Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 44 of 44 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.19563.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.19563 v2

Coverage vector

measured 44 of 44 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.885967Z

measured 44 of 44 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

44 of 44 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy19
unresolved23
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation f05f588a-c647-49e4-8fa1-907d6aae78e1 · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Attention Is All You Need

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.760649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 125a0bb2-b3a0-4e70-bdd0-27f3ab095ef4 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.763981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3efc785d-96a5-4590-b361-8e67915780ef · outbound

This paper cites Luan, Dario Amodei, and Ilya Sutskever.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Luan, Dario Amodei, and Ilya Sutskever

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.322649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d075b8d5-0179-4305-b486-9abb1f853573 · outbound

This paper cites Defending Against Neural Fake News.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Defending Against Neural Fake News

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.315862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation dad43b42-63fa-4260-80d3-2a3de2dab447 · outbound

This paper cites TweepFake: about Detecting Deepfake Tweets.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models TweepFake: about Detecting Deepfake Tweets

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.772921Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ba218ea4-292b-44d1-9cc8-ea7dc7bbedf9 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.775922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 51ac73ed-66da-46b9-b386-b1a2d39dc378 · outbound

This paper cites ChatGPT : A comprehensive review on background, applications, key challenges, bias, ethics, limitations and future scope.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models ChatGPT : A comprehensive review on background, applications, key challenges, bias, ethics, limitations and future scope

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.779565Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 502760f5-db85-4711-88a6-cdde5798ba7c · outbound

This paper cites A Watermark for Large Language Models.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models A Watermark for Large Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.308730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8d029087-4972-4856-a6a8-fdceff0f2b7c · outbound

This paper cites Surveying Stylometry Techniques and Applications.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Surveying Stylometry Techniques and Applications

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.785831Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation be80fd15-5bfa-4863-97ef-1bab99a2cd09 · outbound

This paper cites A survey of modern authorship attribution methods.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models A survey of modern authorship attribution methods

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.301987Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 634643eb-a416-4d74-b42e-0d5b7c23fe5e · outbound

This paper cites Authorship Attribution for Neural Text Generation.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Authorship Attribution for Neural Text Generation

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.791549Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c46fe252-7cbf-404c-89d6-2c627fae8774 · outbound

This paper cites The Lancaster Sensorimotor Norms : multidimensional measures of perceptual and action strength for 40,000 English words.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models The Lancaster Sensorimotor Norms : multidimensional measures of perceptual and action strength for 40,000 English words

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.794649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b37082f9-2bdf-413e-b4d1-70a3d5541ae5 · outbound

This paper cites boethius.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models boethius

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.294171Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 91db57f6-7d34-4cd3-b4c5-2f4c8fc89336 · outbound

This paper cites Stylometric Watermarks for Large Language Models.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Stylometric Watermarks for Large Language Models

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.147623Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation df070171-f9db-4957-baad-4a5f762f5c87 · outbound

This paper cites New AI classifier for indicating AI -written text, January 2023.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models New AI classifier for indicating AI -written text, January 2023

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.285803Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 9e726859-be46-4a52-a97c-22a08ad21805 · outbound

This paper cites GPTZero The Trusted AI Detector for ChatGPT , GPT -4, & More , 2023.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models GPTZero The Trusted AI Detector for ChatGPT , GPT -4, & More , 2023

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.277445Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 379717d7-fe9c-44ac-bfb7-eaa8b6aad96e · outbound

This paper cites Manning, and Chelsea Finn.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Manning, and Chelsea Finn

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.269354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f1c32c86-2bc2-4269-a6f9-135ef3937f4e · outbound

This paper cites Automatic Detection of Machine Generated Text: A Critical Survey.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Automatic Detection of Machine Generated Text: A Critical Survey

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.809761Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7bfc1389-7dc9-4ab6-ba6a-efc08af276a0 · outbound

This paper cites On the Possibilities of AI-Generated Text Detection.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models On the Possibilities of AI-Generated Text Detection

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.812363Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d0364df8-0ade-4b6d-a3df-d70077661a77 · outbound

This paper cites Undetectable Watermarks for Language Models , 2023.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Undetectable Watermarks for Language Models , 2023

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.262510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 0886f62c-329c-4fc2-82dd-377c53529ece · outbound

This paper cites My AI Safety Lecture for UT Effective Altruism , November 2022.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models My AI Safety Lecture for UT Effective Altruism , November 2022

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.254042Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation c9054ab0-e1ce-401a-a957-305bd2b1f69f · outbound

This paper cites Watermarking of Large Language Models , August 2023.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Watermarking of Large Language Models , August 2023

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.245207Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 51182f20-2e39-448a-943d-8c12df8988a7 · outbound

This paper cites A reversible natural language watermarking for sensitive information protection.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models A reversible natural language watermarking for sensitive information protection

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.237413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 0ae645e2-6108-46f1-b23f-8d5278f82038 · outbound

This paper cites Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.826853Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation da60acc5-a4c6-4b80-9b44-263abe07bb94 · outbound

This paper cites Provable Robust Watermarking for AI-Generated Text.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Provable Robust Watermarking for AI-Generated Text

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.829718Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 38abe747-e219-4c14-a9e8-1ff6c613ce0e · outbound

This paper cites Robust Distortion-free Watermarks for Language Models.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Robust Distortion-free Watermarks for Language Models

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.832429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8d834f05-872f-4fdc-949d-d8292f5fd1ac · outbound

This paper cites Duwak: Dual Watermarks in Large Language Models.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Duwak: Dual Watermarks in Large Language Models

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.835300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0f435d36-cda1-4c3a-9be0-34327ecd0dc9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.838482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6983b2e-9be9-4fdc-b523-55a8cd61555f · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Modern Authorship Attribution Methods.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models A Survey of Modern Authorship Attribution Methods

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.840861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 991cd738-ec2b-4923-98cf-40911aa0fe65 · outbound

This paper cites Sensory linguistics.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Sensory linguistics

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.229916Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation bc46dd90-892d-4ee0-9edc-30066e00f4df · outbound

This paper cites Smells like teen spirit: An exploration of sensorial style in literary genres.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Smells like teen spirit: An exploration of sensorial style in literary genres

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.222385Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 29f78934-7fbc-4403-92c3-83abccbd44cd · outbound

This paper cites Cross-language authorship attribution.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Cross-language authorship attribution

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.214152Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation a4dd5194-caba-487f-8c0f-65e87dc85da4 · outbound

This paper cites Generating acrostics via paraphrasing and heuristic search.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Generating acrostics via paraphrasing and heuristic search

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.206107Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 22974185-08d6-4745-8cd3-77608ef37ff6 · outbound

This paper cites Controlling sequence-to-sequence models-a demonstration on neural-based acrostic generator.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Controlling sequence-to-sequence models-a demonstration on neural-based acrostic generator

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.198839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation dc0f3302-c61c-4bf6-8201-d3f1ec72bac4 · outbound

This paper cites Alisa: Acrostic linguistic steganography based on bert and gibbs sampling.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Alisa: Acrostic linguistic steganography based on bert and gibbs sampling

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.190140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 4f610c61-f8d8-477b-b390-17ade1385175 · outbound

This paper cites Teach LLMs to Personalize -- An Approach inspired by Writing Education.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Teach LLMs to Personalize -- An Approach inspired by Writing Education

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.861725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f8ddd0b4-6fdd-45a6-930e-ad394f3f3614 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models Are Human-Level Prompt Engineers.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Large Language Models Are Human-Level Prompt Engineers

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.865195Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a25ef4f2-4246-48cc-b113-c3e017592dec · outbound

This paper cites Ethereal poem in e, 2024.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Ethereal poem in e, 2024

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:21.181670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 30302cfc-ded5-42d2-98f5-f848c9dfd5be · outbound

This paper cites Taskiran, and Edward J.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Taskiran, and Edward J

Reference 39

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.911380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 17114b7e-1e3e-452f-a597-3f2d960a83e6 · outbound

This paper cites Atallah, Victor Raskin, Michael Crogan, Christian Hempelmann, Florian Kerschbaum, Dina Mohamed, and Sanket Naik.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Atallah, Victor Raskin, Michael Crogan, Christian Hempelmann, Florian Kerschbaum, Dina Mohamed, and Sanket Naik

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.874140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 966f35ce-dce4-4611-b655-7dd00a315bd5 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.876629Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ba1bd5e2-dc00-4ab3-b418-8e219bfc11e1 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Mistral 7B

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.880014Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 28e78876-2425-43e0-b2e3-571d1abec9f3 · outbound

This paper cites HuggingFace's Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models HuggingFace's Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.882826Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5748e037-5a50-46e7-9e05-e98bfe611728 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Ensemble Watermarks for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T10:09:20.885967Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.