Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-22T16:04:15.040529Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 13 of 13 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.02781.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-22T16:04:15.040529Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
13 of 13 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 57e4fdae-7ba8-4736-b427-5b6113739fa2 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Judea Pearl
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f2b6773d-548a-42fd-bfb5-db1c760a1a9b · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Thomas Verma and Judea Pearl
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c816babb-50f4-40cc-9020-45f147092d22 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects SinceDPNepA,G iq, there exists noZĂVsuch that pA | ùD|Zq Gi
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation b1416648-8767-4e40-8178-0876e41d4685 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Then, sample a random permutationσoft1,¨ ¨ ¨,|V|uto define a topological (causal) order
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation ddaf37aa-699e-415f-8b9c-c66b9d0d034f · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Search for a pair of variablespX,Yqsuch that (i) XÑYis in the DAG (to ensure the existence of a direct effect) and (ii) all adjacents ofYare oriented in the essential graph
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f4392ecd-89eb-4dc8-9844-7db02f65740a · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects The final graph thus guarantees that the direct effect fromXtoYis identifiable
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 1d993ed9-cd0f-437d-b1fb-9ac6d834b749 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 2067a68e-0a78-4ae3-9f04-220599c1c56e · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects This guarantees thatCDEpx,x 1,yqisnotidentifiable, according to Theorem 5.4 of [Flanagan, 2020]
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation ef34e59f-2b69-48ab-b1c8-28add015ec67 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects The data is then simulated using the linear/non-linear SCM procedure described below
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation efbdfc25-e01b-42d9-8300-bf6046c32782 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 5f3eb191-56e9-44ef-80c7-4b85773d22ef · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation e74debfa-a55f-4041-a02c-6fc2f44b693a · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects For thenonlinearcase, we simulate binary variables to model categorical data commonly encountered in practice
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c4acd470-dd18-4d15-bf4e-7409ca25b740 · outbound
Local Markov Equivalence for PC-style Local Causal Discovery and Identification of Controlled Direct Effects Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.