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The most metal poor stars

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arxiv 2504.06335 v2 pith:D6H4DPYR submitted 2025-04-08 astro-ph.GA

classification astro-ph.GA
keywords starschemicalevolutionexpectmetalmetal-poormetallicitymodelling
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The most metal-poor stars found in the Galaxy and in nearby galaxies are witnesses of the early evolution of the Universe. In a general picture in which we expect the metallicity to increase monotonically with time, as a result of the metal production in stars, we also expect the most metal-poor stars to be the most primitive objects accessible to our observations. The abundance ratios in these stars provide us important information on the first generations of stars that synthesised the nuclei that we observe in these stars. Because they are so primitive the modelling of their chemical inventory can be often satisfactorily achieved by assuming that all the metals were produced in a single supernova, or just a few. This is simpler than modelling the full chemical evolution, using different sources, that is necessary at higher metallicity. The price to pay for this relative ease of interpretation is that these stars are extremely rare and require specifically tailored observational strategies in order to assemble statistically significant samples of stars. In this review we try to summarise the main observational results that have been obtained in the last ten years.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Searching for Population III stars with line intensity mapping cross-correlations

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Adding Pop III stars to the oLIMpus analytical framework shows that only next-generation instruments can detect the H-alpha/HeII cross-correlation and constrain the first stars' IMF.

  2. Discovery of an $\rm[Fe/H] \sim -4.8$ Star in $Gaia$ XP Spectra

    astro-ph.GA 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    GDR3_526285 is a red giant with [Fe/H] = -4.82 +/- 0.25, one of the most iron-poor stars known, whose carbon upper limit leaves open a rare non-carbon-enhanced origin.

  3. The Gaia RVS Benchmark Stars. III . Confirmed and New High Radial Velocity Stars From Gaia DR3

    astro-ph.GA 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    UVES spectroscopy confirms extreme Gaia radial velocities for 25 of 26 stars, all metal-poor and alpha-enhanced, with new neutron-capture abundances.

  4. Quantifying Element Importance for Mass Recovery from Population III Supernova Yield Fits

    astro-ph.SR 2026-03 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In mock yield-fitting experiments, C, N, Na, and K most strongly control recovery of Population III supernova progenitor masses, while the full measurable element set recovers mass to near 1% in-sample.

  5. 3D Non-LTE radiation transfer: theory and applications to stars, exoplanets, and kilonovae

    astro-ph.SR 2025-11 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    A field review of 3D non-LTE radiative transfer argues that 1D LTE treatments of stellar, exoplanet, and kilonova spectra carry systematic abundance biases that 3D NLTE modeling can now remove.

  6. The DECam MAGIC Survey: Spectroscopic Follow-up of the Most Metal-Poor Stars in the Distant Milky Way Halo

    astro-ph.GA 2025-06

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