Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:42:02.726920Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 54 of 54 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.09958.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:42:02.726920Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T15:57:51.206063Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-12T03:56:21.604762Z
54 of 54 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 1c52b270-b9ff-4969-b23b-a8c9878cbd98 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Foundation metrics for evaluating effectiveness of healthcare conversations powered by generative AI.npj Digital Med., 7(82):1–14, March 2024
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a2c6ce8e-7a85-4ee8-bff5-7d04aa538d59 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learning
Reference 2
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a011d625-0122-4965-8059-336b9f3babff · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy A deep learning framework for quality assessment and restoration in video endoscopy.arXiv, April 2019
Reference 3
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 742143e1-a8a9-4ca3-8b5c-06eadc2925fb · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9b01ca2c-d2e7-4f42-b1c4-a6b01b57a0d9 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Vision–Language Model for Visual Question Answering in Medical Imagery.Bioengineering, 10(3):380, March 2023
Reference 5
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c8071b00-5997-42eb-b362-7c04b953944f · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Smedsrud, Steven Hicks, Debesh Jha, Sigrun L
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c193399a-2514-4e52-8e1b-6bf57876587d · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Iglovikov, and Alexandr A
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4b9b7d8e-612e-4d26-8bcb-8f5485610ce8 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations
Reference 8
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b1d98937-3b9b-4a47-92f4-fc1afd4bd9c3 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy R-LLaVA: Improving Med-VQA Understanding through Visual Region of Interest
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e0f0c41c-5985-4413-907c-2d2629c589ea · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Generative Models in Medical Visual Question Answering: A Survey.Appl
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a3b1350f-f88c-4339-96fa-4f4a2a8c620f · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy LLM-based NLG Evaluation: Current Status and Challenges.Computational Linguistics, pages 1–27, 2025
Reference 11
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1c7bb54d-d855-4835-93c3-d9ae3e933a37 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Hicks, Vajira Thambawita, P ˚ al Halvorsen, and Michael A
Reference 12
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b8cbc6fb-8c62-40bc-bf01-60df620470cb · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Medgemma hugging face, May 2025
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 2d9bf78c-e0a5-4e92-8415-b4f5e3352157 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy LaPA: Latent Prompt Assist Model For Medical Visual Question Answering
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 059da0cf-f138-4789-8bb7-8129831f33a1 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy DiN: Diffusion Model for Robust Medical VQA with Semantic Noisy Labels
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 73acb3fc-ee4d-4efb-9116-8e12b4afe5dd · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Vision-language models for medical report generation and visual question answering: a review.Front
Reference 16
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ce258bb0-d390-4241-ad2d-c3a69acb344b · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy DeBERTaV3: Improving DeBERTa using ELECTRA-Style Pre-Training with Gradient-Disentangled Embedding Sharing
Reference 17
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ba445f8d-489f-472a-be4c-234269813756 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Overview of imageclefmedical 2023-medical visual question answering for gastrointestinal tract
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 0dc39b54-26f4-4063-9f9c-6e19054be7dc · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models
Reference 20
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8aee339d-ca74-4715-94d7-19d6be5718b2 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Summers, and Yingying Zhu
Reference 21
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 84594a3c-9911-445d-91f4-5d41e69b0f21 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sadman Hafiz, Jamin Rahman Jim, Md
Reference 22
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eff2e767-9c63-482a-920e-2a60e8a62874 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Hicks, Vajira Thambawita, Enrique Garcia-Ceja, Michael A
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation bb2fe99e-3373-4845-ab3f-2a81e219314a · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Lau, Soumya Gayen, Asma Ben Abacha, and Dina Demner-Fushman
Reference 24
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d8645d43-43fa-4eed-ad94-0683aa80f03b · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Meteor: an automatic metric for MT evaluation with high levels of correlation with human judgments
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9b4184d9-7b52-4b7d-a755-5e76e336007f · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy LLaVA-Med: Training a Large Language-and-Vision Assistant for Biomedicine in One Day
Reference 26
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6374a26f-cdb1-4954-b58a-21362fd715d5 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Less Could Be Better: Parameter-efficient Fine-tuning Advances Medical Vision Foundation Models
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5f2a347e-1273-423f-8ea4-455a9a976e34 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Candidate-Heuristic In-Context Learning: A new framework for enhancing medical visual question answering with LLMs.Information Processing & Management, 61(5):103805, September 2024
Reference 28
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b3ee46df-b7b5-4e5a-86c2-0948147c2b90 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Rouge: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries
Reference 29
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2c6ec00c-b26a-4396-806b-9c645233b806 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Medical visual question answering: A survey.Artif
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 4927d41e-e237-47b8-aa8b-a2ea1a5640b1 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Slake: A Semantically-Labeled Knowledge-Enhanced Dataset For Medical Visual Question Answering
Reference 31
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 454e4dff-4980-4af8-8a5a-ac47abd2aee0 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Visual Instruction Tuning
Reference 32
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 35c11c11-694e-4dd3-92a9-a62c5d80325b · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Peft: State-of- the-art parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 2f0cbe2a-c590-420f-9b06-cbd8b6b11149 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Med-Flamingo: a Multimodal Medical Few-shot Learner
Reference 35
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 27c44666-2662-4c50-8ac3-b0c032f09de0 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 36
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 63bbee4d-3107-4a92-94b2-4d782acf47e3 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Chaudhari, et al
Reference 37
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation de414271-f059-4fcd-86d9-dd21f162ea55 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy BLEU: a method for automatic evaluation of ma- chine translation
Reference 38
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c9f0e415-519b-4534-b083-ff7561b001d0 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy chrF: character n-gram F-score for automatic MT evaluation.ACL Anthology, pages 392–395, September
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 71e43144-29fe-42b6-bee7-f243b85df2ec · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Models
Reference 40
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 12a40f5f-3c5e-486e-86aa-fae06d9bfec2 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Vision-Language and Large Language Model Performance in Gastroenterology: GPT, Claude, Llama, Phi, Mistral, Gemma, and Quantized Models
Reference 41
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3d5da4d0-b840-4da3-a59f-969e4b5f2476 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy BLEURT: Learning Robust Metrics for Text Generation
Reference 42
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 24d49581-6a9f-44fb-848d-238a30735c5b · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Pfohl, Heather Cole-Lewis, et al
Reference 43
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c7b19ffe-ac7f-4563-9322-33b9c37baa25 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Qwen3 Technical Report
Reference 44
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ea035ea9-0fd3-475e-bb1f-20b208f33a15 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sanders, Yuchen Liu, Kennarey Seang, Bach Xuan Tran, Atanas G
Reference 45
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 61c26755-4ced-440d-9ee4-61af9d046faf · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Wilkinson, Michel Dumontier, IJsbrand Jan Aalbersberg, Gabrielle Appleton, Myles Axton, Arie Baak, Niklas Blomberg, Jan-Willem Boiten, Luiz Bonino da Silva Santos, Philip E
Reference 46
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fab20e9a-a383-49f6-9eb6-f9752df995cf · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation e22cee96-9e5c-420f-825a-ebdb89da6b06 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Methods for Pretrained Language Models: A Critical Review and Assessment
Reference 48
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ede2d0b1-2c9f-4fa3-b54b-9e6713528d75 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy MedFrameQA: A Multi-Image Medical VQA Benchmark for Clinical Reasoning.arXiv, May 2025
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f5190ec1-fb2e-44d6-8a72-8eb1b5c4be42 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Fine-grained Adaptive Visual Prompt for Generative Medical Visual Question Answering.AAAI, 39(9):9662–9670, April 2025
Reference 50
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5f569dee-710c-4b5a-8fbc-8f61c8bd0d7e · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Medical Visual Question Answering via Conditional Reasoning
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 9685044a-1a2a-4a01-b705-e61c3f63213f · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT
Reference 52
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fb0332a3-b5c3-4810-82d8-acbe4ada430d · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy PMC-VQA: Visual Instruction Tuning for Medical Visual Question Answering
Reference 53
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 24983bd3-10c5-4138-8d99-7ff0ad5ad655 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy SWIFT:A Scalable lightWeight Infrastructure for Fine-Tuning
Reference 54
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9973781f-b476-41fa-82b6-60c86ed56032 · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unresolved cited work
Reference 2015
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7fd676bb-74cc-4ad6-8035-32ac396b560a · outbound
Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unresolved cited work
Reference 2020
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f0beebc1-9999-4b7e-97b3-738c0a256f0c · inbound
Multimodal AI for Gastrointestinal Diagnostics: Tackling VQA in MEDVQA-GI 2025 Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 16a6d077-dde9-4722-9d55-5f74cf186cc2 · inbound
RadThinking: A Dataset for Longitudinal Clinical Reasoning in Radiology Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation e4faedd8-0162-413c-94cc-6b6cde36c72b · inbound
Measuring and Improving Complex-Atomic Answer Consistency in Endoscopic VQA Kvasir-VQA-x1: A Multimodal Dataset for Medical Reasoning and Robust MedVQA in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.