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Black Holes with Multiple Photon Spheres

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arxiv 2212.12901 v3 pith:JKB6XUS5 submitted 2022-12-25 gr-qc

Guangzhou Guo , Yuhang Lu , Peng Wang , Houwen Wu , Haitang Yang This is my paper · ORCID
classification gr-qc
keywords blackphotonspheresholesmultipleconditionsenergyhole
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Recently, asymptotically-flat black holes with multiple photon spheres have been discovered and found to produce distinctive observational signatures. In this paper, we focus on whether these black hole solutions are physically viable, e.g., satisfying energy conditions of interest. Intriguingly, black hole and naked singularity solutions with two photon spheres and one anti-photon sphere are shown to exist in physically reasonable models, which satisfy the null, weak, dominant and strong energy conditions. Our findings reveal that black holes with multiple photon spheres may not be frequent, but they are not exotic.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Bounds on the radius of outermost photon sphere and black hole shadow in $n$-dimensional Einstein gravity

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Proves model-independent lower bound r_sh ≥ ((n-1)/2)^{1/(n-3)} sqrt((n-1)/(n-3)) r_H under WEC and upper bound r_sh ≤ sqrt((n-1)/(n-3)) [(n-1)M]^{1/(n-3)} under WEC+SEC+decay for nD black holes.

  2. Rotating Black Holes in Einstein-Born-Infeld Theory

    gr-qc 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Exact rotating charged Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes are constructed numerically; they show charge-dependent extremal or naked-singularity endpoints, gyromagnetic ratio above 2, and ISCO radii below Kerr-Newman values.

  3. Static spheres in black hole spacetimes: pairing, energy conditions, and an upper bound on the innermost radius

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Static spheres around black holes come in unstable/stable pairs, need negative radial pressure, and their innermost radius obeys a new upper bound tied to strong-energy-condition violation.

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