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Accelerated inference on accelerated cosmic expansion: New constraints on axion-like early dark energy with DESI BAO and ACT DR6 CMB lensing

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arxiv 2404.16805 v1 pith:5FRBMJQN submitted 2024-04-25 astro-ph.CO

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abstract

The early dark energy (EDE) extension to $\Lambda$CDM has been proposed as a candidate scenario to resolve the "Hubble tension". We present new constraints on the EDE model by incorporating new data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) survey and CMB lensing measurements from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR6 and \textit{Planck} NPIPE data. We do not find evidence for EDE. The maximum fractional contribution of EDE to the total energy density is $f_\mathrm{EDE}< 0.091 \; (95\% \; \mathrm{CL} )$ from our baseline combination of \textit{Planck} CMB, CMB lensing, and DESI BAO. Our strongest constraints on EDE come from the combination of \textit{Planck} CMB and CMB lensing alone, yielding $f_\mathrm{EDE}< 0.070 \; (95\% \; \mathrm{CL} )$. We also explore extensions of $\Lambda$CDM beyond the EDE parameters by treating the total neutrino mass as a free parameter, finding $\sum m_\nu < 0.096 \,\, {\rm eV} \; (95\% \; \mathrm{CL} )$ and $f_\mathrm{EDE}< 0.087 \; (95\% \; \mathrm{CL} )$. For the first time in EDE analyses, we perform Bayesian parameter estimation using neural network emulators of cosmological observables, which are on the order of a hundred times faster than full Boltzmann solutions.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Scalar-Tensor Gravity and DESI 2024 BAO data

    astro-ph.CO 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    With Planck and DESI BAO data, the Brans-Dicke Galileon model prefers a nonzero Galileon term and yields H0 = 71.0 +1.5 -1.3 km/s/Mpc, consistent with SH0ES at 1.2 sigma.

  2. General parametrization for energy density of quintessence field

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A step-like parametrization of quintessence energy density reproduces all three known dark energy dynamics across redshifts, but cosmological data still prefer ΛCDM except in the CPL model.

  3. Hubble tension: a short review of theoretical explanations

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

    A comprehensive review finds no theoretical Hubble-tension solution yet passes all consistency tests; new early-dark-energy chains reach high H0 only when the SH0ES calibration is added.

  4. Observational constraints on early time non-phantom behaviour of dynamical dark energy

    astro-ph.CO 2025-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Early scaling dark energy is constrained to be less than about one percent at matter-radiation equality and is disfavored by model selection, while late-time CPL dynamics show only a weak preference away from ΛCDM.

  5. Reevaluating $H_0$ Tension with Non-Planck CMB and DESI BAO Joint Analysis

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Combining WMAP, ACT, or SPT CMB data with DESI BAO data in flat Lambda CDM yields H0 = 68.6-68.9 km/s/Mpc, lowering the Hubble tension with SH0ES to 3.4-3.8 sigma.

  6. The Hubble tension: A decade review

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    Pure early or late fixes to the Hubble tension are tightly constrained; remaining options are combined early-late interacting dark energy or new physics at the local-to-homogeneous transition.

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