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Formation and Dissociation of Field-Linked Tetramers
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We investigate the static and dynamic properties of tetratomic molecules formed by two microwave-shielded polar molecules across field-linked resonances. In particular, we focus on two-body physics and experimental techniques unexplored in the recent experiment [X.-Y. Chen {\it et al}., Nature {\bf626}, 283 (2024)]. We show that, compared to the lowest tetramer state, higher tetramer states typically have longer lifetimes, which may facilitate a further cooling of tetramer gases towards quantum degeneracy. To detect tetramers, we identify the distinctive time-of-flight images from ramp dissociation, which can be observed by lowering the ramp rate of the microwave. Remarkably, in the modulational dissociation of tetramers, we find that multi-photon processes induce dissociation even below the threshold modulation frequency when the modulation amplitude is sufficiently high. Given the universal form of the inter-molecular potential for microwave-shielded polar molecules, our results also apply to other molecular gases widely explored in recent experiments.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Supersolid Phases in Ultracold Gases of Microwave Shielded Polar Molecules
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Floquet theory yields an analytic effective potential for polar molecules in non-orthogonal dual microwave fields, showing moderate shielding reduction yet strongly suppressed inelastic losses and extra interaction tu...
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Two- and many-body physics of ultracold molecules dressed by dual microwave fields
Dual-microwave shielding of polar molecules is shown to have an optimal regime where dipolar attraction cancels and the good-to-bad collision ratio peaks, enabling an effective potential that predicts correlated gas states.
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Strongly dipolar molecular Bose-Einstein condensates: From few- to many-body physics
Strongly dipolar molecular BECs push dipolar quantum-gas theory past the extended Gross–Pitaevskii limit, into regimes where quantum Monte Carlo predicts droplets, superfluid membranes, and Wigner crystals.
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