] for a review).
H0 tension or T0 tension? · Introduction and Summary · 0.82
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[ref] and references therein) and for distance ladders [ref] .
Review of Hubble tension solutions with new SH0ES and SPT-3G data · Introduction · 0.95
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The strong lensing approach is a one-step technique, which unlike the distance ladder approach requires no external calibration, although the absence of a ladder is traded for the dependence on assumptions concerning the lens and line-of-sight mass distribution [ref] .
Seven hints that early-time new physics alone is not sufficient to solve the Hubble tension · Descending trends in low-redshift data · 0.92
What it cites · 10 sentences without a confident label
Uses data or values from 1 paper
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The H0LiCOW collaboration ( [ref] ) used the time delays between multiple images of strongly lensed galaxies hosting a quasar to obtain $H_0=73.3^+1.7_-1.8$ km/s/Mpc [ref] , achieving 2.5% precision with a central value in agreement with SH0ES.
H0LiCOW XIII. A 2.4% measurement of $H_{0}$ from lensed quasars: $5.3\sigma$ tension between early and late-Universe probes · Introduction and main result · 0.93
Cites as background 2 papers
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It is well known that lensing analyses are subject to systematic uncertainty associated with the choice of the family of models used to reconstruct the lens potential ( [ref] ).
Galaxy-lens determination of $H_0$: constraining density slope in the context of the mass sheet degeneracy · Introduction and main result · 0.87
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It is well known that lensing analyses are subject to systematic uncertainty associated with the choice of the family of models used to reconstruct the lens potential ( [ref] ).
Over-constrained Gravitational Lens Models and the Hubble Constant · Introduction and main result · 0.87
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