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Long-lived Sterile Neutrinos at the LHC in Effective Field Theory
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abstract
We study the prospects of a displaced-vertex search of sterile neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the framework of the neutrino-extended Standard Model Effective Field Theory ($\nu$SMEFT). The production and decay of sterile neutrinos can proceed via the standard active-sterile neutrino mixing in the weak current, as well as through higher-dimensional operators arising from decoupled new physics. If sterile neutrinos are long-lived, their decay can lead to displaced vertices which can be reconstructed. We investigate the search sensitivities for the ATLAS/CMS detector, the future far-detector experiments: AL3X, ANUBIS, CODEX-b, FASER, MATHUSLA, and MoEDAL-MAPP, and at the proposed fixed-target experiment SHiP. We study scenarios where sterile neutrinos are predominantly produced via rare charm and bottom mesons decays through minimal mixing and/or dimension-six operators in the $\nu$SMEFT Lagrangian. We perform simulations to determine the potential reach of high-luminosity LHC experiments in probing the EFT operators, finding that these experiments are very competitive with other searches.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Heavy neutral leptons and top quarks in effective field theory
Long-lived heavy neutral leptons produced via top-quark effective operators could be probed at the HL-LHC up to new-physics scales around 12 TeV at ATLAS and 4.5 TeV at MATHUSLA or ANUBIS.
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Simulations of the Sterile Neutrino Oscillations with a Crossing-Width Term
A two-step diagonalization plus a dummy-particle trick lets standard event generators simulate GeV-scale sterile neutrino oscillations with crossing-width terms, and a QFT derivation gives displaced-vertex distances.
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Long-lived sterile neutrinos from axionlike particles at the Super Tau-Charm Facility
STCF can reach |V_eN|^2 values one to two orders of magnitude below current bounds for heavy neutral leptons via displaced-vertex searches from ALP decays in D-meson production.
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Probing electroweak pair production of heavy neutral leptons with displaced vertices at the LHC
LHC displaced-vertex data can exclude sterile neutrinos with masses 20-230 GeV and mixings down to 4e-14 when they are produced in pairs from higgsino decays.
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