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From Hagedorn to Lee-Yang: Partition functions of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory at finite $N$

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arxiv 2005.06480 v2 pith:DYZ2IF3H submitted 2020-05-13 hep-th

classification hep-th
keywords partitiontheorycomplexbehaviorcontainingexactfiniteformula
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We study the thermodynamics of the maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with gauge group U(N) on R x S^3, dual to type IIB superstring theory on AdS_5 x S^5. While both theories are well-known to exhibit Hagedorn behavior at infinite N, we find evidence that this is replaced by Lee-Yang behavior at large but finite N: the zeros of the partition function condense into two arcs in the complex temperature plane that pinch the real axis at the temperature of the confinement-deconfinement transition. Concretely, we demonstrate this for the free theory via exact calculations of the (unrefined and refined) partition functions at N<=7 for the su(2) sector containing two complex scalars, as well as at N<=5 for the su(2|3) sector containing 3 complex scalars and 2 fermions. In order to obtain these explicit results, we use a Molien-Weyl formula for arbitrary field content, utilizing the equivalence of the partition function with what is known to mathematicians as the Poincare series of trace algebras of generic matrices. Via this Molien-Weyl formula, we also generate exact results for larger sectors.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Interior zeros of supersymmetric indices

    hep-th 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    Interior zeros of a supersymmetric index exist iff its arithmetic coefficients δ(ν) grow exponentially at rate set by the nearest zero, detectable from finitely many q-series terms.

  2. Critical dimensions and small cycle dominance from all-orders asymptotics of $d$-matrix theory

    hep-th 2026-03 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The weighted partition numbers of d-matrix theory admit an all-orders asymptotic expansion that switches from divergent to convergent at d=13 (bosonic) or 7 (fermionic).

  3. Negative heat capacities in spherically symmetric sectors of $d$-matrix quantum mechanics

    hep-th 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    SO(d) and O(d) invariant sectors of d-matrix QM show negative microcanonical heat capacity that becomes positive at k_crit ~ N^2/4, forming a caloric fold similar to AdS black holes.

  4. Bosonic Fortuity in Vector Models

    hep-th 2025-04 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    For U(N) vector models, primary invariants number f^2 for f≤N and N^2+2N(f−N) for f>N, with secondary invariants appearing and growing as e^{2N log 2 f}.

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