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Explaining the characteristics of lateral shower age of cosmic ray extensive air showers
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Submitted 9 Nov 2021
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim The $s$ parameter of a $p$ shower and its correlations with the shower ages of electron- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers supports the idea that the result of superposition of several EM sub-showers initiated by $\pi^{0}$s with varied energies at a very early stage might produce the LDD of electrons of a $p$ shower.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
A simple analytical argument is proposed for a possible explanation of the characteristics of the lateral shower age ($s$) of proton ($p$)/nuclei-initiated showers. The analytical argument states that lateral density distribution (LDD) of electrons of a $p$-initiated shower is due to superposition of several electromagnetic (EM) sub-showers developed at a very early stage in the atmosphere from the decay of neutral pions ($\pi^{0}$s). Thanks to the superposition property of the electron LDD in a $p$ shower, a plausible analytical parametrization has been worked out by giving well represented analytic function for the electron LDDs of $p$- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers. Based on cosmic ray extensive air shower simulations, we have validated how the various characteristics of $s$ can be understood in the context of the present analytical argument. The $s$ parameter of a $p$ shower and its correlations with the shower ages of electron- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers supports the idea that the result of superposition of several EM sub-showers initiated by $\pi^{0}$s with varied energies at a very early stage might produce the LDD of electrons of a $p$ shower. It is also noticed with the simulated data that the stated feature still persists concerning the notion of the local shower age parameter.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | A simple analytical argument is proposed for a possible explanation of the characteristics of the lateral shower age ($s$) of proton ($p$)/nuclei-initiated showers. | contribution 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.11 | hedged possibility 0.97 |
| s1 | The analytical argument states that lateral density distribution (LDD) of electrons of a $p$-initiated shower is due to superposition of several electromagnetic (EM) sub-showers developed at a very early stage in the atmosphere from the decay of neutral pions ($\pi^{0}$s). | contribution 0.65 | 0.63 | 0.36 | asserted 0.98 |
| s2 | Thanks to the superposition property of the electron LDD in a $p$ shower, a plausible analytical parametrization has been worked out by giving well represented analytic function for the electron LDDs of $p$- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers. | contribution 0.74 | 0.91 | 0.14 | asserted 0.81 |
| s3 | Based on cosmic ray extensive air shower simulations, we have validated how the various characteristics of $s$ can be understood in the context of the present analytical argument. | method 0.60 | 0.93 | 0.15 | asserted 0.99 |
| s4 | The $s$ parameter of a $p$ shower and its correlations with the shower ages of electron- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers supports the idea that the result of superposition of several EM sub-showers initiated by $\pi^{0}$s with varied energies at a very early stage might produce the LDD of electrons of a $p$ shower. | interpretation 0.80 | 0.77 | 0.69 | hedged possibility 0.62 |
| s5 | It is also noticed with the simulated data that the stated feature still persists concerning the notion of the local shower age parameter. | result 0.96 | 0.84 | 0.07 | asserted 0.97 |
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Original abstract
A simple analytical argument is proposed for a possible explanation of the characteristics of the lateral shower age ($s$) of proton ($p$)/nuclei-initiated showers. The analytical argument states that lateral density distribution (LDD) of electrons of a $p$-initiated shower is due to superposition of several electromagnetic (EM) sub-showers developed at a very early stage in the atmosphere from the decay of neutral pions ($\pi^{0}$s). Thanks to the superposition property of the electron LDD in a $p$ shower, a plausible analytical parametrization has been worked out by giving well represented analytic function for the electron LDDs of $p$- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers. Based on cosmic ray extensive air shower simulations, we have validated how the various characteristics of $s$ can be understood in the context of the present analytical argument. The $s$ parameter of a $p$ shower and its correlations with the shower ages of electron- and $\pi^{0}$-initiated showers supports the idea that the result of superposition of several EM sub-showers initiated by $\pi^{0}$s with varied energies at a very early stage might produce the LDD of electrons of a $p$ shower. It is also noticed with the simulated data that the stated feature still persists concerning the notion of the local shower age parameter.
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Papers whose main result relates to this one's
States the same result 1 paper
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The lateral shower age of a proton-initiated shower and its correlations with the lateral shower ages of electron- and neutral pion-initiated showers supports the idea that the result of superposition of several electromagnetic sub-showers initiated by neutral pions might produce the lateral density distribution of electrons of a proton initiated shower.
Behaviour of the lateral shower age of cosmic ray extensive air showers · 1.00
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