High-Resolution Uplink Sensing in Millimeter-Wave ISAC Systems

J. Andrew Zhang; Jianguo Li; Liangbin Zhao; Xiangyuan Bu; Yimeng Feng; Zhitong Ni

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High-Resolution Uplink Sensing in Millimeter-Wave ISAC Systems

Liangbin Zhao, Zhitong Ni, Yimeng Feng, Jianguo Li, Xiangyuan Bu, J. Andrew Zhang

Signal Processing · Submitted 13 Mar 2025

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework and demonstrate its robustness in both low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions.

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arXiv ID2503.10107 (version 1)

Pith IDAIK4YNFN, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review

CitationJ. Andrew Zhang, Jianguo Li, Liangbin Zhao, Xiangyuan Bu, Yimeng Feng, Zhitong Ni. "High-Resolution Uplink Sensing in Millimeter-Wave ISAC Systems." arXiv:2503.10107 (2025). https://pith.science/paper/AIK4YNFN

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.14 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.05 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.06 · compares with prior results 0.10 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

Perceptive mobile networks (PMNs), integrating ubiquitous sensing capabilities into mobile networks, represent an important application of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in 6G. In this paper, we propose a practical framework for uplink sensing of angle-of-arrival (AoA), Doppler, and delay in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems, which addresses challenges posed by clock asynchrony and hybrid arrays, while being compatible with existing communication protocols. We first introduce a beam scanning method and a corresponding AoA estimation algorithm, which utilizes frequency smoothing to effectively estimate AoAs for both static and dynamic paths. We then propose several methods for constructing a ``clean'' reference signal, which is subsequently used to cancel the effect caused by the clock asynchrony. We further develop a signal ratio-based joint AoA-Doppler-delay estimator and propose an AoA-based 2D-FFT-MUSIC (AB2FM) algorithm that applies 2D-FFT operations on the signal subspace, which accelerates the computation process with low complexity. Our proposed framework can estimate parameters in pairs, removing the complicated parameter association process. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework and demonstrate its robustness in both low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	Perceptive mobile networks (PMNs), integrating ubiquitous sensing capabilities into mobile networks, represent an important application of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in 6G.	background 1.00	0.04	0.03	asserted 1.00
s1	In this paper, we propose a practical framework for uplink sensing of angle-of-arrival (AoA), Doppler, and delay in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems, which addresses challenges posed by clock asynchrony and hybrid arrays, while being compatible with existing communication protocols.	contribution 1.00	0.91	0.19	asserted 1.00
s2	We first introduce a beam scanning method and a corresponding AoA estimation algorithm, which utilizes frequency smoothing to effectively estimate AoAs for both static and dynamic paths.	method 0.87	0.93	0.04	asserted 1.00
s3	We then propose several methods for constructing a ``clean'' reference signal, which is subsequently used to cancel the effect caused by the clock asynchrony.	method 0.85	0.94	0.04	asserted 0.98
s4	We further develop a signal ratio-based joint AoA-Doppler-delay estimator and propose an AoA-based 2D-FFT-MUSIC (AB2FM) algorithm that applies 2D-FFT operations on the signal subspace, which accelerates the computation process with low complexity.	method 0.74	0.96	0.08	asserted 1.00
s5	Our proposed framework can estimate parameters in pairs, removing the complicated parameter association process.	contribution 0.82	0.90	0.16	asserted 0.98
s6	Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework and demonstrate its robustness in both low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions.	result 0.92	0.94	0.63	asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: method or tool 1.00 · evidence from simulation or computation 1.00.

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Original abstract

Perceptive mobile networks (PMNs), integrating ubiquitous sensing capabilities into mobile networks, represent an important application of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in 6G. In this paper, we propose a practical framework for uplink sensing of angle-of-arrival (AoA), Doppler, and delay in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems, which addresses challenges posed by clock asynchrony and hybrid arrays, while being compatible with existing communication protocols. We first introduce a beam scanning method and a corresponding AoA estimation algorithm, which utilizes frequency smoothing to effectively estimate AoAs for both static and dynamic paths. We then propose several methods for constructing a ``clean'' reference signal, which is subsequently used to cancel the effect caused by the clock asynchrony. We further develop a signal ratio-based joint AoA-Doppler-delay estimator and propose an AoA-based 2D-FFT-MUSIC (AB2FM) algorithm that applies 2D-FFT operations on the signal subspace, which accelerates the computation process with low complexity. Our proposed framework can estimate parameters in pairs, removing the complicated parameter association process. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework and demonstrate its robustness in both low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions.

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Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

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Cites as background 1 paper

To address the issue of clock asynchrony in uplink sensing, two primary categories of methods have been proposed: offset cancellation methods and offset estimating-and-compensating methods [ref] .

Sensing in Bi-Static ISAC Systems with Clock Asynchronism: A Signal Processing Perspective · Related Works · 0.81

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