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Search for Axions in Magnetic White Dwarf Polarization at Lick and Keck Observatories
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abstract
We present the most sensitive search to date for light axion-like particles with masses below a micro-eV, using spectropolarimetric data collected from the Lick and Keck Observatories. The conversion of optical photons emitted from the surface of a magnetic white dwarf (MWD) into axions in the strong magnetic field around the star induces a nearly wavelength-independent linear polarization in the observed starlight. We analyze the Stokes parameters $(U, Q, I)$ measured with the Kast spectrograph at the Lick Observatory toward the MWDs SDSS J033320+000720 and ZTF J190132+145807, and with the LRISp-ADC instrument at the Keck Observatory toward ZTF J190132+145807, SDSS J002129+150223, and SDSS J100356+053825 to search for this effect. The data show no evidence of axion-induced linear polarization, and we set world-leading constraints on the axion-photon coupling $|g_{a\gamma\gamma}| \lesssim 1.7 \times 10^{-12} \,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ at the $95\%$ confidence level for masses $m_a \lesssim 2 \times 10^{-7}\,\mathrm{eV}$.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Time-Domain Axion Searches with Magnetic White Dwarfs
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Axion lines from nuclear de-excitations in galactic stellar populations
No 14.4 keV axion line from 57Fe de-excitations is seen by NuSTAR toward M87, M82, M31, or the Galactic Center, yielding |g_ann x g_aγγ| < 1.1e-22 GeV^-1 for m_a < 1e-10 eV.
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Echoes in multi-ALP scenarios
In coherent multi-ALP models, axion echo power scales linearly with the number of ALPs, while incoherent (random-phase) models yield signals no stronger than the single-ALP case.
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Circular polarization effects induced by photon-axion mixing in astrophysical environments
The paper derives analytic circular-polarization signals from photon-axion mixing and uses the blazar S4 0954+65 optical circular-polarization limit to bound g_aγγ around 10^-12 to 10^-11 GeV^-1 for ultralight axion masses.
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