Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 36 of 36 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.19973.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.19973 v1

Coverage vector

measured 36 of 36 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:01.393974Z

measured 37 of 37 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-10T15:21:11.287455Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T10:41:07.580051Z

Reference resolution

36 of 36 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy6
unresolved18
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier3
metadata mismatch5

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 8e7400f4-1739-431f-b46a-09b65903ab69 · outbound

This paper cites In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), Datasets and Benchmarks Track (2024).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37 (NeurIPS 2024), Datasets and Benchmarks Track (2024)

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:09.459205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7c401da4-505c-4185-88f3-09e4dca02f06 · outbound

This paper cites The DeepSpeak Dataset.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response The DeepSpeak Dataset

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:21.909923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ce3740db-48bf-4642-80df-11a6ad02864e · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 8th International Con- ference on Information Systems Security and Privacy.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Proceedings of the 8th International Con- ference on Information Systems Security and Privacy

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:09.244776Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 42bfa150-170b-405d-be2d-e18e8abd04f9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:08.864757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 56870997-740c-4c89-8fb4-37d16de7c9d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:06.944745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c8fbc282-17a1-4067-81e6-1c9bb0a5c761 · outbound

This paper cites In: Al-Onaizan, Y., Bansal, M., Chen, Y.N.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Al-Onaizan, Y., Bansal, M., Chen, Y.N

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:22.268933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 686507d1-4c77-4c22-a672-4981dd42c0e7 · outbound

This paper cites Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems5, 1–46 (2025).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2025.01.001.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems5, 1–46 (2025).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iotcps.2025.01.001

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:22.387683Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 522d94ff-2cf8-4a0a-b126-814867508d6f · outbound

This paper cites IEEE Access12, 23733–23750 (2024).https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response IEEE Access12, 23733–23750 (2024).https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS

Reference 8

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:22.483604Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4857d67b-0746-4bc9-ad44-c737b17a1ac4 · outbound

This paper cites FrontierMath: A Benchmark for Evaluating Advanced Mathematical Reasoning in AI.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response FrontierMath: A Benchmark for Evaluating Advanced Mathematical Reasoning in AI

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:22.589495Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d5079905-c200-4c49-bdcf-a3a00b93d006 · outbound

This paper cites Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation38, 301264 (Sep 2021).https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2021.301264.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation38, 301264 (Sep 2021).https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2021.301264

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:06.382074Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ac2167b3-5f91-457d-99b2-919a03ed2e68 · outbound

This paper cites Packt Publishing, Birm- ingham, England, 2 edn.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Packt Publishing, Birm- ingham, England, 2 edn

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:08.564416Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e35c8751-ab69-4505-8fde-fc46e66d96df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:22.852771Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0c4b10b2-35ba-456a-a8fa-bc92a2cab5d7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:08.114762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9e7c063d-4d7d-4325-bfa6-57f05b040eb7 · outbound

This paper cites IEEE Networking Letters4(3), 162–166 (Sep 2022).https://doi.org/10.1109/ LNET.2022.3185553 14 B.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response IEEE Networking Letters4(3), 162–166 (Sep 2022).https://doi.org/10.1109/ LNET.2022.3185553 14 B

Reference 14

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:06.053146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 72a33af0-4852-4e67-99d9-f8b2a6b444e6 · outbound

This paper cites In: GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:23.148460Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1a0a9d54-458c-4caf-b6ba-91cb97dc44b2 · outbound

This paper cites Computers14(2), 67(Feb2025).https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14020067, number: 2 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Computers14(2), 67(Feb2025).https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14020067, number: 2 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:02.304749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 22996b99-e82f-405c-810c-79745a1871aa · outbound

This paper cites Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation48, 301683 (Mar 2024).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation48, 301683 (Mar 2024)

Reference 18

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:05.635934Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e6d8b77f-7fc2-4c84-bca1-87ff85087c27 · outbound

This paper cites Ad Hoc Networks174, 103840 (Jul 2025).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Ad Hoc Networks174, 103840 (Jul 2025)

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:59.482147Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 044247eb-f8c9-4e0d-8efa-6cdf17a71cdd · outbound

This paper cites Computer Networks227, 109688 (May 2023).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2023.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Computer Networks227, 109688 (May 2023).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2023

Reference 20

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:02.097738Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e2e559d2-a13e-442e-b6e0-aaa4a46e923e · outbound

This paper cites In: 2024 5th International Conference in Electronic Engineering, Information Technology & Education (EEITE).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: 2024 5th International Conference in Electronic Engineering, Information Technology & Education (EEITE)

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:59.724751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3ac27fb3-1426-47d9-9540-d256df0ae217 · outbound

This paper cites IEEE Software40(3), 4–8 (2023).https: //doi.org/10.1109/MS.2023.3248401.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response IEEE Software40(3), 4–8 (2023).https: //doi.org/10.1109/MS.2023.3248401

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:08:59.798695Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d3630059-5892-48b5-a009-7b699e10ae81 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Em- pirical Methods in Natural Language Processing.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Em- pirical Methods in Natural Language Processing

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:07.830251Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a1959e6e-bbdc-4ade-a614-fe6958d5d6b9 · outbound

This paper cites Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation46, 301609 (Oct 2023).https://doi.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation46, 301609 (Oct 2023).https://doi

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:00.014749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0c74d775-9016-4dce-a428-bfd8ed546358 · outbound

This paper cites Forensic Science International: DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating LLMs in DFIR 15 Digital Investigation52, 301872 (Mar 2025).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Forensic Science International: DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating LLMs in DFIR 15 Digital Investigation52, 301872 (Mar 2025).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi

Reference 26

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:00.264750Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 85a067d4-6cd1-4b97-82c1-89b6252237ea · outbound

This paper cites EURASIP Journal on Information Security 2017(1), 15 (Oct 2017).https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-017-0067-2.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response EURASIP Journal on Information Security 2017(1), 15 (Oct 2017).https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-017-0067-2

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:01.953142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f040064d-e91f-473a-a599-44e0a74bf403 · outbound

This paper cites Computers and Electrical Engineering124, 110307 (2025).https://doi.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Computers and Electrical Engineering124, 110307 (2025).https://doi

Reference 28

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:04.234750Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0247944f-51a0-41c1-bd3e-770c7270a65d · outbound

This paper cites https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.03100.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.03100

Reference 29

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:01.800745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7d854e0d-28d3-41c4-81fc-89bda38cd9f1 · outbound

This paper cites In: 2024 IEEE Interna- tional Conference on Big Data (BigData).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: 2024 IEEE Interna- tional Conference on Big Data (BigData)

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:00.598209Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3ec31bb7-ac50-4844-8102-82982d5a4821 · outbound

This paper cites In: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:00.641388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1b4fafc2-d381-4dc3-a0d5-33a84d82a272 · outbound

This paper cites In: Ideas That Cre- ated the Future, pp.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Ideas That Cre- ated the Future, pp

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:07.574818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 35d555da-003d-4796-af14-32b1c69a8536 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:00.925258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d499b04-88be-4839-bfbb-c7e9997de976 · outbound

This paper cites In: Linzen, T., Chrupała, G., Alishahi, A.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Linzen, T., Chrupała, G., Alishahi, A

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:00.994772Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 19180516-dd0c-4787-8f96-833fe3e02d5a · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 31st Inter- national Conference on Computational Linguistics.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Proceedings of the 31st Inter- national Conference on Computational Linguistics

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:07.253729Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 4c631ead-22b0-454f-bfe9-5ca53e402b26 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the Digital Forensics Doctoral Sym- posium.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: Proceedings of the Digital Forensics Doctoral Sym- posium

Reference 36

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:03.280184Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1497f6d1-788d-4d2c-90cb-1fd6a276aad2 · outbound

This paper cites In: 2024 12th International Sympo- sium on Digital Forensics and Security (ISDFS).

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response In: 2024 12th International Sympo- sium on Digital Forensics and Security (ISDFS)

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:01.314815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4eaaa9b9-46bd-4c3d-98e5-f2b8a6a11824 · outbound

This paper cites Digital Forensics in the Age of Large Language Models.

DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response Digital Forensics in the Age of Large Language Models

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:09:01.393974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 3ee7520f-eeab-46dd-a785-7edb08ccdea1 · inbound

SIR-Bench: Evaluating Investigation Depth in Security Incident Response Agents cites this paper.

SIR-Bench: Evaluating Investigation Depth in Security Incident Response Agents DFIR-Metric: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Digital Forensics and Incident Response

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T10:41:07.583631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.