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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education?

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 44 of 44 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.21775.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.21775 v1

Coverage vector

measured 44 of 44 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:50.023940Z

measured 49 of 49 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 5 of 5 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T13:10:46.717855Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-01T15:05:47.326506Z

Reference resolution

44 of 44 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact2
  • verified fuzzy19
  • unresolved20
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier3
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 80ef1f2a-03f4-405e-a3cf-f5e5ae60cc56 · outbound

This paper cites Ilker, Jannis Kurtz, and Donato Maragno.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Ilker, Jannis Kurtz, and Donato Maragno

Reference 1

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.402453Z digest=sha256:454d15d5458d0afb6b9de82601efbf17a39ba522472b0a4e734a8701b58a3dde

Observation 5ffde1ee-efe1-4195-9893-2076cffb8016 · outbound

This paper cites Nl4opt competition: Formulating optimization problems based on their natural language descriptions.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Nl4opt competition: Formulating optimization problems based on their natural language descriptions

Reference 2

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:54.418414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.478304Z digest=sha256:7f3caf443bb08eb6be67125e223c2ba8f570a89917833a2c0099221a0ecd2744

Observation ace8216d-df0f-4894-bbb4-3e5f6cd910b8 · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-experts: When llms meet complex operations research problems.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Chain-of-experts: When llms meet complex operations research problems

Reference 3

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:54.307556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.550296Z digest=sha256:7c3862e1e045afa8c665e4776bdbfa624ac8172f1d56ed513a7026cc2dc91ead

Observation a519d0d4-25d1-40a9-bc64-3446174fe3b2 · outbound

This paper cites LLMs for Mathematical Modeling: Towards Bridging the Gap between Natural and Mathematical Languages.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? LLMs for Mathematical Modeling: Towards Bridging the Gap between Natural and Mathematical Languages

Reference 4

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:46.623366Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.623366Z digest=sha256:c995ec3cd2270fa5d3771092ea149c65147fd582782110ee11cf69bbdec17ca1

Observation 32f282ce-80f7-436f-aad6-813467eb1b1a · outbound

This paper cites Towards human-aligned evaluation for linear programming word problems.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Towards human-aligned evaluation for linear programming word problems

Reference 5

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:54.195233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.700484Z digest=sha256:9dde4795d42db362493b4b50d29e0619851a6744c970527e4519b723fbe5a923

Observation dde48be6-b2e9-4551-8b39-57123d5f6e5b · outbound

This paper cites (how) do reasoning models reason? Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2025.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? (how) do reasoning models reason? Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2025

Reference 6

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:46.813332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.813332Z digest=sha256:6c4cfbfaa254f3b2a6084c1081da2ff5cb0d4ce6fcbdc3096e593305534bb19c

Observation 4f8318b2-8117-4a3f-b42c-2079f0df8113 · outbound

This paper cites Rlsf: Reinforcement learning via symbolic feedback.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Rlsf: Reinforcement learning via symbolic feedback

Reference 7

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:46.897428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.897428Z digest=sha256:594be0f0d8cede5df227bea810938dfb401823b364686bddc4beddfd04edb7ad

Observation ca402e7e-7fda-4177-b443-913ad8913f16 · outbound

This paper cites OptiMUS-0.3: Using Large Language Models to Model and Solve Optimization Problems at Scale.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? OptiMUS-0.3: Using Large Language Models to Model and Solve Optimization Problems at Scale

Reference 8

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:46.959700Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:46.959700Z digest=sha256:b29162f6b20559267006f195b919b1d79ad32b361109322525e1a26a9aa52ec2

Observation 743bf790-aac0-47d3-8fc7-09cd025068a4 · outbound

This paper cites Holy Grail 2.0: From Natural Language to Constraint Models.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Holy Grail 2.0: From Natural Language to Constraint Models

Reference 9

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:47.065915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.065915Z digest=sha256:0f607b67b9882ee35885941332e37ca9601155948d28f540141c248dc6ef4f59

Observation 525f4f2b-b5ee-475d-a2a2-048d0ec47a7a · outbound

This paper cites i want it that way.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? i want it that way

Reference 10

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:54.074118Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.134376Z digest=sha256:5d8115d24e619126c2ea7af2b4d8636b246a9ad81905af27bb95e62f98f5083e

Observation bd3dc9d9-2612-48f4-bc09-06c7cad7dcbf · outbound

This paper cites Llms for cold-start cutting plane separator configuration.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Llms for cold-start cutting plane separator configuration

Reference 11

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:47.186403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.186403Z digest=sha256:203af694d9955eca3ebe8231535b08408c4564307aec6cf5d030e18f65c768c7

Observation 129fa2ca-69e4-4bba-8e4c-0cff1cf7bf08 · outbound

This paper cites Diagnosing infeasible optimization problems using large language models.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Diagnosing infeasible optimization problems using large language models

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:53.849399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.257818Z digest=sha256:ed33524c219626f8ba89c0e4dcaa04fc8cc1e9abec11a8cf9d1c9d4c1ed65f1c

Observation 8424c496-7184-44d8-807a-b6318cb76e08 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models as Optimizers.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Large Language Models as Optimizers

Reference 13

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:47.309880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.309880Z digest=sha256:762f8bc2372f86bdd5ccb0367cf791b19927298552b22a37dfccc898bc85f0a8

Observation 30449209-ab63-4d1d-a4e5-2af368cda11b · outbound

This paper cites Llm based math tutoring: Challenges and dataset, 2024.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Llm based math tutoring: Challenges and dataset, 2024

Reference 14

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:53.705484Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.348126Z digest=sha256:012319dc201a94dd15be375b0903d2eced9b1ae578b2a12d3a6e5de481149805

Observation 5f1e3534-2f89-4ec3-bcc9-2f4a381ebff4 · outbound

This paper cites Mathtutorbench: A benchmark for measuring open-ended pedagogical capabilities of llm tutors.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Mathtutorbench: A benchmark for measuring open-ended pedagogical capabilities of llm tutors

Reference 15

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:47.428359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.428359Z digest=sha256:2a8019028a26368185cb0b85bcf793021d931de3d8e5fc38974b1524709e068b

Observation 6dc1a02e-216c-40f0-ac39-062d741c6f00 · outbound

This paper cites Using large language models for grading in education: an applied test for physics.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Using large language models for grading in education: an applied test for physics

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:53.472970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.495904Z digest=sha256:af561d9b0ab1d6a5909e7672d1a70a2bb7c96bb4bc22a8eed5ad2082915b6137

Observation a95d9c55-6bb2-4165-97ef-368f3ae4aa89 · outbound

This paper cites Large language models in power engineering education: A case study on solving optimal dispatch coursework problems.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Large language models in power engineering education: A case study on solving optimal dispatch coursework problems

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:53.299312Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.551126Z digest=sha256:79c57209df25dfdfb837b3d9d9e70dc99bb7068b47ffffeb6073145bef90b417

Observation 9cd5f25d-fde6-4c90-8542-3e24607872bc · outbound

This paper cites Introduction to linear optimization.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Introduction to linear optimization

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:53.190477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.601092Z digest=sha256:15614f0541b01ad2b2ccb9b6d7a314682e9096517d3151a7f05419ebef06c75f

Observation 19484734-39c9-4c6e-873f-57bd3968b19e · outbound

This paper cites On the linear programming approach to asset valuation.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? On the linear programming approach to asset valuation

Reference 19

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:53.083707Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.643209Z digest=sha256:ecad607094efaa49e45bbede15eba17c3969e0584c66b1ec1f81233f696aebf2

Observation c3af580a-35cf-40af-816d-a59f3cf4fd81 · outbound

This paper cites Augmenting Operations Research with Auto-Formulation of Optimization Models from Problem Descriptions.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Augmenting Operations Research with Auto-Formulation of Optimization Models from Problem Descriptions

Reference 20

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.678377Z digest=sha256:d486aa94afd45daeaf185a90246da9ebc56da4068f53038996c2a4dc93c9a89b

Observation fa0c90b4-dbce-4b30-b811-b18a8bb1e187 · outbound

This paper cites Synthesis of Mathematical programs from Natural Language Specifications.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Synthesis of Mathematical programs from Natural Language Specifications

Reference 21

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.791220Z digest=sha256:d044f7293185e3c091f6d1b6c60339cc70aa6575095029c6a13c63de459d9bce

Observation d4c7b34c-e998-4a20-9b19-604a8e3b5f27 · outbound

This paper cites Orlm: A customizable framework in training large models for automated optimization modeling.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Orlm: A customizable framework in training large models for automated optimization modeling

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.961156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:47.917976Z digest=sha256:3321b2d2a226469380902158dd36895ce3b3d38f98a200537062f2f9d3368c73

Observation 7821b4e9-4b6c-4ed0-aa1e-b232e3d100e1 · outbound

This paper cites Defining and characterizing reward gaming.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Defining and characterizing reward gaming

Reference 23

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:48.035635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.035635Z digest=sha256:fce31aece1aa30a2f610534ad1415de8ed54d6c774e62594cc7f76b67fe87e9c

Observation fda30eaf-8510-460c-8f0b-63e72d65989c · outbound

This paper cites Computing convex hulls and counting integer points with polymake.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Computing convex hulls and counting integer points with polymake

Reference 24

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.866446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.132112Z digest=sha256:fccab526c63b6c6d7b8fa55a99c63d0f40547078831933c1f5b34210739e7d1d

Observation c984b8e6-ff35-4ed2-87df-4e60f95880a8 · outbound

This paper cites Exact combinatorial optimization with graph convolutional neural networks.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Exact combinatorial optimization with graph convolutional neural networks

Reference 25

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:48.260558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.260558Z digest=sha256:a3289c687c7a4f02a94452f48b94a2add6c85e949745590b077ad1f097968f18

Observation a9e9f73c-a47f-4112-8f29-318788dc153e · outbound

This paper cites Hybrid models for learning to branch.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Hybrid models for learning to branch

Reference 26

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:48.389720Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.389720Z digest=sha256:c46172aca5afc49276629b78f388067eafc5bb879ea26b92c947047baa12c169

Observation 10ae28cf-eadf-4ab5-a4f0-6edca9068c58 · outbound

This paper cites jump-dev/dualization.jl: v0.6.0, May 2025.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? jump-dev/dualization.jl: v0.6.0, May 2025

Reference 27

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verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:50.103223Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.476845Z digest=sha256:c73d2c07757e58a21169795895138e529701e6a70d816e15c53d861f307f7846

Observation e5a6c4ee-d29e-4cb1-9446-be2b21b5ca3b · outbound

This paper cites Partnership for an Advanced Computing Environment (PACE) , 2017.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Partnership for an Advanced Computing Environment (PACE) , 2017

Reference 28

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.778290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.606208Z digest=sha256:89dacc7ea4c8dcd797295798b3f3aab0a57f7fb0bb0687573dc122a7598193dd

Observation 70465860-baaa-4709-b87e-b4634045b152 · outbound

This paper cites Sensible rules for remembering duals—the sob method.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Sensible rules for remembering duals—the sob method

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.688890Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.746552Z digest=sha256:b8c0ea599c96f26941a66ac64913414c35e5d765ec9317317fb097ccf84c3d66

Observation bf6030b3-5003-4b2e-b9bb-22b4805bbc66 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.587286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.831413Z digest=sha256:eee993c0216025d792ed1b5474687818274d39bf6f67869604e4b38575857b2f

Observation 530dcdb1-cff5-47d7-8174-bab479b9e1d0 · outbound

This paper cites version 7.10.0 (R2010a).

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? version 7.10.0 (R2010a)

Reference 31

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.521701Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:48.926504Z digest=sha256:8aa35b3b19cf887ac9067a084fffa5e603f2bb3f6394d3605d75c61839d66855

Observation 94457126-a0fc-4d9c-815a-c50e6565b781 · outbound

This paper cites JuMP 1.0: Recent improvements to a modeling language for mathe- matical optimization.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? JuMP 1.0: Recent improvements to a modeling language for mathe- matical optimization

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:49.070504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.070504Z digest=sha256:2e4fa4b8822a8cedb79b258b6ff2afe6e18973dca7e9f13e89fbfaf76d6d9ef4

Observation 17b83233-eb4a-4778-8e5a-ac5c2eb1a5fd · outbound

This paper cites Julia: A fresh approach to numerical computing.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Julia: A fresh approach to numerical computing

Reference 33

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:49.168212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.168212Z digest=sha256:d650ea9b2893c60d94f0e3b14413b5abaf6199318d68f14d848e3739b1caa27e

Observation 2a68f10f-7b6f-48c5-b41d-c2e6d116d755 · outbound

This paper cites Decision Information Meets Large Language Models: The Future of Explainable Operations Research.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Decision Information Meets Large Language Models: The Future of Explainable Operations Research

Reference 34

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:50.163457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.286842Z digest=sha256:642f67b61b0174d4905ac0a00344c829b96b1890bb9d3d26eceabcdfc74c54b6

Observation 8b508ced-2e3f-4753-8840-8a1f8e291014 · outbound

This paper cites GeCO, 2023.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? GeCO, 2023

Reference 35

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.407122Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.395775Z digest=sha256:e2778b87689c15d9da926d40b7d8368dc584b308f527d48f5966c366371cd8fd

Observation 5a2877ca-8009-4a13-9f13-b331e77f0bb3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

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unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.299280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.528123Z digest=sha256:7182cac32ebd2ff8c056e59a4cd6e0147d9a2c7cf8e52c42175ba956b539046f

Observation a12e2252-6809-4218-a4df-f81399959855 · outbound

This paper cites The example below will use the sign convention yj ≥ 0 ∀j ∈ I≤, yj ≤ 0 ∀j ∈ I≥, yj ∈ R ∀j ∈ I= which corresponds to residual convention bj − a⊤ j x.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? The example below will use the sign convention yj ≥ 0 ∀j ∈ I≤, yj ≤ 0 ∀j ∈ I≥, yj ∈ R ∀j ∈ I= which corresponds to residual convention bj − a⊤ j x

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.191477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.630659Z digest=sha256:73b9b1cfc3dc8680443350aabbc951509d56f5de41865ee2ccaca499103687eb

Observation febe6e0d-50fb-4816-a20c-e51d7461a696 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:52.099138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.771254Z digest=sha256:ebd469d079507a0985158ab4acd11f89a678c0aa3a1994dc22978ed4c19b4bc6

Observation 406ed528-5489-4b44-b2d1-1eefdce763b4 · outbound

This paper cites yj ≥ 0 ∀j ∈ I≤ yj ≤ 0 ∀j ∈ I≥ yj ∈ R ∀j ∈ I= =⇒ max y b⊤y s.t.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? yj ≥ 0 ∀j ∈ I≤ yj ≤ 0 ∀j ∈ I≥ yj ∈ R ∀j ∈ I= =⇒ max y b⊤y s.t

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:51.970446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.817286Z digest=sha256:5349d6dfbf4de165b646c19e43768c9d9f9e3c96e1815071b367cba56ed923a7

Observation 9532cb6b-5e81-43f2-95ba-27f42e3fc98f · outbound

This paper cites This is due to the fact that variable bounds are included in the constraint nodes.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? This is due to the fact that variable bounds are included in the constraint nodes

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:51.711452Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.845296Z digest=sha256:dcffbe5f77d86af7c3be27fa8d2edbb56dd48155250b8d21cb8a597f6760ac80

Observation 716728aa-4e13-4284-ad4e-74f096237710 · outbound

This paper cites This allows to consider equivalent lj ≤ a⊤ j x ≤ uj ⇐ ⇒ −uj ≤ −a⊤ j x ≤ −lj and a⊤ j x = bj ⇐ ⇒ −a⊤ j x = −bj.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? This allows to consider equivalent lj ≤ a⊤ j x ≤ uj ⇐ ⇒ −uj ≤ −a⊤ j x ≤ −lj and a⊤ j x = bj ⇐ ⇒ −a⊤ j x = −bj

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:51.551884Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.888830Z digest=sha256:c07d7b0fe7df5f427c14fa0f32c6e4ff05434845b175a04bc43d0c685a1ed002

Observation 4bba6c96-c4e8-4d86-be9d-217ede48cc67 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:51.355748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.933389Z digest=sha256:ede3f661aeba61bedf681d61ceb81fef600996bef97ca09b85f22f5701128a16

Observation 3967289e-227d-4fba-9d1b-135715a4803d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:51.243538Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:49.978960Z digest=sha256:b7900c5922b58b256972491a7b5db7a1ef44f3cc6cb28e883fae661117373b95

Observation 7f0902be-3d68-4a59-a40c-24e11da01c81 · outbound

This paper cites know” how to dualize an LP, the authors prompt and manually evaluate each model’s response to “How do you convert a primal linear program to its dual?.

DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education? know” how to dualize an LP, the authors prompt and manually evaluate each model’s response to “How do you convert a primal linear program to its dual?

Reference 44

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:26:51.069537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:26:50.023940Z digest=sha256:b2c747a91afab5c3030536bc4b9a03bbd01bbc502d3f778777c3a4d06bc0cf2d

Pith citing papers

Observation e34b5869-58d2-4d90-ba23-c8250f91cccb · inbound

VArsity: Can Large Language Models Keep Power Engineering Students in Phase? cites this paper.

VArsity: Can Large Language Models Keep Power Engineering Students in Phase? DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education?

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T13:10:46.717855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T13:10:46.717855Z digest=sha256:b2c40fe359e540c753bfa4822f10fa22b8f0181f2469b677d42b74a4a6aa9577

Observation e07bfb65-d1f3-421f-a13f-875e48e8c0dd · inbound

LISTEN to Your Preferences: An LLM Framework for Multi-Objective Selection cites this paper.

LISTEN to Your Preferences: An LLM Framework for Multi-Objective Selection DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education?

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T07:40:00.713203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-04T07:40:00.713203Z digest=sha256:eb2adbb4824994b989066926e5e580db33f9f6dfff9609f58f616ff32cdcb3b8

Observation c293a48a-2710-4545-bc38-0c6f252f6ee4 · inbound

Democratizing Large-Scale Re-Optimization with LLM-Guided Model Patches cites this paper.

Democratizing Large-Scale Re-Optimization with LLM-Guided Model Patches DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education?

Reference 21

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T10:08:12.214458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-20T10:07:01.820644Z digest=sha256:77b3b5b3737400843e31c181d5d1cbe86bdcfee952463f3e32826500431b580a

Observation fac8aae6-c9df-4a6c-9081-b5f37c618ba9 · inbound

Democratizing Large-Scale Re-Optimization with LLM-Guided Model Patches cites this paper.

Democratizing Large-Scale Re-Optimization with LLM-Guided Model Patches DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education?

Reference 4

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T15:05:47.327809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-30T18:21:03.906132Z digest=sha256:b011ed9cabb45d04001ff5eaf3e6c59ee271c5342c8ce2842f9a813896fc555a

Observation 7155b2db-790f-4164-b0a8-7c089d515a24 · inbound

Falsification-Based Verification of LLM-Generated Optimization Models: Sound Test Batteries and Their Detection Limits cites this paper.

Falsification-Based Verification of LLM-Generated Optimization Models: Sound Test Batteries and Their Detection Limits DualSchool: How Reliable are LLMs for Optimization Education?

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T20:26:11.551420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-01T20:26:11.551420Z digest=sha256:6fffd0fdec5b3f45c847156d1dcb079c82842bed1c6e43244bdfb7713eaa4c00