Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 44 of 44 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.15142.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.15142 v1

Coverage vector

measured 44 of 44 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.273948Z

measured 44 of 44 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

44 of 44 outbound references displayed

verified exact13
verified fuzzy3
unresolved27
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 0a854c4f-7ed3-4509-a504-cff5615798ec · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.811926Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 13631996-1da7-4eb6-907b-f9b0bdfddb8f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.820824Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8120e398-3f4c-41ce-8d4a-23d99e84abaa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.003250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5c6de0a1-19a9-4809-b6c6-d89f46715378 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.788340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f9fd8234-8c16-4985-8030-c563a976b856 · outbound

This paper cites https://library.bu.edu/amharic/Home Research: Language Learning - Amharic : Home.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script https://library.bu.edu/amharic/Home Research: Language Learning - Amharic : Home

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.773826Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a9211c13-4e53-4dec-9ad8-f512de91bb64 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.025800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ca2cdbfb-e94f-445f-b2e2-6e97e59ae0cc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.739739Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f077b3c0-9ff6-44c3-8c23-b1a32281d6df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.039450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 00fd5d1b-94c3-4dca-be01-be87781f14fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.346390Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 51449f42-da9b-459b-8e4d-4fba99ab9f17 · outbound

This paper cites The Effect of Normalization for Bi-directional Amharic-English Neural Machine Translation.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script The Effect of Normalization for Bi-directional Amharic-English Neural Machine Translation

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.750669Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 93183377-9526-48ac-9ef1-33fc709a938f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.726748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6bca7b68-93d5-4b63-b3d0-ab9eb11a12f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.218512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4167ea88-9312-4d33-9bdb-b61345c1d67a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.708587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 942ceccd-9511-435e-86ff-82a194ab5302 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.127446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2f200bb2-d4f9-4ffb-b5d0-dd09afada326 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.718079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2bb97dab-a6dd-4f90-a800-a6803de7d0d9 · outbound

This paper cites The African Stopwords project: curating stopwords for African languages.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script The African Stopwords project: curating stopwords for African languages

Reference 16

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.682344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7fd87283-ea4a-4e6e-b4f4-79e297460a45 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.695741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ae103bf8-90bf-4c3b-96d3-01deadee94f3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.666652Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c516be50-763d-452e-84ba-b4c343cd5b70 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.633414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 77f522e9-7538-4964-9c08-dbe541e01abb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.136184Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5be86d29-97a4-4b1b-bf61-66cb84817111 · outbound

This paper cites Adapting Multilingual LLMs to Low-Resource Languages using Continued Pre-training and Synthetic Corpus.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Adapting Multilingual LLMs to Low-Resource Languages using Continued Pre-training and Synthetic Corpus

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.141138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 883b2241-938b-4dab-aeea-42c0de47c669 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.608110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 23dc69ec-0f2b-4151-8153-379fa5718d5d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.610892Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cb065b93-f782-4a59-aa83-954bca3b8bab · outbound

This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.155619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5b7af85c-accd-498b-9907-7780b2e1a36e · outbound

This paper cites Low Resource Neural Machine Translation: A Benchmark for Five African Languages.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Low Resource Neural Machine Translation: A Benchmark for Five African Languages

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.167016Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3ce9ec18-8f97-4579-8332-25147d2cfc2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.589434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f3047ca5-dab9-4efd-ab10-c6b5a1bcf318 · outbound

This paper cites https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/homophone Definition of HOMOPHONE.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/homophone Definition of HOMOPHONE

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.562503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 739bef5b-c895-4dd0-bee1-276bae7a2498 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.537291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7dc3186e-dc77-4d00-b610-7dcaada0b889 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.186970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 95ce616f-c305-4d4a-8695-a36885c97d25 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.527468Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 0aeea043-6925-4ad9-85a1-14c4cfc40122 · outbound

This paper cites No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.200235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dbe86d87-509b-4985-a01b-8b57e5bbcb72 · outbound

This paper cites Structural Irregularities within the English Language : Implications for Teaching and Learning in Second Language Situations.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Structural Irregularities within the English Language : Implications for Teaching and Learning in Second Language Situations

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.516716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f545f541-2d2b-46c3-9664-a6e1ecee9e66 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.213417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 72ec0469-320d-4db9-897a-8b81ade286c4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.218704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 28c6f3ca-2c22-45f6-99c2-f9f4a65a0d31 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.223828Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 09119411-3c03-4ecc-afda-da12061195c7 · outbound

This paper cites Global MMLU: Understanding and Addressing Cultural and Linguistic Biases in Multilingual Evaluation.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Global MMLU: Understanding and Addressing Cultural and Linguistic Biases in Multilingual Evaluation

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.229321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2c5ae620-57ce-4119-8668-2a0725687f7f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.384326Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 284b732c-fd11-4101-b79c-e35933afa5fa · outbound

This paper cites van Dijk, Merel van Witteloostuijn, Nada Vasić, Sergey Avrutin, and Elma Blom.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script van Dijk, Merel van Witteloostuijn, Nada Vasić, Sergey Avrutin, and Elma Blom

Reference 38

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.362781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c81e7eeb-3d99-4813-a0fb-fce999e99b88 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:17.493284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation fda4634e-d181-43e8-979d-256762fedb51 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.252336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e947dbc1-f820-4d9e-a1b1-88ff9cb10702 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.258512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 97585911-00e3-43d9-a01f-c5c39c134caf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.327063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 71cf4ff5-794e-4961-9eaa-8c98503c4d8d · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.268249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e7f69510-ffb1-49c5-bc61-308f74a093a5 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

A Case Against Implicit Standards: Homophone Normalization in Machine Translation for Languages that use the Ge'ez Script write newline

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:44:16.273948Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.