Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T13:22:37.997172Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 67 of 67 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.16279.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T13:22:37.997172Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
67 of 67 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 7d41a818-5667-4c8d-a291-f6c63cf0398b · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Electron-phonon interactions from first prin- ciples
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 957e3aa8-7fc6-49f1-8274-41f235a50b9b · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Celli, V
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation fd5dd0e5-1c08-45bf-98ab-9ce801d266c6 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Renker, B
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 4c186d2a-7da3-47c6-8ecb-1617783570fb · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Walsh, A
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 9f569806-228a-4c62-a9f2-b8742b500609 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Vanderbilt, D
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 2d09489e-53db-4f9e-bce3-711c5b200fcf · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation aad3842b-80a5-4a56-affe-f8fa0f45ab3d · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 5bc44397-265e-4f48-b355-9c96e07bd231 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Gonze, X
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 99cce8c4-d64b-48e1-b0d5-02a6e18d8f86 · outbound
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 39207061-9e7c-402d-b083-7f06058ef7f4 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Cohen, M
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 5429609c-12c5-4f61-a540-c820d11a0acf · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Needs, R.J
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 9c00fb25-8bd4-4861-8da9-72674b13e7b2 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Wiktor, J
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation b8aebf8a-5a1a-427d-b6fa-aa1fa1e3942f · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Needs, R.J
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation b226bce8-e178-44c0-abf1-9a8d8b8b7768 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Marini, A
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 22f5d6d9-70c9-4e14-987a-c5c2a95b48eb · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Monserrat, B
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation ea584343-57cf-48b7-b80c-b3116b51c2ad · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Bertrand, Y
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 18084b6b-3195-4d55-bf93-64735ed90f11 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Crystal Structure Prediction and Phase Stability in Highly Anharmonic Silver-Based Chalcohalide Anti-Perovskites
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 851dc2e5-89c5-482f-93c3-655f91dd05b0 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Yamamoto, O
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 64cf70e0-451a-4ff4-9c6c-5419ab9aef62 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Superionics: crystal structures and conduction processes
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 8524b974-f8e5-4d0e-b5e6-14745be8dd69 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Kanashiro, T
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 598db706-9149-4e16-8c5e-d33ba72cad82 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Treatment of anharmonic thermal vibration by using transformation of scattering vector
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 5b43f3ea-d2df-4209-ab1f-2b892e2f01f0 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Hoshino, H
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 751fcbcd-c11f-42bb-ba90-fa0aa47ef74f · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Sinistri, C
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation ce797a66-5e3a-4867-8b42-05420df89c14 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Metal chalcohalides: Next generation photo- voltaic materials? Sol
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 62cad969-d3b5-4409-93ad-9abcda430455 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites P., Green, M
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c1f9c55a-f283-4b79-97f6-7191ab19b7ba · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites S., Mertens, S., Lal, Melchor, A., Carranza, G., Calbo, J., Righetto, M., Sessolo, M., Herz, L
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation f483c7a2-f512-4bf8-b06d-ecb5243b0238 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites W., Ben ´ ıtez, P., L´ opez-´Alvarez, C., Asensi, J.-M., Payno, D., Puigdollers, J., Placidi, M., Ca- zorla, C., Agrawal, R
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 6e83ae07-dbb5-45de-ad71-056924ba0a30 · outbound
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 0576b437-0358-4979-a91f-dcc334d06f0c · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites V., Vydrov, O
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation e27a9a3a-5020-40fa-9074-bac7d6cedb5e · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Hoshino, S
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation fb694937-aa06-4eeb-a869-ebb1b8f97d44 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Sakuma, T
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 4de69ccf-4e71-4a6d-9c79-4a6ae2397125 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Yoshiasa, A
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c4a0bf4d-682f-42c2-882c-d8a0f37ddbad · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Carbogno, C
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 769eb67b-09e5-47aa-b95b-347465aa3b0a · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation fe8cc0ee-10bb-4373-98c0-2e05aaa41d18 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites L., Marini, A., Ver- straete, M
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 92083e3c-e694-4bc7-af25-dbdeb227508c · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Giustino, F
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 336d5161-83b7-400d-8ed9-0f740d8a9ff3 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites M., Abreu, J
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c674cdaa-e5a8-4966-8367-325205f2d9bd · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites C., Tang, G., Geng, W
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 3e9c1dea-7cf3-4a61-861a-b57b865a3cfd · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation ce05ca03-4bf5-4718-b86c-296dd41310ff · outbound
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation ed9d518f-1a93-461a-a7a5-99937c85a540 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites P., Hautier, G
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c9e55554-e559-4efe-9d60-9e7d63afe0f5 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 3d0f116c-33d2-4d45-a995-290de3c643e2 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites F., Fennier, C
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 7282de7d-916e-47c4-8282-85c8fe2db1c9 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c9705cb7-636c-44bb-9143-fe905ee29c88 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 960e62fc-d7f9-4db9-b5f9-3f118a90dd8d · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites C., Guennou, M., Toulouse, C., Cazayous, M., Gillet, Y., Gonze, X
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation ddc0f7d7-871c-4191-a177-b3ffa2292282 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and ´I˜ niguez-Gonz´ alez, J
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation f340fb2c-ee63-4a3f-9845-24844607fe26 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c8f5b772-a217-42dd-ab2c-8ab2bd02ee62 · outbound
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 4e8884b6-f877-4019-a4a9-29991e2d3e40 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 4dafb4af-5486-4bd4-a669-0c92fef8fa72 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 2a908c10-87d0-4f05-bb32-987b42e2c8bc · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Mon- serrat, B
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation b59d2df5-0d32-44c5-b945-c67cfbca4909 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Cazorla, C
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation d9392499-2b23-41fa-84e0-c85578436974 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Furthm¨ uller, J
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9a9058e2-aabc-478c-be0e-1c49ac7e6b42 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a6227829-5d2c-4980-b948-05899193ea75 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Boronat, J
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0a0b3ef0-860e-4f2a-803c-4d2f40a19920 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites P., Ruzsinszky, A., Csonka, G
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 3d308f32-9d54-4f3b-a140-26574d4ad37c · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Laurence, D
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 237bb857-d3de-45d8-bde0-32e8f4c6e4f9 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation fc1017b6-43b9-4809-8186-95176129adc4 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation c76578da-e823-4048-93d6-62d529d5245c · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Trickey, S
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation e84b220c-e8ef-4789-b29c-0844dfc8f956 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Vanderbilt, D
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation db0660ab-9a7f-4a60-bc7e-7bf9aa6f0ff4 · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites Unresolved cited work
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 4812c5f0-fd82-4266-a0ff-004655b0d1e7 · outbound
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation 8a34f550-6f7b-4c7c-a217-9870d95d9089 · outbound
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
Observation b105f8b9-3645-4a7e-8ba6-e162f4c2f04e · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Tanaka, I
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 14d28b26-82a0-405f-88c9-7a035c0ec6eb · outbound
Giant Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Band-Gap Renormalization in Anharmonic Silver Chalcohalide Antiperovskites and Tanaka, I
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.