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GJ 367b: A dense ultra-short period sub-Earth planet transiting a nearby red dwarf star

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arxiv 2112.01309 v1 pith:3E5PCKPG submitted 2021-12-02 astro-ph.EP

Kristine W. F. Lam , Szilárd Csizmadia , Nicola Astudillo-Defru , Xavier Bonfils , Davide Gandolfi , Sebastiano Padovan , Massimiliano Esposito , Coel Hellier
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Teruyuki Hirano John Livingston Felipe Murgas Alexis M. S. Smith Karen A. Collins Savita Mathur Rafael A. Garcia Steve B. Howell Nuno C. Santos Fei Dai George R. Ricker Roland Vanderspek David W. Latham Sara Seager Joshua N. Winn Jon M. Jenkins Simon Albrecht Jose M. Almenara Etienne Artigau Oscar Barragán François Bouchy Juan Cabrera David Charbonneau Priyanka Chaturvedi Alexander Chaushev Jessie L. Christiansen William D. Cochran José R. De Meideiros Xavier Delfosse Rodrigo F. Díaz René Doyon Philipp Eigmüller Pedro Figueira Thierry Forveille Malcolm Fridlund Guillaume Gaisné Elisa Goffo Iskra Georgieva Sascha Grziwa Eike Guenther Artie P. Hatzes Marshall C. Johnson Petr Kabáth Emil Knudstrup Judith Korth Pablo Lewin Jack J. Lissauer Christophe Lovis Rafael Luque Claudio Melo Edward H. Morgan Robert Morris Michel Mayor Norio Narita Hannah L. M. Osborne Enric Palle Francesco Pepe Carina M. Persson Samuel N. Quinn Heike Rauer Seth Redfield Joshua E. Schlieder Damien Ségransan Luisa M. Serrano Jeffrey C. Smith Ján Šubjak Joseph D. Twicken Stéphane Udry Vincent Van Eylen Michael Vezie
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classification astro-ph.EP
keywords planetdwarfinteriorironnearbyradiusstarsub-earth
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abstract

Ultra-short-period (USP) exoplanets have orbital periods shorter than one day. Precise masses and radii of USPs could provide constraints on their unknown formation and evolution processes. We report the detection and characterization of the USP planet GJ 367b using high precision photometry and radial velocity observations. GJ 367b orbits a bright (V-band magnitude = 10.2), nearby, red (M-type) dwarf star every 7.7 hours. GJ 367b has a radius of $0.718 \pm 0.054$ Earth-radii, a mass of $0.546 \pm 0.078$ Earth-masses, making it a sub-Earth. The corresponding bulk density is $8.106 \pm 2.165$ g cm$^-3$, close to that of iron. An interior structure model predicts the planet has an iron core radius fraction of $86 \pm 5\%$, similar to Mercury's interior.

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  1. Characterizing the oxidation state of rocky exoplanets with the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE)

    astro-ph.EP 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    LIFE baseline mid-IR observations of Earth-sized planets at 10 pc can retrieve CO2, CH4, and NH3 well enough to distinguish mantle redox states from IW-6 to IW+6 under the paper's modeling assumptions.

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