Pith. sign in

REVIEW 66 references

Van der Waals devices for surface-sensitive experiments

T0 review · reviewed 2026-08-07 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read A stencil-lithography and gold-assisted exfoliation method produces van der Waals devices with clean surfaces that allow simultaneous transport measurements and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

arxiv 2505.14003 v2 pith:SBCAFR2C submitted 2025-05-20 cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.str-elphysics.app-ph

Nicolai Taufertshöfer , Corinna Burri , Rok Venturini , Iason Giannopoulos , Sandy Adhitia Ekahana , Enrico Della Valle , Anže Mraz , Yevhenii Vaskivskyi
show 6 more authors
Jan Lipic Alexei Barinov Dimitrios Kazazis Yasin Ekinci Dragan Mihailovic Simon Gerber
This is my paper · ORCID
classification cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-elphysics.app-ph
keywords devicessurface-sensitivecontactselectricalapproachelectronicexfoliationexperiments
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

Making electrical contacts to atomically thin materials usually involves polymer lithography, which leaves a dirty residue that spoils surface measurements like angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The authors avoid this by cutting the metal pattern with a silicon shadow mask instead of resist. They deposit gold contacts through the mask, then press a bulk crystal of 1T-TaS2 onto the contacts using sticky tape. Within minutes, the sample is moved into an ultra-high vacuum chamber. There, the tape is peeled off, cleaving the crystal so a fresh flake stays on the gold contacts. Because the peeling happens in vacuum, the measured surface is clean, and the pre-patterned gold pads act as electrical contacts. The authors show that the resulting devices work electrically: a two-terminal device shows the expected metal-insulator transition when cooled and can be switched by a current pulse into the metastable hidden state. Spatially resolved ARPES on the same device resolves the valence band structure, and a monolayer region shows a modified core-level spectrum attributed to charge transfer from gold. A single device serves as the main demonstration, and flake positions are random, so the yield of usable devices is not quantified. Still, the method satisfies three requirements that previously could not be met together: thin flakes, micron-scale contacts, and clean surfaces.
Extended reading notes

Core claim

The resist-free fabrication method simultaneously provides (i) thin uniform flakes down to the monolayer, (ii) micron-scale electrical contacts, and (iii) pristine surfaces through UHV exfoliation, enabling combined transport and ARPES on the same vdW device with contact resistances of order 10 Ω and spectroscopic quality comparable to bulk crystals (abstract and Section 3).

Load-bearing premise

The method assumes that tape peeling inside an ultra-high vacuum chamber exposes a pristine flake surface even after the tape-wrapped assembly was transported under ambient conditions, and that this holds for vdW materials beyond 1T-TaS2. The clean-surface claim is directly demonstrated in ARPES only for 1T-TaS2; the transport and ARPES evidence comes from a single device (Figs. 2 and 3), and the paper notes exfoliation is non-deterministic with random flake positions (Section 2.1).

Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Signed reviews

No signed human review yet.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Assumptions & free parameters 2 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The central claim is an experimental demonstration, so it rests mainly on domain assumptions about gold-assisted exfoliation and UHV cleaning, plus standard analysis tools. Analysis-level fit parameters (Voigt profiles, k-means) are documented but do not drive the central claim.

free parameters (2)
  • Voigt profile peak positions and widths for Ta 4f7/2 fits = Bulk: A -23.0 eV, B -23.1 eV, C -23.7 eV; Gaussian and Lorentzian widths constrained to <=0.2 eV
    Fit parameters in the ARPES core-level analysis; initial positions are taken from a bulk crystal study (ref 64) and allowed to vary by ±0.2 eV. They support the interpretation of the spectra but are not load-bearing for the central fabrication claim.
  • k-means cluster number k = k = 3
    Chosen via the elbow method on the within-cluster sum of squares (Fig. S4). Used to spatially separate bulk, monolayer, and gold regions in the ARPES map. Non-load-bearing for the main claim.
assumptions (4)
  • domain assumption Freshly evaporated Au strongly adheres to chalcogen atoms, enabling gold-assisted exfoliation; airborne contamination within minutes degrades this adhesion.
    Relies on prior work (refs 22-27) and is the physical basis for the 5-minute transfer window in Section 2.1 and Experimental methods, Material transfer.
  • domain assumption Peeling the tape in UHV exposes a pristine flake surface without introducing contamination from tape or ambient exposure.
    Central premise of the method; demonstrated for 1T-TaS2 via ARPES quality, but assumed to generalize to other vdW materials. Enters in Section 2.1 and Fig. 1c-d.
  • domain assumption The three Voigt components in Ta 4f7/2 correspond to the three Ta sites of the star-of-David CDW distortion, as established in bulk crystals.
    Used to interpret bulk and monolayer spectra (Section 2.2, core-level analysis); based on refs 33 and 64. Not load-bearing for the fabrication claim.
  • standard math K-means clustering with the elbow method gives a meaningful spatial partition of the ARPES map.
    Standard unsupervised learning technique; used for spatial averaging in Section 4, Core-level analysis.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Van der Waals devices for surface-sensitive experiments." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/SBCAFR2C

@misc{pith2026250514003,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Van der Waals devices for surface-sensitive experiments},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/SBCAFR2C}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2505.14003}
}
abstract

In-operando characterization of van der Waals (vdW) devices using surface-sensitive methods provides critical insights into phase transitions and correlated electronic states. Yet, integrating vdW materials in functional devices while maintaining pristine surfaces is a key challenge for combined transport and surface-sensitive experiments. Conventional lithographic techniques introduce surface contamination, limiting the applicability of state-of-the-art spectroscopic probes. We present a stencil lithography-based approach for fabricating vdW devices, producing micron-scale electrical contacts, and exfoliation in ultra-high vacuum. The resist-free patterning method utilizes a shadow mask to define electrical contacts and yields thin flakes down to the single-layer regime via gold-assisted exfoliation. As a demonstration, we fabricate devices from 1$T-$TaS$_2$ flakes, achieving reliable contacts for application of electrical pulses and resistance measurements, as well as clean surfaces allowing for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The approach provides a platform for studying the electronic properties of vdW systems with surface-sensitive probes in well-defined device geometries.

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

66 extracted references · 50 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    Cao et al

    author author Y. Cao et al. ,\ title title Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26160 journal journal Nature \ volume 556 ,\ pages 43 ( year 2018 ) NoStop

    doi:10.1038/nature26160 2018

  2. [2]

    Radisavljevic , author A

    author author B. Radisavljevic , author A. Radenovic , author J. Brivio , author V. Giacometti ,\ and\ author A. Kis ,\ title title Single-layer MoS 2 transistors ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2010.279 journal journal Nat. Nanotechnol. \ volume 6 ,\ pages 147 ( year 2011 ) NoStop

    doi:10.1038/nnano.2010.279 2010

  3. [3]

    author author J. T. \ Ye et al. ,\ title title Superconducting dome in a gate-tuned band insulator ,\ https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1228006 journal journal Science \ volume 338 ,\ pages 1193 ( year 2012 ) NoStop

    work page doi:10.1126/science.1228006 2012

  4. [4]

    Stojchevska et al

    author author L. Stojchevska et al. ,\ title title Ultrafast switching to a stable hidden quantum state in an electronic crystal ,\ https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1241591 journal journal Science \ volume 344 ,\ pages 177 ( year 2014 ) NoStop

    doi:10.1126/science.1241591

  5. [5]

    Venturini et al

    author author R. Venturini et al. ,\ title title Electrically driven non-volatile resistance switching between charge density wave states at room temperature ,\ note arXiv:2412.13094 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2412.13094 NoStop

    arXiv doi:10.48550/arxiv.2412.13094

  6. [6]

    \ Yin , author S

    author author J.-X. \ Yin , author S. H. \ Pan ,\ and\ author M. Zahid Hasan ,\ title title Probing topological quantum matter with scanning tunnelling microscopy ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00293-7 journal journal Nat. Rev. Phys. \ volume 3 ,\ pages 249 ( year 2021 ) NoStop

    work page doi:10.1038/s42254-021-00293-7

  7. [7]

    author author J. A. \ Sobota , author Y. He ,\ and\ author Z.-X. \ Shen ,\ title title Angle-resolved photoemission studies of quantum materials ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025006 journal journal Rev. Mod. Phys. \ volume 93 ,\ pages 025006 ( year 2021 ) NoStop

    doi:10.1103/revmodphys.93.025006

  8. [8]

    Castellanos-Gomez et al

    author author A. Castellanos-Gomez et al. ,\ title title Deterministic transfer of two-dimensional materials by all-dry viscoelastic stamping ,\ https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/1/1/011002 journal journal 2D Mater. \ volume 1 ,\ pages 011002 ( year 2014 ) NoStop

    doi:10.1088/2053-1583/1/1/011002

Show all 66 references
  1. [9]

    Lisi et al

    author author S. Lisi et al. ,\ title title Observation of flat bands in twisted bilayer graphene ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-01041-x journal journal Nat. Phys. \ volume 17 ,\ pages 189 ( year 2021 ) NoStop

    2021 doi

  2. [10]

    Masubuchi et al

    author author S. Masubuchi et al. ,\ title title Dry pick-and-flip assembly of van der Waals heterostructures for microfocus angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14845-z journal journal Sci. Rep. \ volume 12 ,\ pages 10936 ( year 2022...

    doi

  3. [11]

    Wang et al

    author author W. Wang et al. ,\ title title Clean assembly of van der Waals heterostructures using silicon nitride membranes ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-023-01075-y journal journal Nat. Electron. \ volume 6 ,\ pages 981 ( year 2023 ) NoStop

    doi

  4. [12]

    author author C. T. \ Suen et al. ,\ title title Electronic response of a Mott insulator at a current-induced insulator-to-metal transition ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02629-3 journal journal Nat. Phys. \ volume 20 ,\ pages 1757 ( year 2024 ) NoStop

    doi

  5. [13]

    Nitzav et al

    author author Y. Nitzav et al. ,\ title title Emergence of a Fermi -surface in the current-driven hidden state of 1T--TaS 2 ,\ note arXiv:2407.05535 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.05535 NoStop

    doi arXiv

  6. [14]

    Cao et al

    author author Y. Cao et al. ,\ title title Quality heterostructures from two-dimensional crystals unstable in air by their assembly in inert atmosphere ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00648 journal journal Nano Lett. \ volume 15 ,\ pages 4914 ( year 2015 ) NoStop

    doi

  7. [15]

    Masubuchi et al

    author author S. Masubuchi et al. ,\ title title Autonomous robotic searching and assembly of two-dimensional crystals to build van der Waals superlattices ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03723-w journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 9 ,\ pages 1413 ( year 2018 ) NoStop

    doi

  8. [16]

    Gant et al

    author author P. Gant et al. ,\ title title A system for the deterministic transfer of 2D materials under inert environmental conditions ,\ https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab72d6 journal journal 2D Mater. \ volume 7 ,\ pages 025034 ( year 2020 ) NoStop

    doi

  9. [17]

    Patil et al

    author author V. Patil et al. ,\ title title Pick-up and assembling of chemically sensitive van der Waals heterostructures using dry cryogenic exfoliation ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58935-6 journal journal Sci. Rep. \ volume 14 ,\ pages 11097 ( year 2024 ) NoStop

    doi

  10. [18]

    Guo et al

    author author S. Guo et al. ,\ title title An ultra-high vacuum system for fabricating clean two-dimensional material devices ,\ https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0110875 journal journal Rev. Sci. Instrum. \ volume 94 ,\ pages 013903 ( year 2023 ) NoStop

    doi

  11. [19]

    author author G. Z. \ Magda et al. ,\ title title Exfoliation of large-area transition metal chalcogenide single layers ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14714 journal journal Sci. Rep. \ volume 5 ,\ pages 14714 ( year 2015 ) NoStop

    2015 doi

  12. [20]

    author author S. B. \ Desai et al. ,\ title title Gold-mediated exfoliation of ultralarge optoelectronically-perfect monolayers ,\ https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201506171 journal journal Adv. Mater. \ volume 28 ,\ pages 4053 ( year 2016 ) NoStop

    doi

  13. [21]

    Velick \'y et al

    author author M. Velick \'y et al. ,\ title title Mechanism of gold-assisted exfoliation of centimeter-sized transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b06101 journal journal ACS Nano \ volume 12 ,\ pages 10463 ( year 2018 ) NoStop

    doi

  14. [22]

    Huang et al

    author author Y. Huang et al. ,\ title title Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16266-w journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 11 ,\ pages 2453 ( year 2020 ) NoStop

    2020 doi

  15. [23]

    Ishigami , author J

    author author M. Ishigami , author J. H. \ Chen , author W. G. \ Cullen , author M. S. \ Fuhrer ,\ and\ author E. D. \ Williams ,\ title title Atomic structure of graphene on SiO 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/nl070613a journal journal Nano Lett. \ volume 7 ,\ pages 1643 ( year ...

    doi

  16. [24]

    Wang et al

    author author L. Wang et al. ,\ title title One-dimensional electrical contact to a two-dimensional material ,\ https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244358 journal journal Science \ volume 342 ,\ pages 614 ( year 2013 ) NoStop

    2013 doi

  17. [25]

    author author F. L. \ Givens \ and\ author G. E. \ Fredericks ,\ title title Thermal expansion of NbSe 2 and 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(77)90008-7 journal journal J. Phys. Chem. Solids \ volume 38 ,\ pages 1363 ( year 1977 ) NoStop

    doi

  18. [26]

    author author A. C. \ Johnston \ and\ author S. I. \ Khondaker ,\ title title Can Metals Other than Au be Used for Large Area Exfoliation of MoS 2 Monolayers ? ,\ https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202200106 journal journal Adv. Mater. Interfaces \ volume 9 ,\ pages 2200106 ( year 2...

    doi

  19. [27]

    Smith ,\ title title The hydrophilic nature of a clean gold surface ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(80)90348-3 journal journal J

    author author T. Smith ,\ title title The hydrophilic nature of a clean gold surface ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(80)90348-3 journal journal J. Colloid Interface Sci. \ volume 75 ,\ pages 51 ( year 1980 ) NoStop

    1980 doi

  20. [28]

    Fazekas \ and\ author E

    author author P. Fazekas \ and\ author E. Tosatti ,\ title title Electrical, structural and magnetic properties of pure and doped 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1080/13642817908245359 journal journal Philos. Mag. B \ volume 39 ,\ pages 229 ( year 1979 ) NoStop

    doi

  21. [29]

    Perfetti et al

    author author L. Perfetti et al. ,\ title title Time evolution of the electronic structure of 1T--TaS 2 through the insulator-metal transition ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.067402 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 97 ,\ pages 067402 ( year 2006 ) NoStop

    doi

  22. [30]

    Ligges et al

    author author M. Ligges et al. ,\ title title Ultrafast doublon dynamics in photoexcited 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.166401 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 120 ,\ pages 166401 ( year 2018 ) NoStop

    2018 doi

  23. [31]

    author author C. J. \ Butler , author M. Yoshida , author T. Hanaguri ,\ and\ author Y. Iwasa ,\ title title Mottness versus unit-cell doubling as the driver of the insulating state in 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16132-9 journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volum...

    doi

  24. [32]

    Hua et al

    author author N. Hua et al. ,\ title title Effect of interlayer stacking on the electronic properties of 1T--TaS 2 ,\ note arXiv:2503.24124 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.24124 NoStop

    doi

  25. [33]

    Wilson , author F

    author author J. Wilson , author F. Di Salvo ,\ and\ author S. Mahajan ,\ title title Charge-density waves and superlattices in the metallic layered transition metal dichalcogenides ,\ https://doi.org/10.1080/00018737500101391 journal journal Adv. Phys. \ volume 24 ,\ pages 11...

    doi

  26. [34]

    author author H. P. \ Hughes \ and\ author R. A. \ Pollak ,\ title title Charge density waves in layered metals observed by X-ray photoemission ,\ https://doi.org/10.1080/00318087608227726 journal journal Philos. Mag. A \ volume 34 ,\ pages 1025 ( year 1976 ) NoStop

    doi

  27. [35]

    Sipos et al

    author author B. Sipos et al. ,\ title title From Mott state to superconductivity in 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2318 journal journal Nat. Mater. \ volume 7 ,\ pages 960 ( year 2008 ) NoStop

    2008 doi

  28. [36]

    Klanj s ek et al

    author author M. Klanj s ek et al. ,\ title title A high-temperature quantum spin liquid with polaron spins ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4212 journal journal Nat. Phys. \ volume 13 ,\ pages 1130 ( year 2017 ) NoStop

    2017 doi

  29. [37]

    Chen et al

    author author H. Chen et al. ,\ title title Spectroscopic Evidence for Possible Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in a Two-Dimensional Mott Insulator ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.066402 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 134 ,\ pages 066402 ( year 2025 ) NoStop

    doi

  30. [38]

    Vaskivskyi et al

    author author I. Vaskivskyi et al. ,\ title title Fast electronic resistance switching involving hidden charge density wave states ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11442 journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 7 ,\ pages 11442 ( year 2016 ) NoStop

    doi

  31. [39]

    Stahl et al

    author author Q. Stahl et al. ,\ title title Collapse of layer dimerization in the photo-induced hidden state of 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15079-1 journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 11 ,\ pages 1247 ( year 2020 ) NoStop

    doi

  32. [40]

    Maklar et al

    author author J. Maklar et al. ,\ title title Coherent light control of a metastable hidden state ,\ https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi4661 journal journal Sci. Adv. \ volume 9 ,\ pages eadi4661 ( year 2023 ) NoStop

    2023 doi

  33. [41]

    Burri et al

    author author C. Burri et al. ,\ title title Non-destructive imaging of bulk electrical 'hidden' state switching in a 1T--TaS 2 cryo-memory device ,\ note arXiv:2411.04830 https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.04830 NoStop

    doi

  34. [42]

    Vaskivskyi et al

    author author I. Vaskivskyi et al. ,\ title title Controlling the metal-to-insulator relaxation of the metastable hidden quantum state in 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500168 journal journal Sci. Adv. \ volume 1 ,\ pages e1500168 ( year 2015 ) NoStop

    doi

  35. [43]

    Venturini et al

    author author R. Venturini et al. ,\ title title Ultraefficient resistance switching between charge ordered phases in 1T--TaS 2 with a single picosecond electrical pulse ,\ https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0096850 journal journal Appl. Phys. Lett. \ volume 120 ,\ pages 253510 ( year ...

    doi

  36. [44]

    Mraz et al

    author author A. Mraz et al. ,\ title title Charge configuration memory devices: Energy efficiency and switching speed ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01116 journal journal Nano Lett. \ volume 22 ,\ pages 4814 ( year 2022 ) NoStop

    doi

  37. [45]

    Cattelan \ and\ author N

    author author M. Cattelan \ and\ author N. A. \ Fox ,\ title title A perspective on the application of spatially resolved ARPES for 2D materials ,\ https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8050284 journal journal Nanomaterials \ volume 8 ,\ pages 284 ( year 2018 ) NoStop

    doi

  38. [46]

    \ Lim , author S

    author author C.-y. \ Lim , author S. Kim , author S. W. \ Jung , author J. Hwang ,\ and\ author Y. Kim ,\ title title Recent technical advancements in ARPES : Unveiling quantum materials ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2024.01.010 journal journal Curr. Appl. Phys. \ volume 6...

    doi

  39. [47]

    Gray \ and\ author P

    author author S. Gray \ and\ author P. K. \ Weimer ,\ title title Production of fine patterns by evaporation ,\ @noop journal journal RCA Review \ volume 20 ,\ pages 413 ( year 1959 ) NoStop

    1959

  40. [48]

    author author L. N. \ Dunkleberger ,\ title title Stencil technique for the preparation of thin-film josephson devices ,\ https://doi.org/10.1116/1.569443 journal journal J. Vac. Sci. Technol. \ volume 15 ,\ pages 88 ( year 1978 ) NoStop

    doi

  41. [49]

    author author Y. X. \ Zhou , author A. T. \ Johnson , author J. Hone ,\ and\ author W. F. \ Smith ,\ title title Simple fabrication of molecular circuits by shadow mask evaporation ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/nl034512y journal journal Nano Lett. \ volume 3 ,\ pages 1371 ( year ...

    doi

  42. [50]

    Vazquez-Mena , author L

    author author O. Vazquez-Mena , author L. Gross , author S. Xie , author L. Villanueva ,\ and\ author J. Brugger ,\ title title Resistless nanofabrication by stencil lithography: A review ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2014.08.003 journal journal Microelectron. Eng. \ volume...

    doi

  43. [51]

    \"O zyilmaz et al

    author author B. \"O zyilmaz et al. ,\ title title Focused-ion-beam milling based nanostencil mask fabrication for spin transfer torque studies ,\ https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2711785 journal journal J. Appl. Phys. \ volume 101 ,\ pages 063920 ( year 2007 ) NoStop

    doi

  44. [52]

    Vazquez-Mena et al

    author author O. Vazquez-Mena et al. ,\ title title Metallic nanowires by full wafer stencil lithography ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/nl801778t journal journal Nano Lett. \ volume 8 ,\ pages 3675 ( year 2008 ) NoStop

    2008 doi

  45. [53]

    author author J. R. \ Bates , author Y. Miyahara , author J. A. J. \ Burgess , author \'O . Iglesias-Freire ,\ and\ author P. Gr \"u tter ,\ title title Effect of using stencil masks made by focused ion beam milling on permalloy nanostructures ,\ https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4...

    doi

  46. [54]

    author author G. J. \ Burger et al. ,\ title title High-resolution shadow-mask patterning in deep holes and its application to an electrical wafer feed-through ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-4247(97)80035-0 journal journal Sens. Actuators A: Phys. \ volume 54 ,\ pages 669 ( ...

    doi

  47. [55]

    author author C. W. \ Park , author O. V. \ Mena ,\ and\ author J. Brugger ,\ title title Patterning of parallel nanobridge structures by reverse nanostencil lithography using an edge-patterned stencil ,\ https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/18/4/044002 journal journal Nanotechno...

    doi

  48. [56]

    Villanueva et al

    author author G. Villanueva et al. ,\ title title Etching of sub-micrometer structures through stencil ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2007.12.068 journal journal Microelectron. Eng. \ volume 85 ,\ pages 1010 ( year 2008 ) NoStop

    2007 doi

  49. [57]

    Xu et al

    author author J. Xu et al. ,\ title title Deep-reactive ion etching of silicon nanowire arrays at cryogenic temperatures ,\ https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0166284 journal journal Appl. Phys. Rev. \ volume 11 ,\ pages 021411 ( year 2024 ) NoStop

    doi

  50. [58]

    Clerc et al

    author author F. Clerc et al. ,\ title title Lattice-distortion-enhanced electron-phonon coupling and Fermi surface nesting in 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.74.155114 journal journal Phys. Rev. B \ volume 74 ,\ pages 155114 ( year 2006 ) NoStop

    doi

  51. [59]

    author author Y. D. \ Wang et al. ,\ title title Band insulator to Mott insulator transition in 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18040-4 journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 11 ,\ pages 4215 ( year 2020 ) NoStop

    2020 doi

  52. [60]

    author author H. F. \ Yang et al. ,\ title title Visualization of chiral electronic structure and anomalous optical response in a material with chiral charge density waves ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.156401 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 129 ,\ pages ...

    doi

  53. [61]

    Qi et al

    author author W. Qi et al. ,\ title title Temperature induced, reversible switching of ferro-rotational order coupled to superlattice commensuralibity ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02546 journal journal Nano Lett. \ volume 24 ,\ pages 13134 ( year 2024 ) NoStop

    doi

  54. [62]

    author author A. K. \ Jain , author M. N. \ Murty ,\ and\ author P. J. \ Flynn ,\ title title Data clustering: A review ,\ https://doi.org/10.1145/331499.331504 journal journal ACM Comput. Surv. \ volume 31 ,\ pages 264 ( year 1999 ) NoStop

  55. [63]

    author author D. A. \ Shirley ,\ title title High-resolution X-ray photoemission spectrum of the valence bands of gold ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.5.4709 journal journal Phys. Rev. B \ volume 5 ,\ pages 4709 ( year 1972 ) NoStop

    doi

  56. [64]

    Wang et al

    author author Y. Wang et al. ,\ title title Dualistic insulator states in 1T--TaS 2 crystals ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47728-0 journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 15 ,\ pages 3425 ( year 2024 ) NoStop

    2024 doi

  57. [65]

    author author E. S. \ Bozin et al. ,\ title title Crystallization of polarons through charge and spin ordering transitions in 1T--TaS 2 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42631-6 journal journal Nat. Commun. \ volume 14 ,\ pages 7055 ( year 2023 ) NoStop

    doi

  58. [66]

    Todeschini , author A

    author author M. Todeschini , author A. Bastos Da Silva Fanta , author F. Jensen , author J. B. \ Wagner ,\ and\ author A. Han ,\ title title Influence of Ti and Cr adhesion layers on ultrathin Au films ,\ https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b10136 journal journal ACS Appl. Mater....

    doi

Pith tools

Reviewed August 7, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.