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Simulating $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory on a quantum computer

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arxiv 2305.02361 v2 pith:XUWOXL7Q submitted 2023-05-03 hep-lat quant-ph

classification hep-latquant-ph
keywords quantumerrorgaugemitigationtheorycorrelationlatticemathbb
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

The utility of quantum computers for simulating lattice gauge theories is currently limited by the noisiness of the physical hardware. Various quantum error mitigation strategies exist to reduce the statistical and systematic uncertainties in quantum simulations via improved algorithms and analysis strategies. We perform quantum simulations of $1+1d$ $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory with matter to study the efficacy and interplay of different error mitigation methods: readout error mitigation, randomized compiling, rescaling, and dynamical decoupling. We compute Minkowski correlation functions in this confining gauge theory and extract the mass of the lightest spin-1 state from fits to their time dependence. Quantum error mitigation extends the range of times over which our correlation function calculations are accurate by a factor of six and is therefore essential for obtaining reliable masses.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Quantum computation of hadron scattering in a lattice gauge theory

    quant-ph 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    On a trapped-ion quantum computer, the authors prepared multiple meson wave packets and simulated their early-time collisions in a 1+1D Z2 lattice gauge theory.

  2. Efficient Quantum Simulation of QCD Jets on the Light Front

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A direct second-quantized qubit encoding of the light-front QCD Hamiltonian is used to classically emulate in-medium jet evolution with up to three-particle Fock states.

  3. Quantum Utility in Simulating the Real-time Dynamics of the Fermi-Hubbard Model using Superconducting Quantum Computers

    quant-ph 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A 104-qubit IBM quantum computer simulates the 1D Fermi-Hubbard model's staggered-magnetization dynamics with constant-depth Trotter circuits, matching MPS-TDVP up to time 4 but not at later times.

  4. Quantum Utility-Scale Error Mitigation for Quantum Quench Dynamics in Heisenberg Spin Chains

    quant-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    On IBM quantum processors, self-mitigation corrects noisy Trotterized quench dynamics of Heisenberg spin chains (up to 104 qubits, over 3,000 CNOT gates) more accurately and stably than zero-noise extrapolation.

  5. Quantum Simulation of Large N Lattice Gauge Theories

    hep-lat 2024-11 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    At leading order in 1/N_c, SU(3) lattice Yang-Mills reduces to a PXP spin model with one qubit per plaquette, enabling simpler quantum simulation encodings.

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