Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 7 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2308.04709.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2308.04709 v1

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 7 of 7 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00

measured 7 of 7 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:52:33.662887Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-24T06:39:01.478484Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 16bb1f68-b99a-4865-9fcf-d0dd1d7db796 · inbound

LLMs-Healthcare : Current Applications and Challenges of Large Language Models in various Medical Specialties cites this paper.

LLMs-Healthcare : Current Applications and Challenges of Large Language Models in various Medical Specialties A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 34

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T06:39:01.481575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 6669846c-e31e-41ec-9485-594db54b0326 · inbound

Explainable CTR Prediction via LLM Reasoning cites this paper.

Explainable CTR Prediction via LLM Reasoning A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:23:44.856560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 44c32a26-2026-492e-8eb3-c1790bb5087a · inbound

OpenTCM: A GraphRAG-Empowered LLM-based System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge Retrieval and Diagnosis cites this paper.

OpenTCM: A GraphRAG-Empowered LLM-based System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge Retrieval and Diagnosis A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:52:33.662887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 12dc5b8f-4d47-4fb0-9f83-3aa9a304c02a · inbound

Leveraging Interview-Informed LLMs to Model Survey Responses: Comparative Insights from AI-Generated and Human Data cites this paper.

Leveraging Interview-Informed LLMs to Model Survey Responses: Comparative Insights from AI-Generated and Human Data A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 1317

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:22:14.774135Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dd3dfaee-6258-4133-8d56-977e3bc7a981 · inbound

NOVO: Unlearning-Compliant Vision Transformers cites this paper.

NOVO: Unlearning-Compliant Vision Transformers A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T20:23:43.857575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5069769-eefc-4104-8b4e-f9f1704bd8bc · inbound

GraphTrafficGPT: Enhancing Traffic Management Through Graph-Based AI Agent Coordination cites this paper.

GraphTrafficGPT: Enhancing Traffic Management Through Graph-Based AI Agent Coordination A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:26:36.921060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2e7bb518-1332-4a8b-9932-b8d85a7200b3 · inbound

From Image Captioning to Visual Storytelling cites this paper.

From Image Captioning to Visual Storytelling A Comparative Study of Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2: Multiple-Choice Test Taking in Nephrology

Reference 81

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T10:27:39.447385Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.