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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Concept Boundary Vectors

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.15698.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.15698 v1

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.699481Z

measured 32 of 32 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact2
  • verified fuzzy13
  • unresolved16
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2c57a5d8-f48e-45e7-af7e-3b29d20aa110 · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

Concept Boundary Vectors Attention Is All You Need

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.016760Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.016760Z digest=sha256:65564bbe4cd834e745e0ed11126a78568aba102ab92b0272bbdb70453a7253bd

Observation 1eed5609-c1ab-4cd0-9cdf-24e416c4f8ce · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners, 2018.

Concept Boundary Vectors Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners, 2018

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.634020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.022610Z digest=sha256:e747369d7465a04b8b1b8e787ed98dc5136743c1a5f5ff3d8f280325ae57b098

Observation 4c32c7de-f2c1-4ce0-8abf-9b2e4cccff54 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Concept Boundary Vectors Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.080464Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.080464Z digest=sha256:48834744cd8904b86c4bfc603d9f92001f4cad955ac4cfa2d638668152199f80

Observation 5462ad62-5dfc-4b0e-b273-889faf8e375a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Concept Boundary Vectors Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.621191Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.146411Z digest=sha256:84a0622f21ac9ac03382731523cfa2988e2495edd66ad3b4fe2c5bf9e84825e2

Observation 5d1cefa2-c4cf-48bd-9d48-06238d50d8cb · outbound

This paper cites Mishra, and Sanjiv Kumar Jain.

Concept Boundary Vectors Mishra, and Sanjiv Kumar Jain

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.607774Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.183058Z digest=sha256:681bceb202a96d9fb4203e8a2c0361a9e02cec8d335e34e256b13f41106d4f14

Observation ff51ebe2-600f-4828-a337-4af0b5b40ea4 · outbound

This paper cites Formal Analysis of Neural Network-Based Systems in the Aircraft Domain.

Concept Boundary Vectors Formal Analysis of Neural Network-Based Systems in the Aircraft Domain

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.594352Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.187740Z digest=sha256:21f6680aeef4b6584e6131c1761a4ac00c3271b420026bb4ef49088b622d7622

Observation a1171a64-7c3f-4807-aec9-fb2836ea4d67 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing ChatGPT, November 2022.

Concept Boundary Vectors Introducing ChatGPT, November 2022

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.581660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.193353Z digest=sha256:5911226a806bd0142eeb1616447738bae714e647f224f0eb4447dcfac7e62854

Observation dba4efe6-e4f3-4368-b2f6-21af70d0d300 · outbound

This paper cites Why Should I Trust You?.

Concept Boundary Vectors Why Should I Trust You?

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.568299Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.197058Z digest=sha256:10954a3ec7c1422e5b96fc42d8ad3253e57872fd4ac084bc359f79309580ea2d

Observation d3276db4-7d72-4f17-8f9d-b0aa0fed70af · outbound

This paper cites Lundberg and Su-In Lee.

Concept Boundary Vectors Lundberg and Su-In Lee

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.554738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.202323Z digest=sha256:2e88349f9fcdfbbd859f78627f0ba80d1932c0616e9e470d31f51722c9bed665

Observation 66b9c7f7-a4bd-4dc4-8a6c-9e3c8563cb13 · outbound

This paper cites Interpretability Beyond Feature Attribution: Quantitative Testing with Concept Activation Vectors (TCA V), June.

Concept Boundary Vectors Interpretability Beyond Feature Attribution: Quantitative Testing with Concept Activation Vectors (TCA V), June

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.541305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.207623Z digest=sha256:078aa1d6984af12689e48d67d3973983c94affb215540f06d125993969305e36

Observation eb997491-3b94-4660-a0d9-2aeedc80f094 · outbound

This paper cites Toward Transparent AI: A Survey on Interpreting the Inner Structures of Deep Neural Networks.

Concept Boundary Vectors Toward Transparent AI: A Survey on Interpreting the Inner Structures of Deep Neural Networks

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.217346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.217346Z digest=sha256:083e0321e5913fc10ff481742c0f10050577d0e8319b775df42b610205b579cb

Observation fe2ea2e5-8e77-42d3-a0f3-5915e96510f3 · outbound

This paper cites Sparse Autoencoders Find Highly Interpretable Features in Language Models.

Concept Boundary Vectors Sparse Autoencoders Find Highly Interpretable Features in Language Models

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.222910Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.222910Z digest=sha256:dc0ef0ca1227155806adc71a25adb0369fc44b1d9deb00cd057450fd7950ad9c

Observation 403b2e07-2fd4-4dd3-822d-2a40ebd5498e · outbound

This paper cites On Interpretability of Deep Learning based Skin Lesion Classifiers using Concept Activation Vectors.

Concept Boundary Vectors On Interpretability of Deep Learning based Skin Lesion Classifiers using Concept Activation Vectors

Reference 13

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.286569Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.228256Z digest=sha256:d7fef20a74952f33950555166c9cbe14a5b57017b7adc8491c358d8a7bf6ced2

Observation ef3ab90f-66d4-48da-99a3-5b46a77186ac · outbound

This paper cites Adversarial TCAV -- Robust and Effective Interpretation of Intermediate Layers in Neural Networks.

Concept Boundary Vectors Adversarial TCAV -- Robust and Effective Interpretation of Intermediate Layers in Neural Networks

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.276521Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.276521Z digest=sha256:3fd4675d42450d5997d4a50f92355273ecb44da89fd222ee678afcedfa018898

Observation a5b56dc5-08f5-45c8-abe7-00bacace68fe · outbound

This paper cites Concept Activation Regions: A Generalized Framework For Concept-Based Explanations.

Concept Boundary Vectors Concept Activation Regions: A Generalized Framework For Concept-Based Explanations

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.381550Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.381550Z digest=sha256:3ab02c472190be48f54c0ccaf852d05114a1f5a170361fa049bac89b34ad7992

Observation eff5f4d7-9587-4984-86e4-5cc2d815dffb · outbound

This paper cites Topological Data Analysis of Decision Boundaries with Application to Model Selection.

Concept Boundary Vectors Topological Data Analysis of Decision Boundaries with Application to Model Selection

Reference 16

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.085824Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.476015Z digest=sha256:37b68141c03ed6404d4bf2749c8b21b4a47ba335bfa08b2a05ddd5b4d6aabf99

Observation 560e910d-1490-4107-8888-7d0196fce09a · outbound

This paper cites The Linear Representation Hypothesis and the Geometry of Large Language Models.

Concept Boundary Vectors The Linear Representation Hypothesis and the Geometry of Large Language Models

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.479969Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.479969Z digest=sha256:fe916816d66d4ef50f020676f361987e3d6c4e5b418ca8df3056d7b24d82a021

Observation 7ea64003-c981-412f-897a-e17ae5521e8f · outbound

This paper cites Emergent Linear Representations in World Models of Self-Supervised Sequence Models.

Concept Boundary Vectors Emergent Linear Representations in World Models of Self-Supervised Sequence Models

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.484985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.484985Z digest=sha256:d7c4f00422d4d32e839d329d7ad57c6266102d075d518a65e1083635056ad745

Observation 1ce7ff11-8885-481b-8593-92579be4d816 · outbound

This paper cites Inspecting and Editing Knowledge Representations in Language Models.

Concept Boundary Vectors Inspecting and Editing Knowledge Representations in Language Models

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.489620Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.489620Z digest=sha256:69a0da8e72cfb9f805f446852e9fe6471eb6a04ecdf67dccbb518a275b8bec51

Observation 4d73f532-65a5-40e5-95ba-a648fd88ca2d · outbound

This paper cites Local Interpretation of Transformer Based on Linear Decomposition.

Concept Boundary Vectors Local Interpretation of Transformer Based on Linear Decomposition

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.527202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.494720Z digest=sha256:a2c920675bc5d935315768cbdd77ba441971e6f6fbb37cd2dd8944d77c30ef17

Observation 9724cc3d-6b0f-46da-bae8-9c254c5c79f9 · outbound

This paper cites The mnist database of handwritten digit images for machine learning research.

Concept Boundary Vectors The mnist database of handwritten digit images for machine learning research

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.499067Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.499067Z digest=sha256:3ea10cd07a490dcc12fe43afeaff92f23d2f7611714d16a5789da49657052c7e

Observation acda81ee-883c-496d-8c1e-1bf887ac5139 · outbound

This paper cites An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale.

Concept Boundary Vectors An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.503360Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.503360Z digest=sha256:3b41377de26e45af99a5d273d2a24593f617b90944e746080233d617d92e388c

Observation d60010ab-29a5-4b19-983d-a580ba20fa9b · outbound

This paper cites Krizhevsky.

Concept Boundary Vectors Krizhevsky

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.503857Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.508497Z digest=sha256:7a7d225e8b5d389e73f9da49446c56ff428e57bfb3d59952283eb669a219cf3d

Observation 9dab9c1e-9597-4279-b77d-2e861a4dd77f · outbound

This paper cites Adam — PyTorch 2.4 documentation, 2023.

Concept Boundary Vectors Adam — PyTorch 2.4 documentation, 2023

Reference 24

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.488668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.513275Z digest=sha256:3fc1397c41eb6c0112b2c15afbc400018172b0f7b188ca14e615e8c5c83321b1

Observation 0dfb1c3f-f681-459b-a8eb-cff2ba99e7da · outbound

This paper cites Topological Methods for the Analysis of High Dimensional Data Sets and 3D Object Recognition.

Concept Boundary Vectors Topological Methods for the Analysis of High Dimensional Data Sets and 3D Object Recognition

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.471799Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.517232Z digest=sha256:8a99325e5133d9751c25d03b1bcab70477494798e51d1d64b0ae868a90588216

Observation 074c628b-cb4c-4b56-b740-95bd128beec4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Concept Boundary Vectors Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.459919Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.520755Z digest=sha256:8e9bf124c13b7946a45055972f763ec5c8a5417148402cef434251e75b66fafd

Observation a8856625-ad16-43e5-876e-9a39595d9f84 · outbound

This paper cites Explaining Explainability: Recommendations for Effective Use of Concept Activation Vectors.

Concept Boundary Vectors Explaining Explainability: Recommendations for Effective Use of Concept Activation Vectors

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.579927Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.579927Z digest=sha256:de6f3d30fd590bd58b0e13f7b021f65e75a4cf5ad85f72a95f36a1f5e1a4333c

Observation 2e16c64f-4925-4688-8947-17c7bb30c52a · outbound

This paper cites Topological Singularity Detection at Multiple Scales.

Concept Boundary Vectors Topological Singularity Detection at Multiple Scales

Reference 28

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.832810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.661627Z digest=sha256:b3331258f64922c0c614c0b71e302f137da62168779cf4fc427c6a80661764c6

Observation 3d789151-5810-4c90-954d-fc8695f8046d · outbound

This paper cites Towards Monosemanticity: Decomposing Language Models With Dictionary Learning.

Concept Boundary Vectors Towards Monosemanticity: Decomposing Language Models With Dictionary Learning

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.429608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.689477Z digest=sha256:ec6b08d86a1435424554f17d063ae8f19c2b27c66f5744053b1197ce371de317

Observation a2a8e8ee-8c6a-4cd5-bf6b-8ac5fdcad8ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Concept Boundary Vectors Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.383922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.694322Z digest=sha256:00f6701dcb8ffff0adff2ad2554d293c3bcae82d2a549c320af47b8f02fe73b8

Observation 38541357-4548-4617-a761-1c5a406f01e0 · outbound

This paper cites It is clear that Algorithm 1 is quadratic in the number of points in AC+ and AC−, however, there is also a burden imposed by the dimensionality of the latent representations.

Concept Boundary Vectors It is clear that Algorithm 1 is quadratic in the number of points in AC+ and AC−, however, there is also a burden imposed by the dimensionality of the latent representations

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:39.370128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.699481Z digest=sha256:b33132a8f1e44d562d4a9d5ec2d94ed0b5ab89d1e8e1c9b55690a7a992c69a30

Observation 12c26f90-066f-4032-95b8-db9885ccdf78 · outbound

This paper cites Interpretability Beyond Feature Attribution: Quantitative Testing with Concept Activation Vectors (TCAV).

Concept Boundary Vectors Interpretability Beyond Feature Attribution: Quantitative Testing with Concept Activation Vectors (TCAV)

Reference 2018

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:13:38.211995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:13:38.211995Z digest=sha256:db82375f2e048d23afb9ee0e44c83f67ea6b888ff0eccd9f70092d650562dd10

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.