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Force on a moving object in an ideal quantum gas
General Physics · Submitted 25 Jul 2023
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the $\sqrt{T}$-dependence and shows that the force scales with $T^2$ at low temperatures.
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The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. In an ideal classical gas at temperature $T$, the force acting on the object is proportional to $\sqrt{T}$. Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the $\sqrt{T}$-dependence and shows that the force scales with $T^2$ at low temperatures. At $T=0$, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. | background 0.51 | 0.37 | 0.03 | asserted 0.73 |
| s1 | Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. | result 0.70 | 0.54 | 0.16 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | In an ideal classical gas at temperature $T$, the force acting on the object is proportional to $\sqrt{T}$. | background 0.81 | 0.34 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the $\sqrt{T}$-dependence and shows that the force scales with $T^2$ at low temperatures. | result 1.00 | 0.77 | 0.54 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | At $T=0$, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas. | result 1.00 | 0.76 | 0.25 | asserted 1.00 |
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The paper
Original abstract
We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. In an ideal classical gas at temperature $T$, the force acting on the object is proportional to $\sqrt{T}$. Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the $\sqrt{T}$-dependence and shows that the force scales with $T^2$ at low temperatures. At $T=0$, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas.
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