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Thermal production of astrophobic axions

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arxiv 2403.05621 v1 pith:BPURLIBT submitted 2024-03-08 hep-ph

classification hep-ph
keywords axiondeltatextastrophobicmodelslargeastrophysicalaxions
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Hot axions are produced in the early Universe via their interactions with Standard Model particles, contributing to dark radiation commonly parameterized as $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$. In standard QCD axion benchmark models, this contribution to $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$ is negligible after taking into account astrophysical limits such as the SN1987A bound. We therefore compute the axion contribution to $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$ in so-called astrophobic axion models characterized by strongly suppressed axion couplings to nucleons and electrons, in which astrophysical constraints are relaxed and $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$ may be sizable. We also construct new astrophobic models in which axion couplings to photons and/or muons are suppressed as well, allowing for axion masses as large as few eV. Most astrophobic models are within the reach of CMB-S4, while some allow for $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$ as large as the current upper bound from Planck and thus will be probed by the Simons Observatory. The majority of astrophobic axion models predicting large $\Delta N_{\text{eff}}$ is also within the reach of IAXO or even BabyIAXO.

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Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Loop-Level Lepton Flavor Violation and Diphoton Signals in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Recasting axion limits onto the one-loop H3 couplings of the minimal left-right symmetric model excludes the right-handed scale up to 2×10^9 GeV and could eventually probe 6×10^11 GeV.

  2. Improved cosmological constraints on axion-lepton interactions

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For axion masses above 0.1 eV, cosmology provides the strongest known limits on axion couplings to muons, taus, and flavor-violating tau channels, excluding decay constants up to 10^8 GeV.

  3. Using $\Delta N_{\rm eff}$ to constrain preferred axion model dark matter

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In preferred axion models with slow heavy-quark decays, axions produced after decoupling form dark radiation that can exceed Planck's ΔNeff bound, excluding much of the parameter space of models D and E.

  4. CPon Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A light scalar from spontaneous CP violation, the CPon, can be a viable dark matter candidate with a mass between about 10 meV and 1 MeV and a suppression scale above 10^12 GeV.

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