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Simulations of Torus Reverberation Mapping Experiments with SPHEREx
Astrophysics of Galaxies · Submitted 9 Jul 2021
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim When complemented by well-designed early optical observations, SPHEREx can provide a unique dataset for studies of the physical properties of dusty tori in bright AGNs.
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Reverberation mapping (RM) is an efficient method to investigate the physical sizes of the broad line region (BLR) and dusty torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) mission will provide multi-epoch spectroscopic data at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. These data can be used for RM experiments for bright AGNs. We present results of a feasibility test using SPHEREx data in the SPHEREx deep regions for the torus RM measurements. We investigate the physical properties of bright AGNs in the SPHEREx deep field. Based on this information, we compute the efficiency of detecting torus time lags in simulated light curves. We demonstrate that, in combination with the complementary optical data with a depth of $\sim20$ mag in $B-$band, lags of $\le 750$ days for tori can be measured for more than $\sim200$ bright AGNs. If high signal-to-noise ratio photometric data with a depth of $\sim21-22$ mag are available, RM measurements can be applied for up to $\sim$900 objects. When complemented by well-designed early optical observations, SPHEREx can provide a unique dataset for studies of the physical properties of dusty tori in bright AGNs.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Reverberation mapping (RM) is an efficient method to investigate the physical sizes of the broad line region (BLR) and dusty torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN). | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | The Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) mission will provide multi-epoch spectroscopic data at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. | background 0.70 | 0.07 | 0.02 | asserted 0.97 |
| s2 | These data can be used for RM experiments for bright AGNs. | background 0.63 | 0.07 | 0.04 | hedged possibility 0.80 |
| s3 | We present results of a feasibility test using SPHEREx data in the SPHEREx deep regions for the torus RM measurements. | contribution 0.96 | 0.93 | 0.06 | asserted 0.99 |
| s4 | We investigate the physical properties of bright AGNs in the SPHEREx deep field. | contribution 0.97 | 0.75 | 0.04 | asserted 0.93 |
| s5 | Based on this information, we compute the efficiency of detecting torus time lags in simulated light curves. | method 0.81 | 0.91 | 0.05 | asserted 0.96 |
| s6 | We demonstrate that, in combination with the complementary optical data with a depth of $\sim20$ mag in $B-$band, lags of $\le 750$ days for tori can be measured for more than $\sim200$ bright AGNs. | result 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.58 | asserted 1.00 |
| s7 | If high signal-to-noise ratio photometric data with a depth of $\sim21-22$ mag are available, RM measurements can be applied for up to $\sim$900 objects. | result 0.94 | 0.71 | 0.18 | hedged possibility 0.91 |
| s8 | When complemented by well-designed early optical observations, SPHEREx can provide a unique dataset for studies of the physical properties of dusty tori in bright AGNs. | interpretation 0.98 | 0.22 | 0.40 | hedged possibility 0.68 |
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Original abstract
Reverberation mapping (RM) is an efficient method to investigate the physical sizes of the broad line region (BLR) and dusty torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) mission will provide multi-epoch spectroscopic data at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. These data can be used for RM experiments for bright AGNs. We present results of a feasibility test using SPHEREx data in the SPHEREx deep regions for the torus RM measurements. We investigate the physical properties of bright AGNs in the SPHEREx deep field. Based on this information, we compute the efficiency of detecting torus time lags in simulated light curves. We demonstrate that, in combination with the complementary optical data with a depth of $\sim20$ mag in $B-$band, lags of $\le 750$ days for tori can be measured for more than $\sim200$ bright AGNs. If high signal-to-noise ratio photometric data with a depth of $\sim21-22$ mag are available, RM measurements can be applied for up to $\sim$900 objects. When complemented by well-designed early optical observations, SPHEREx can provide a unique dataset for studies of the physical properties of dusty tori in bright AGNs.
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We use the Million Quasars (MILLIQUAS) Catalog, Version 6.5 ( [ref] ) to search for potential targets for the RM studies.
The Million Quasars (Milliquas) Catalogue, v6.4 · Sample Characteristics · 0.97
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