Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.876754Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
The Reality of AI and Biorisk
As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 76 of 76 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.01946.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:32:19.351384Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z
Reference resolution
76 of 76 outbound references displayed
- verified exact4
- verified fuzzy47
- unresolved24
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier1
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
2
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z
Outbound references
Observation dc156c13-b0db-4d52-b5b9-77a29424294e · outbound
This paper cites write newline.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk write newline
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.552881Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 528dad7f-f576-45c0-b43d-6a3734895859 · outbound
This paper cites Ballard, Joshua Bambrick, Sebastian W.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Ballard, Joshua Bambrick, Sebastian W
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.558881Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 37385a21-bd93-4dd9-afa4-4a16ddc8dd81 · outbound
This paper cites Advanced technology: Examining threats to national security, 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Advanced technology: Examining threats to national security, 2023
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.101946Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation ca2eb5ce-cf21-45f3-a3ef-3256e29820ad · outbound
This paper cites Preparing the federal response to advanced technologies, 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Preparing the federal response to advanced technologies, 2023
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.088365Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation bac8d791-ae51-4844-827c-ec8a5ba732aa · outbound
This paper cites Frontier threats red teaming for AI safety, 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Frontier threats red teaming for AI safety, 2023
Reference 5
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.074531Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation b3ad50ca-e54e-4717-a74f-7cb81a864689 · outbound
This paper cites Claude 3 model card, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Claude 3 model card, 2024
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.060606Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 9a56352a-aabc-4773-843e-f64cf2006f3c · outbound
This paper cites Humphreys, Qian Cong, David Baker, and Frank DiMaio.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Humphreys, Qian Cong, David Baker, and Frank DiMaio
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.582152Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8a23ce00-c607-40cf-ba02-0570d6da9d78 · outbound
This paper cites AI and BioRisk : An explainer, 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk AI and BioRisk : An explainer, 2023
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.045814Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 7e4acdd2-274c-4773-92cd-ebea9caeb755 · outbound
This paper cites Could AI -designed proteins be weaponized? 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Could AI -designed proteins be weaponized? 2024
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.031929Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 58a7aa42-7a4e-43ef-9d01-06970f12646a · outbound
This paper cites Campbell, Jonathan Herington, and Andrew D.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Campbell, Jonathan Herington, and Andrew D
Reference 10
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.595019Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9b34d99b-31ee-4230-bcb6-477854cd8ca6 · outbound
This paper cites risk, alignment, and guarding against doomsday scenarios.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk risk, alignment, and guarding against doomsday scenarios
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.017808Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 62dd3cee-778d-49fe-b78d-5094efee2b75 · outbound
This paper cites Schneider, Andrew W.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Schneider, Andrew W
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.603044Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a38bd3ad-97f1-40d4-bc80-cd013dc924cd · outbound
This paper cites Cummings, Kaitlin M.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Cummings, Kaitlin M
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.987503Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 603d2aff-e3b0-4c6b-9ef3-0932457a97e5 · outbound
This paper cites Aya Expanse: Combining Research Breakthroughs for a New Multilingual Frontier.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Aya Expanse: Combining Research Breakthroughs for a New Multilingual Frontier
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.610745Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 04b8fbfd-94ac-434f-9cf9-0c905f27ad1b · outbound
This paper cites Dauparas, I.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Dauparas, I
Reference 15
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.615380Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5319938b-26ca-4db8-90da-cebda2d3096b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:31.003455Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 78ae40b7-7015-4c93-9633-fd0ed81ac8de · outbound
This paper cites Synthetic biology: Applying engineering to biology, 2005.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Synthetic biology: Applying engineering to biology, 2005
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.989777Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation efdd156d-6e07-4948-80f0-dff9a8ba4993 · outbound
This paper cites Regulation ( EU ) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament : Laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence ( Artificial Intelligence Act) , 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Regulation ( EU ) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament : Laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence ( Artificial Intelligence Act) , 2024
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.975917Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation f9bb673d-68b3-45d3-91c0-55e6970dfcef · outbound
This paper cites AI in infectious diseases: The role of datasets.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk AI in infectious diseases: The role of datasets
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.962176Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation c5131f5c-be51-493e-b8dc-4e4774a315c1 · outbound
This paper cites A national security insider does the math on the dangers of AI.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk A national security insider does the math on the dangers of AI
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.948617Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 1f109084-0bc6-4e70-a3c4-35c9591b1819 · outbound
This paper cites AlphaFold 3 predicts the structure and interactions of all of life’s molecules, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk AlphaFold 3 predicts the structure and interactions of all of life’s molecules, 2024
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.933958Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 8ea0dee6-5aba-483e-b693-0ad86c02b506 · outbound
This paper cites Machine learning and deep learning in synthetic biology: Key architectures, applications, and challenges.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Machine learning and deep learning in synthetic biology: Key architectures, applications, and challenges
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.965347Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation d3a1bff3-7e87-4d9c-a22d-dcb7f2509a80 · outbound
This paper cites Seven myths & realities about do-it-yourself biology, 2013.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Seven myths & realities about do-it-yourself biology, 2013
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.919598Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 7f04d6d0-0ab9-47f4-bb30-08f70569b494 · outbound
This paper cites Managing risks from AI -enabled biological tools, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Managing risks from AI -enabled biological tools, 2024
Reference 24
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.905639Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 0a6f54c5-6733-402e-b824-02959fb69157 · outbound
This paper cites Sofroniew, Deniz Oktay, Zeming Lin, Robert Verkuil, Vincent Q.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Sofroniew, Deniz Oktay, Zeming Lin, Robert Verkuil, Vincent Q
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.659507Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d8c23c9e-484b-485c-a56b-6710c3105dbe · outbound
This paper cites On the Limitations of Compute Thresholds as a Governance Strategy.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk On the Limitations of Compute Thresholds as a Governance Strategy
Reference 26
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.663966Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 56e84d2d-807f-4722-b715-581f78c35917 · outbound
This paper cites LLMs can generate robotic scripts from goal-oriented instructions in biological laboratory automation.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk LLMs can generate robotic scripts from goal-oriented instructions in biological laboratory automation
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.669763Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a15fe1d8-be7b-4ca9-bfe6-1af59ea282e2 · outbound
This paper cites Synthetic biology and biosecurity: Challenging the “myths”.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Synthetic biology and biosecurity: Challenging the “myths”
Reference 28
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.891663Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 0d78a09a-fc77-4e02-83c6-ac43dfeaecb0 · outbound
This paper cites Carter, Nazish Alexanian, Oliver Crook, Samuel Curtis, Richard Moulange, Shrestha Rath, Sophie Rose, and Jennifer Clark.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Carter, Nazish Alexanian, Oliver Crook, Samuel Curtis, Richard Moulange, Shrestha Rath, Sophie Rose, and Jennifer Clark
Reference 29
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.878005Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 01bf0a17-7a28-43e6-a631-b76c95511c4a · outbound
This paper cites Medical Adaptation of Large Language and Vision-Language Models: Are We Making Progress?.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Medical Adaptation of Large Language and Vision-Language Models: Are We Making Progress?
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.683398Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b3257f4a-0258-4db5-a163-f64c36bdb3ef · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.863986Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 89a47988-cb5d-4215-80e8-0db7697de060 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.849743Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 0660e8b7-8c65-4358-81e4-16f8c57ec7fc · outbound
This paper cites On the Societal Impact of Open Foundation Models.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk On the Societal Impact of Open Foundation Models
Reference 33
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.695340Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6e5a4b8f-0e05-45c1-a855-9d229839b656 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.941163Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation f831a554-fb50-42dc-ae76-ab89b44585ef · outbound
This paper cites Zilinskas, and Jens H.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Zilinskas, and Jens H
Reference 35
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.836080Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 47c66344-25f0-4faf-97f3-ba5de62adcc0 · outbound
This paper cites Koblentz, and J Rodgers.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Koblentz, and J Rodgers
Reference 36
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.822362Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation f691ea6f-ead1-4434-93a2-349a6dcdb8c1 · outbound
This paper cites The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.711347Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8da61756-d830-4ae4-8bd9-fd99d7684b9f · outbound
This paper cites Lee, Campbell S.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Lee, Campbell S
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.808385Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation bc2aec2a-a6a6-4b60-a679-eb017abcc11f · outbound
This paper cites AI -powered biological warfare is ‘biggest issue,’ former Google exec warns , 2022.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk AI -powered biological warfare is ‘biggest issue,’ former Google exec warns , 2022
Reference 39
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.794663Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation f3a4b174-86ee-419e-b7cb-38d1d915524e · outbound
This paper cites Biological sequence models in the context of the AI directives, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Biological sequence models in the context of the AI directives, 2024
Reference 40
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.779931Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 09c50320-682f-4034-9afd-296d803d43eb · outbound
This paper cites Dozens of Top Scientists Sign Effort to Prevent A.I.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Dozens of Top Scientists Sign Effort to Prevent A.I
Reference 41
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.764823Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 7679ba71-1690-4305-966c-387c798d500b · outbound
This paper cites Towards Responsible Governance of Biological Design Tools.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Towards Responsible Governance of Biological Design Tools
Reference 42
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.732941Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5bb5caef-7e4e-4f52-93f0-67a31940a944 · outbound
This paper cites Mouton, Caleb Lucas, and Ella Guest.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Mouton, Caleb Lucas, and Ella Guest
Reference 43
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.749953Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation ef27143c-1123-43c8-8a64-3773f9908609 · outbound
This paper cites Written testimony for Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Spending Oversight hearing on Advanced Technology , 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Written testimony for Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Spending Oversight hearing on Advanced Technology , 2023
Reference 44
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.735125Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 57f2e1f6-d018-45a7-bcf9-0fc8d7f7fc1b · outbound
This paper cites Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology
Reference 45
- Resolution
- malformed identifier
- doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.927706Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 08f4d815-a04b-46a4-b1e4-9f2ab1190cc7 · outbound
This paper cites Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism
Reference 46
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.720677Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 428083f5-5dd3-437d-b279-783a783e01fe · outbound
This paper cites Evidence-based laboatory biorisk management - science and technology roadmap.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Evidence-based laboatory biorisk management - science and technology roadmap
Reference 47
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.707100Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation cf6412bb-9b46-40eb-8675-78d1fedc850a · outbound
This paper cites Dual-use foundation models with widely available model weights, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Dual-use foundation models with widely available model weights, 2024
Reference 48
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.693372Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation f166cfcb-473d-4d52-acf7-3bf388f18f9f · outbound
This paper cites HyenaDNA: Long-Range Genomic Sequence Modeling at Single Nucleotide Resolution.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk HyenaDNA: Long-Range Genomic Sequence Modeling at Single Nucleotide Resolution
Reference 49
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.763597Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 75b7598f-5413-4bd8-91c0-1302c1c27a9b · outbound
This paper cites Managing misuse risk for dual-use foundation models, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Managing misuse risk for dual-use foundation models, 2024
Reference 50
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.679639Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 5d77137f-6bfb-4806-ba9a-15541f288a81 · outbound
This paper cites White paper 3: Risks of AIxBio , 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk White paper 3: Risks of AIxBio , 2024
Reference 51
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.666000Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 553b9422-843e-46cc-8f36-2a117bdc7a43 · outbound
This paper cites Building an early warning system for LLM -aided biological threat creation, 2024 a.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Building an early warning system for LLM -aided biological threat creation, 2024 a
Reference 52
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.653073Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation d70a50cc-b837-48bf-acd6-2844220155b2 · outbound
This paper cites OpenAI and Los Alamos National Laboratory announce bioscience research partnership , 2024 b.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk OpenAI and Los Alamos National Laboratory announce bioscience research partnership , 2024 b
Reference 53
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.639533Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 6fa67c93-f22b-43ee-8a63-a394efcb83b9 · outbound
This paper cites o1 system card, 2024 c.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk o1 system card, 2024 c
Reference 54
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.626249Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation b9e0297c-a6e7-4740-90de-1e94bda0d9eb · outbound
This paper cites B arriers to B ioweapons.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk B arriers to B ioweapons
Reference 55
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.786731Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7957b21d-5362-4f33-9806-63a1fba94f68 · outbound
This paper cites Read, Edward N.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Read, Edward N
Reference 56
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.612603Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 189b180c-171e-4622-ab89-f5d3fbc94896 · outbound
This paper cites Open Problems in Technical AI Governance.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Open Problems in Technical AI Governance
Reference 57
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.794365Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f6a35d4f-fd22-4ba1-a95c-ac541482e2b7 · outbound
This paper cites US senators express bipartisan alarm about AI , focusing on biological attack, 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk US senators express bipartisan alarm about AI , focusing on biological attack, 2023
Reference 58
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.598820Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 427656c0-0b3a-40b3-9bb4-e80c3c47f434 · outbound
This paper cites Towards quantifying the risk of LLMs raising lone-wolf bioterrorism (forthcoming).
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Towards quantifying the risk of LLMs raising lone-wolf bioterrorism (forthcoming)
Reference 59
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.585017Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 19e2fe6c-4dd5-4422-aadc-2d7ec40b6da6 · outbound
This paper cites The near-term impact of AI on biological misuse, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk The near-term impact of AI on biological misuse, 2024
Reference 60
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.571071Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 7fb7e2ae-9cce-4182-a010-d04d8c84f5e2 · outbound
This paper cites Who should we fear more: Biohackers, disgruntled postdocs, or bad governments? a simple risk chain model of biorisk.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Who should we fear more: Biohackers, disgruntled postdocs, or bad governments? a simple risk chain model of biorisk
Reference 61
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.556806Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 5858bdce-148f-40bf-8e5b-21f8500837ef · outbound
This paper cites Aya Dataset: An Open-Access Collection for Multilingual Instruction Tuning.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Aya Dataset: An Open-Access Collection for Multilingual Instruction Tuning
Reference 62
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.814683Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1ab4db9b-f2e6-4abf-8061-82686a994d2a · outbound
This paper cites Can large language models democratize access to dual-use biotechnology?.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Can large language models democratize access to dual-use biotechnology?
Reference 63
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.819311Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c528aad3-bc2f-47a4-96b4-05a6e960d869 · outbound
This paper cites Terwilliger, Dorothee Liebschner, Tristan I.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Terwilliger, Dorothee Liebschner, Tristan I
Reference 64
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.913569Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation ee08040a-9f19-457e-babd-4dd7dd94ce29 · outbound
This paper cites Science in the age of AI , 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Science in the age of AI , 2024
Reference 65
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.542909Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation dbc6d02d-b907-4afb-b8aa-eafb510c8d61 · outbound
This paper cites Executive order on the safe, secure, and trustworthy development and use of artificial intelligence, 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Executive order on the safe, secure, and trustworthy development and use of artificial intelligence, 2023
Reference 66
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.529149Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 0f27b404-f7d9-4e03-be43-14cb73bb6294 · outbound
This paper cites de Brevern.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk de Brevern
Reference 67
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.515822Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation b00effcd-d0ac-418a-b11e-26d45b7da273 · outbound
This paper cites AI safety institute approach to evaluations, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk AI safety institute approach to evaluations, 2024
Reference 68
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.503262Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation d32d1f03-192f-4d67-832e-063cbcaec724 · outbound
This paper cites The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1-2 November 2023 , 2023.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1-2 November 2023 , 2023
Reference 69
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.489007Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 2d2052ae-9cae-4c56-b83b-d45c81a2c58e · outbound
This paper cites New commitment to deepen work on severe AI risks concludes AI seoul summit, 2024.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk New commitment to deepen work on severe AI risks concludes AI seoul summit, 2024
Reference 70
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.473513Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 57814185-53d8-4813-8d5c-02dab5ecc492 · outbound
This paper cites History of the biological weapons convention.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk History of the biological weapons convention
Reference 71
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.458647Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation e3c5baa1-d203-4975-ab7b-7bbedfcd04e6 · outbound
This paper cites Amerithrax investigative summary.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Amerithrax investigative summary
Reference 72
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.444195Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 89f8301d-2fdd-45cd-ba06-891d10662299 · outbound
This paper cites Biosafety levels, 2015.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Biosafety levels, 2015
Reference 73
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.429714Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation e2da095d-bc3c-4c6c-90f4-27acd615165f · outbound
This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.
Reference 74
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.868032Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7d51547a-ee4a-4d8b-95ec-100d6ec69820 · outbound
This paper cites What is dual-use research of concern?, 2020.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk What is dual-use research of concern?, 2020
Reference 75
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:30.413697Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 9dc9e319-c420-4f87-99e6-90534531977f · outbound
This paper cites Specialized Foundation Models Struggle to Beat Supervised Baselines.
The Reality of AI and Biorisk Specialized Foundation Models Struggle to Beat Supervised Baselines
Reference 76
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T00:05:29.876754Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Pith citing papers
Observation 5e4ce984-71d0-4a24-8fc2-354289a40960 · inbound
Forbidden Science: Dual-Use AI Challenge Benchmark and Scientific Refusal Tests cites this paper.
Forbidden Science: Dual-Use AI Challenge Benchmark and Scientific Refusal Tests The Reality of AI and Biorisk
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T19:21:19.157071Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 957864b2-1f23-43f9-8736-a828b7fc346b · inbound
AI Safety Should Prioritize the Future of Work cites this paper.
AI Safety Should Prioritize the Future of Work The Reality of AI and Biorisk
Reference 85
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:32:19.351384Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e0d6aad1-8bb8-4526-bb67-142401a1620f · inbound
Virology Capabilities Test (VCT): A Multimodal Virology Q&A Benchmark cites this paper.
Virology Capabilities Test (VCT): A Multimodal Virology Q&A Benchmark The Reality of AI and Biorisk
Reference 47
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T11:30:11.984406Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bdf73130-eaa7-4472-a47b-06b67211cf90 · inbound
Preliminary suggestions for rigorous GPAI model evaluations cites this paper.
Preliminary suggestions for rigorous GPAI model evaluations The Reality of AI and Biorisk
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:20:12.807220Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c7f632f8-317c-4ecc-9206-6caee9e01b0a · inbound
Jailbroken Frontier Models Retain Their Capabilities cites this paper.
Jailbroken Frontier Models Retain Their Capabilities The Reality of AI and Biorisk
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T15:26:09.825377Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation eddc6f09-0064-4a25-a67e-03877404bb89 · inbound
Two AI Metrics Diverged: Will it Make All the Difference? cites this paper.
Two AI Metrics Diverged: Will it Make All the Difference? The Reality of AI and Biorisk
Reference 61
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T12:36:55.972322Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.