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Shower formation constraints on cubic Lorentz Invariance Violation parameters in quantum electrodynamics
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abstract
We present shower formation constraints on the Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) energy scale for photons with cubic dispersion relation from recent gamma ray observations in $100$ TeV -- PeV energy range by LHAASO observatory. We assume Myers-Pospelov effective field theory framework, and calculate the suppression for the Bethe-Heitler process which is mainly responsible for the formation of photon-initiated atmosphere showers. Comparing the high-energy photon events with the suppressed flux predictions we obtain $95\%$ CL constraints on the LIV energy scale. The obtained shower constraint $E_{\rm LIV} \gtrsim \mathcal{O} \left( 10^{20} \mbox{ GeV}\right)$ is significantly weaker than existing birefringence constraints but is independent.
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Constraining Lorentz invariance violation from the depth of air-shower maximum
A simulation-based toy analysis of Auger Xmax data yields M_LIV > 1.5e21 GeV (95% CL) for subluminal photon-sector Lorentz invariance violation, subject to simplified detector and composition assumptions.
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