Quantum Radio Astronomy: Data Encodings and Quantum Image Processing

We explore applications of quantum computing for radio interferometry and astronomy using recent developments in quantum image processing. We evaluate the suitability of different quantum image representations using a toy quantum computing image reconstruction pipeline, and compare its performance to the classical computing counterpart. For identifying and locating bright radio sources, quantum computing can offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms, even when accounting for data encoding cost and repeated circuit evaluations. We also propose a novel variational quantum computing algorithm for self-calibration of interferometer visibilities, and discuss future developments and research that would be necessary to make quantum computing for radio astronomy a reality.