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Coloured Scalar Mediated Nucleon Decays to Invisible Fermion

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arxiv 2010.08367 v2 pith:RG33WTAH submitted 2020-10-16 hep-ph hep-ex

classification hep-phhep-ex
keywords fermioninvisibledecaysdecaymasscaseneutroncoloured
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We investigate nucleon decays to light invisible fermion mediated by the coloured scalar $\bar S_1= (\bar 3, 1, -2/3)$ and compare them with the results coming from the mediation of $S_1 = (\bar 3,1,1/3)$. In the case of $\bar S_1= (\bar 3, 1, -2/3)$ up-like quarks couple to the invisible fermion, while in the case of $S_1 = (\bar 3,1,1/3)$ the down-like quarks couple to the invisible fermion. For the mass of invisible fermion smaller than the mass $m_p - m_K$, proton (neutron) can decay to $K$ and invisible fermion and the masses of $\bar S_1$ and $S_1$ are in the region $\sim 10^{15}$ GeV. The decays of nucleons to pions and invisible fermion can occur at the tree-level, but in the case of $\bar S_1$ they come from dimension-9 operator and are therefore suppressed by several orders of magnitude compared to the decays into kaons. For the invisible fermion mass in the range $(937.8 \, {\rm MeV},\, 938.8 \, {\rm MeV})$, decay of neutron $n \to\chi \gamma$ induced by $\bar S_1$ is possible at the loop level, while the proton remains stable. The branching ratio of such decay is $\le 10^{-6}$, which does not explain neutron decay anomaly, but is in agreement with the Borexino experiment bound. We comment on low-energy processes with the nucleon-like mass of $\chi$ in the final state as $\Lambda \to \chi \gamma$ and heavy hadron decays to invisibles.

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  1. Nucleon Decays into Light New Particles in Neutrino Detectors

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Nucleon decays into light new particles can hide from water-Cherenkov detectors when the charged partner is slow, while Earth-born fluxes of the decay products could be visible in existing underground detectors.

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