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Forward Modeling Helioseismic Signatures of One- and Two-cell Meridional Circulation
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Submitted 4 Jan 2021
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Using deep-focusing to analyze differences in travel-time signatures between the four regimes, as well as comparing to solar observations, we show that current helioseismology techniques may offer important insights about the location and strength of the return flow, however, that it may not currently be possible to definitively distinguish between profiles of single-cell or double-cell meridional circulation.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
Using a 3D global solver of the linearized Euler equations, we model acoustic oscillations over background velocity flow fields of single-cell meridional circulation with deep and shallow return flows as well as double-cell meridional circulation with strong and weak reversals. The velocities are generated using a mean-field hydrodynamic and dynamo model -- moving through the regimes with minimal parameter changes; counter-rotation near the base of the tachocline is induced by sign inversion of the non-diffusive action of turbulent Reynolds stresses ($\Lambda$-effect) due to the radial inhomogeneity of the Coriolis number. By mimicking the stochastic excitation of resonant modes in the convective interior, we simulate realization noise present in solar observations. Using deep-focusing to analyze differences in travel-time signatures between the four regimes, as well as comparing to solar observations, we show that current helioseismology techniques may offer important insights about the location and strength of the return flow, however, that it may not currently be possible to definitively distinguish between profiles of single-cell or double-cell meridional circulation.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Using a 3D global solver of the linearized Euler equations, we model acoustic oscillations over background velocity flow fields of single-cell meridional circulation with deep and shallow return flows as well as double-cell meridional circulation with strong and weak reversals. | method 0.73 | 0.95 | 0.03 | asserted 0.96 |
| s1 | The velocities are generated using a mean-field hydrodynamic and dynamo model -- moving through the regimes with minimal parameter changes; counter-rotation near the base of the tachocline is induced by sign inversion of the non-diffusive action of turbulent Reynolds stresses ($\Lambda$-effect) due to the radial inhomogeneity of the Coriolis number. | method 0.99 | 0.63 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | By mimicking the stochastic excitation of resonant modes in the convective interior, we simulate realization noise present in solar observations. | method 0.99 | 0.93 | 0.02 | asserted 0.99 |
| s3 | Using deep-focusing to analyze differences in travel-time signatures between the four regimes, as well as comparing to solar observations, we show that current helioseismology techniques may offer important insights about the location and strength of the return flow, however, that it may not currently be possible to definitively distinguish between profiles of single-cell or double-cell meridional circulation. | result 0.72 | 0.94 | 0.94 | hedged possibility 0.77 |
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Original abstract
Using a 3D global solver of the linearized Euler equations, we model acoustic oscillations over background velocity flow fields of single-cell meridional circulation with deep and shallow return flows as well as double-cell meridional circulation with strong and weak reversals. The velocities are generated using a mean-field hydrodynamic and dynamo model -- moving through the regimes with minimal parameter changes; counter-rotation near the base of the tachocline is induced by sign inversion of the non-diffusive action of turbulent Reynolds stresses ($\Lambda$-effect) due to the radial inhomogeneity of the Coriolis number. By mimicking the stochastic excitation of resonant modes in the convective interior, we simulate realization noise present in solar observations. Using deep-focusing to analyze differences in travel-time signatures between the four regimes, as well as comparing to solar observations, we show that current helioseismology techniques may offer important insights about the location and strength of the return flow, however, that it may not currently be possible to definitively distinguish between profiles of single-cell or double-cell meridional circulation.
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2 arXiv papers cite this in 2 sentences
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The parameters of meridional circulation are debatable (see, e.g, the recent discussion in [ref] and [ref] and references therein).
Solar large-scale magnetic field and cycle patterns in solar dynamo · Introduction · 0.83
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