Pith. sign in

REVIEW 4 major objections 3 minor 50 references

Monte Carlo study of KDAR $\nu_{\mu}$ charged-current scattering on carbon

T0 review · 4 major / 3 minor · reviewed 2026-08-05 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

Pith's one-line read KDAR neutrino energy reconstruction is shaped more by nuclear models than by the basic scattering process.

desk verdict Useful three-generator comparison for JSNS² missing energy, but the "NuWro best" ranking rests on comparison details the abstract doesn't state. read the letter →

arxiv 2508.07772 v2 pith:AOVIUQD7 submitted 2025-08-11 hep-ph hep-ex

Ritesh Kumar Pradhan , Ralte Lalnuntluanga , Anjan Giri This is my paper
classification hep-phhep-ex
keywords KDARneutrinoscharged-currentscatteringcarbonnucleusmissingenergyreconstructionfinal-stateinteractionsnucleonremovalJSNS²MonteCarloeventgenerators
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

This paper asks where the systematic uncertainty in reconstructing the energy of a kaon-decay-at-rest (KDAR) neutrino comes from when it scatters off carbon. Using three Monte Carlo event generators — GENIE, NuWro, and GiBUU — it predicts the missing energy that nuclear effects hide in the charged-current $\nu_\mu$ channel at the precisely known KDAR energy of 235.5 MeV. The central finding is that nuclear and final-state-interaction models, plus the nucleon removal energy, shift the missing-energy reconstruction substantially. Tuning the hA FSI model improves GENIE, while NuWro's nucleon-elastic FSI component gives the best agreement with current JSNS² data. Why this matters: if the paper is right, the dominant systematic in KDAR neutrino energy reconstruction is nuclear modeling, not the neutrino interaction itself.

What carries the argument

The central object is the missing energy $E_{\rm miss}$ in $\nu_\mu$ charged-current events on carbon, reconstructed from the detected muon by assuming a monoenergetic 235.5 MeV incoming neutrino. The carriers of the argument are the nuclear response models inside GENIE, NuWro, and GiBUU: the hA FSI model in GENIE, the nucleon-elastic FSI component in NuWro, and the nucleon removal energy parameter. These determine how much momentum and energy are deposited invisibly inside the nucleus and therefore how far the reconstructed neutrino energy misses the true 235.5 MeV.

What would settle it

Re-run the three generators behind exactly the same event selection and compare their missing-energy distributions to a tagged sample of KDAR $\nu_\mu$ carbon events; if NuWro's advantage disappears or reverses, the ranking is an artifact of selection or reconstruction, not a physics statement.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The paper's claim is that for KDAR $\nu_\mu$ charged-current scattering on carbon, the reconstructed missing energy is strongly controlled by two nuclear ingredients: the initial-state nucleon removal energy and the treatment of final-state interactions, especially the nucleon-elastic part. Against JSNS² data, the three generators disagree with each other and with data; NuWro performs best among them, and a tuned hA FSI model brings GENIE's predictions closer to data. The discrepancies common to all generators indicate that current low-energy theoretical descriptions of this channel are incomplete. The paper thus treats missing-energy reconstruction, not the bare cross section, as the bottle

Load-bearing premise

The ranking of generators assumes the JSNS² event selection, missing-energy reconstruction, and monoenergetic 235.5 MeV flux are modeled faithfully and equivalently across all three generators.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • If NuWro's nucleon-elastic FSI treatment is the reason for its better agreement, KDAR analyses at JSNS² should adopt NuWro as the primary generator and quote the generator spread as a systematic.
  • Tuning the hA FSI model can recover much of GENIE's gap, so a tuned GENIE configuration is a viable cross-check to NuWro.
  • Nucleon removal energy should be treated as an adjustable nuisance parameter in KDAR missing-energy studies, not a fixed input.
  • The data-generator discrepancies common to all three generators mean no current generator can be taken as reliable at 235.5 MeV without data-driven correction.
  • Missing-energy systematics, rather than neutrino flux or detector resolution, will limit KDAR neutrino energy reconstruction precision.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • A testable extension: apply identical event selection and detector smearing to all three generators; if NuWro's ranking persists, it reflects FSI physics rather than selection side-effects.
  • The same missing-energy machinery should affect other low-energy detectors using carbon, so the generator ranking may transfer to oscillation and cross-section programs beyond JSNS².
  • Because the monoenergetic 235.5 MeV assumption is load-bearing, small flux contamination from other kaon-decay branches would dilute the missing-energy comparison; measuring that contamination is a cheap way to bound the ranking's stability.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

4 major / 3 minor

Summary. The paper presents Monte Carlo predictions for missing energy in KDAR νμ charged-current scattering on carbon at JSNS², comparing GENIE, NuWro, and GiBUU. The abstract claims that nuclear and final-state interaction (FSI) models, as well as nucleon removal energy, strongly affect missing-energy reconstruction; that tuning the GENIE hA FSI model improves agreement; and that NuWro shows the best agreement with data among the generators considered, while all generators exhibit residual discrepancies. The abstract is the only readable part of the manuscript provided to me: the full text is severely corrupted and cannot be used to verify the methods, equations, or comparison details.

Significance. If the abstract-level claims are correct, the paper would provide a useful comparative study for a low-energy neutrino channel of direct relevance to JSNS² and to future KDAR-based oscillation and cross-section measurements. The explicit comparison of three generators on the same data and the honest reporting of residual discrepancies are strengths. However, the central ranking of generators and the claim that nuclear/FSI modeling is the dominant systematic are currently unverified, both because the full text is unreadable and because the abstract does not specify the comparison metric, event selection, detector response, or tuning protocol.

major comments (4)
  1. [Abstract] The claim 'NuWro shows the best agreement with data' is not supported by any quantitative metric in the abstract or in the readable portions of the manuscript. No goodness-of-fit measure (χ², KS, pulls), uncertainty treatment, or statement of identical event selection and detector smearing across generators is given. Without these, the ordering of generators could be an artifact of analysis choices rather than a statement about FSI or nuclear models. This is load-bearing for the headline conclusion and must be specified.
  2. [Abstract] The statement 'Tuning the hA FSI model improves the predictions from GENIE' is ambiguous and potentially circular. If the tuning parameters were adjusted using the same JSNS² data against which the improvement is then evaluated, the improvement is in-sample and not predictive. The manuscript must state which parameters were varied, on what data they were fit, and explicitly confirm that the validation sample is independent of the tuning sample.
  3. [Full text (throughout)] The body of the manuscript, including Sections 1–5, is not decipherable in the version provided: prose and equations are corrupted beyond recognition. This prevents verification of the missing-energy definition, the event selection, the reconstruction procedure, the FSI models, and the comparison against JSNS² data. A clean, readable manuscript is required before the technical claims can be assessed.
  4. [Abstract] The paper's central observable, 'missing energy,' is not explicitly defined in the abstract. It is not clear whether missing energy is the true nuclear excitation energy from Monte Carlo truth, or a reconstructed quantity obtained from the 235.5 MeV incident neutrino energy minus observed final-state energies. If it is reconstructed, FSI and removal energy will affect it almost by construction; the paper needs a clear baseline and a distinction between truth-level and reconstruction-level quantities to support the claim of a physics-driven impact.
minor comments (3)
  1. [Abstract] The phrase 'nucleon elastic component of FSI' should be defined, since it is not a standard term and its role in improving NuWro predictions is otherwise unclear.
  2. [Abstract] The statement that 'observed discrepancies across all generators highlight limitations' would be strengthened by reporting the size of the discrepancies, for example data/MC ratios or p-values, rather than leaving them qualitative.
  3. [Full text (throughout)] If a clean version becomes available, the notation in the equations (e.g., flux normalization, removal energy, FSI parameters) should be defined explicitly; in the current corrupted rendering, even section headings and equation numbers cannot be reliably mapped.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No circularity: the generator comparison against external JSNS² data is self-contained; the hA-tuning claim is underdescribed but not shown to be an in-sample fit.

full rationale

The core analysis compares predictions from GENIE, NuWro, and GiBUU against external JSNS² data, which provides independent falsifiability. The generator outputs are not derived from the data, and the observed discrepancies are empirical findings rather than consequences of the input definitions. The only potential circular step is the statement that 'Tuning the hA FSI model improves the predictions from GENIE.' However, the manuscript does not state that the tuning was performed on the same JSNS² data used for validation, so one cannot exhibit the specific reduction required to call this a fitted input renamed as a prediction. Sensitivity of missing-energy predictions to nuclear/FSI models and nucleon removal energy is a variation of generator inputs and is not a circular derivation. No self-citation, uniqueness theorem, or ansatz-smuggling through prior work is invoked as load-bearing in the readable material. The paper is therefore not circular by the evidence available.

Assumptions & free parameters 2 free parameters · 3 assumptions · 0 invented entities

No new entities, forces, or mediators are introduced. The paper's load-bearing inputs are the three existing generator frameworks, the hA FSI tuning knob, the carbon nucleon removal energy, and the monoenergetic flux assumption. The free-parameter count is low, but the hA tuning knob is the main circularity risk because its fitting protocol is undisclosed in the abstract.

free parameters (2)
  • hA FSI model tuning parameters (GENIE)
    Abstract: 'Tuning the hA FSI model improves the predictions from GENIE.' The tuning values are not quoted. If the hA parameters were optimized on the same JSNS² data used for the validation comparison, they are fitted parameters, and the 'improved prediction' claim inherits fitting bias.
  • Nucleon removal energy (carbon)
    The abstract lists nucleon removal energy as a driver of missing-energy predictions. Whether it is taken from prior nuclear data or varied to match the comparison data is not stated in the abstract; in either case it is a hand-set input that the central comparison depends on.
assumptions (3)
  • domain assumption KDAR ν_μ flux is monoenergetic at 235.5 MeV with negligible contamination
    Abstract: 'a precisely known energy of 235.5 MeV.' The missing-energy reconstruction claim inherits this assumption about the beam.
  • domain assumption Nuclear ground-state and FSI models in GENIE/NuWro/GiBUU are adequate representations of carbon at about 235 MeV
    The entire comparison is a test of these models. The claim of a 'significant impact of nuclear and FSI models' presumes the generator framework itself (impulse approximation, transport treatment, Fermi motion) is a valid description of the scattering process.
  • domain assumption Monte Carlo statistics are sufficient for the quoted generator-to-data comparisons
    No statistical uncertainties are quoted in the abstract. The ranking 'NuWro shows the best agreement' presumes the MC samples are large enough that statistical fluctuations do not determine the ordering.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Monte Carlo study of KDAR $\nu_{\mu}$ charged-current scattering on carbon." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/AOVIUQD7

@misc{pith2026250807772,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Monte Carlo study of KDAR $\nu_\mu$ charged-current scattering on carbon},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/AOVIUQD7}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2508.07772}
}
abstract

The neutrino energy reconstruction is crucial for reducing systematic uncertainties in neutrino oscillation experiments and improving cross-section measurements. Kaon-Decays-At-Rest (KDAR) neutrinos provide a unique opportunity to probe neutrino-nucleus interactions at low energies with a precisely known energy of 235.5 MeV. This work presents Monte Carlo predictions of missing energy due to nuclear effects in the KDAR $\nu_\mu$ charged-current scattering on the carbon nucleus for JSNS$^2$. The predictions from GENIE, NuWro, and GiBUU show a significant impact of nuclear and final state interaction (FSI) models, as well as nucleon removal energy, on missing energy reconstruction. Tuning the hA FSI model improves the predictions from GENIE. It is also observed that the nucleon elastic component of FSI leads to better predictions in NuWro compared to GENIE. NuWro shows the best agreement with data among the generators considered; however, the observed discrepancies with data across all generators highlight the limitations of current theoretical descriptions in the low-energy regime and the need for improvements in Monte Carlo modeling.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

50 extracted references · 14 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    Alvarez-Ruso et al

    author author L. Alvarez-Ruso et al. ( collaboration NuSTEC ),\ title title NuSTEC White Paper: Status and challenges of neutrino nucleus scattering ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2018.01.006 journal journal Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. \ volume 100 ,\ pages 1 ( year 2018 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03621 arXiv:1706.03621 [hep-ph] NoStop

    arXiv 2018

  2. [2]

    Abi et al

    author author B. Abi et al. ( collaboration DUNE ),\ title title Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volume II: DUNE Physics ,\ @noop \ ( year 2020 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.03005 arXiv:2002.03005 [hep-ex] NoStop

    arXiv 2020

  3. [3]

    Abe et al

    author author K. Abe et al. ( collaboration Hyper-Kamiokande ),\ title title Hyper-Kamiokande Design Report ,\ @noop \ ( year 2018 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.04163 arXiv:1805.04163 [physics.ins-det] NoStop

    arXiv 2018

  4. [4]

    An et al

    author author F. An et al. ( collaboration JUNO ),\ title title Neutrino Physics with JUNO ,\ https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/43/3/030401 journal journal J. Phys. G \ volume 43 ,\ pages 030401 ( year 2016 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.05613 arXiv:1507.05613 [physics.ins-det] NoStop

    arXiv 2016

  5. [5]

    author author M. A. \ Acero et al. ( collaboration NOvA ),\ title title First Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters using Neutrinos and Antineutrinos by NOvA ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.151803 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 123 ,\ pages 151803 ( year 2019 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04907 arXiv:1906.04907 [hep-ex] NoStop

    arXiv 2019

  6. [6]

    Abe et al

    author author K. Abe et al. ( collaboration T2K ),\ title title Constraint on the matter antimatter symmetry-violating phase in neutrino oscillations ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2177-0 journal journal Nature \ volume 580 ,\ pages 339 ( year 2020 ) ,\ note [Erratum: Nature 583, E16 (2020)] ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.03887 arXiv:1910.03887 [hep...

    arXiv 2020

  7. [7]

    Electron- and neutrino-nucleus scattering in the impulse approximation regime

    author author O. Benhar , author N. Farina , author H. Nakamura , author M. Sakuda ,\ and\ author R. Seki ,\ title title Electron- and neutrino-nucleus scattering in the impulse approximation regime ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.72.053005 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 72 ,\ pages 053005 ( year 2005 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0506116 a...

    work page Pith review arXiv 2005

  8. [8]

    author author R. K. \ Pradhan , author R. Lalnuntluanga ,\ and\ author A. Giri ,\ title title Improving target neutron momentum reconstruction using MINER A ^0 data ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.093002 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 111 ,\ pages 093002 ( year 2025 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.15913 arXiv:2409.15913 [hep-ph] NoStop

    work page Pith review arXiv 2025

Show all 50 references
  1. [9]

    author author A. Bodek ,\ title title Pauli Blocking for a Relativistic Fermi Gas in Quasielastic Lepton Nucleus Scattering ,\ @noop \ ( year 2021 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.03631 arXiv:2111.03631 [nucl-th] NoStop

    2021 arXiv

  2. [10]

    author author J. T. \ Sobczyk ,\ title title Multinucleon Ejection Model for Meson Exchange Current Neutrino Interactions ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.015504 journal journal Phys. Rev. C \ volume 86 ,\ pages 015504 ( year 2012 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.3673 arX...

    2012 arXiv

  3. [11]

    Dytman ,\ title title Final state interactions in neutrino-nucleus experiments ,\ http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol40/abs/v40p2445.htm journal journal Acta Phys

    author author S. Dytman ,\ title title Final state interactions in neutrino-nucleus experiments ,\ http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol40/abs/v40p2445.htm journal journal Acta Phys. Polon. B \ volume 40 ,\ pages 2445 ( year 2009 ) NoStop

    2009

  4. [12]

    Lalnuntluanga , author R

    author author R. Lalnuntluanga , author R. K. \ Pradhan ,\ and\ author A. Giri ,\ title title Probing neutrino-nucleus interaction in DUNE and MicroBooNE ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2024.116703 journal journal Nucl. Phys. B \ volume 1008 ,\ pages 116703 ( year 2024 ...

    2024

  5. [13]

    author author R. L. \ Workman et al. ( collaboration Particle Data Group ),\ title title Review of Particle Physics ,\ https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptac097 journal journal PTEP \ volume 2022 ,\ pages 083C01 ( year 2022 ) NoStop

    2022 doi

  6. [14]

    Aguilar et al

    author author A. Aguilar et al. ( collaboration LSND ),\ title title Evidence for neutrino oscillations from the observation of _e appearance in a _ beam ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.64.112007 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 64 ,\ pages 112007 ( year 2001 ) ,\ htt...

    2001 arXiv

  7. [15]

    author author A. A. \ Aguilar-Arevalo et al. ( collaboration MiniBooNE ),\ title title First Measurement of Monoenergetic Muon Neutrino Charged Current Interactions ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.141802 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 120 ,\ pages 141802 ...

    2018 arXiv

  8. [16]

    Kusakabe , author M.-K

    author author M. Kusakabe , author M.-K. \ Cheoun , author K. S. \ Kim , author M.-a. \ Hashimoto , author M. Ono , author K. Nomoto , author T. Suzuki , author T. Kajino ,\ and\ author G. J. \ Mathews ,\ title title Supernova Neutrino Process of Li and B Revisited ,\ https://...

    2019 arXiv

  9. [17]

    Ko et al

    author author H. Ko et al. ,\ title title Comprehensive Analysis of the Neutrino Process in Core-collapsing Supernovae ,\ https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac88cd journal journal Astrophys. J. \ volume 937 ,\ pages 116 ( year 2022 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13365 arXiv:22...

    2022 arXiv

  10. [18]

    Marzec et al

    author author E. Marzec et al. ( collaboration JSNS2 ),\ title title First Measurement of Missing Energy due to Nuclear Effects in Monoenergetic Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.081801 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 13...

    2025

  11. [19]

    Andreopoulos , author C

    author author C. Andreopoulos , author C. Barry , author S. Dytman , author H. Gallagher , author T. Golan , author R. Hatcher , author G. Perdue ,\ and\ author J. Yarba ,\ title title The GENIE Neutrino Monte Carlo Generator: Physics and User Manual ,\ @noop \ ( year 2015 ) ,...

    2015 arXiv

  12. [20]

    Juszczak , author J

    author author C. Juszczak , author J. A. \ Nowak ,\ and\ author J. T. \ Sobczyk ,\ title title Simulations from a new neutrino event generator ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.08.069 journal journal Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl. \ volume 159 ,\ pages 211 ( year 2006 ...

    2006 arXiv

  13. [21]

    Buss , author T

    author author O. Buss , author T. Gaitanos , author K. Gallmeister , author H. van Hees , author M. Kaskulov , author O. Lalakulich , author A. B. \ Larionov , author T. Leitner , author J. Weil ,\ and\ author U. Mosel ,\ title title Transport-theoretical Description of Nuclea...

    2011 arXiv

  14. [22]

    Bodek \ and\ author J

    author author A. Bodek \ and\ author J. L. \ Ritchie ,\ title title Further Studies of Fermi Motion Effects in Lepton Scattering from Nuclear Targets ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.24.1400 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 24 ,\ pages 1400 ( year 1981 ) NoStop

    1981 doi

  15. [23]

    author author K. S. \ Egiyan et al. ( collaboration CLAS ),\ title title Measurement of 2- and 3-nucleon short range correlation probabilities in nuclei ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.082501 journal journal Phys. Rev. Lett. \ volume 96 ,\ pages 082501 ( year 2006 ) ...

    2006 arXiv

  16. [24]

    Benhar , author A

    author author O. Benhar , author A. Fabrocini , author S. Fantoni ,\ and\ author I. Sick ,\ title title Spectral function of finite nuclei and scattering of GeV electrons ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(94)90920-2 journal journal Nucl. Phys. A \ volume 579 ,\ pages 493 ( ...

    1994 doi

  17. [25]

    Nikolakopoulos , author V

    author author A. Nikolakopoulos , author V. Pandey , author J. Spitz ,\ and\ author N. Jachowicz ,\ title title Modeling quasielastic interactions of monoenergetic kaon decay-at-rest neutrinos ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.103.064603 journal journal Phys. Rev. C \ volume...

    2021 arXiv

  18. [26]

    Cruz-Torres , author A

    author author R. Cruz-Torres , author A. Schmidt , author G. A. \ Miller , author L. B. \ Weinstein , author N. Barnea , author R. Weiss , author E. Piasetzky ,\ and\ author O. Hen ,\ title title Short range correlations and the isospin dependence of nuclear correlation functi...

    2018 arXiv

  19. [27]

    Gran , author J

    author author R. Gran , author J. Nieves , author F. Sanchez ,\ and\ author M. J. \ Vicente Vacas ,\ title title Neutrino-nucleus quasi-elastic and 2p2h interactions up to 10 GeV ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.88.113007 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 88 ,\ pages 11...

    2013 arXiv

  20. [28]

    author author G. Co' ,\ title title Introducing the Random Phase Approximation Theory ,\ https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9030141 journal journal Universe \ volume 9 ,\ pages 141 ( year 2023 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.05801 arXiv:2303.05801 [nucl-th] NoStop

    2023 arXiv

  21. [29]

    Bodek , author S

    author author A. Bodek , author S. Avvakumov , author R. Bradford ,\ and\ author H. S. \ Budd ,\ title title Vector and Axial Nucleon Form Factors:A Duality Constrained Parameterization ,\ https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-007-0491-4 journal journal Eur. Phys. J. C \ volume ...

    2008 arXiv

  22. [30]

    Nieves , author I

    author author J. Nieves , author I. R. \ Simo , author F. S\'anchez ,\ and\ author M. J. \ Vicente Vacas ,\ title title 2p2h Excitations, MEC, Nucleon Correlations and Other Sources of QE-like Events ,\ https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.12.010002 journal journal JPS Conf. Proc. \ ...

    2016 doi

  23. [31]

    Berger \ and\ author L

    author author C. Berger \ and\ author L. M. \ Sehgal ,\ title title Lepton mass effects in single pion production by neutrinos ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.76.113004 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 76 ,\ pages 113004 ( year 2007 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/0709.437...

    2007 arXiv

  24. [32]

    Bodek \ and\ author U

    author author A. Bodek \ and\ author U. K. \ Yang ,\ title title Modeling deep inelastic cross-sections in the few GeV region ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5632(02)01755-3 journal journal Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl. \ volume 112 ,\ pages 70 ( year 2002 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org...

    2002 arXiv

  25. [33]

    Koba , author H

    author author Z. Koba , author H. B. \ Nielsen ,\ and\ author P. Olesen ,\ title title Scaling of multiplicity distributions in high-energy hadron collisions ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(72)90551-2 journal journal Nucl. Phys. B \ volume 40 ,\ pages 317 ( year 1972 ) NoStop

    1972 doi

  26. [34]

    Alvarez-Ruso et al

    author author L. Alvarez-Ruso et al. ( collaboration GENIE ),\ title title Recent highlights from GENIE v3 ,\ https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00295-7 journal journal Eur. Phys. J. ST \ volume 230 ,\ pages 4449 ( year 2021 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.09381 arXiv:210...

    2021 arXiv

  27. [35]

    author author C. H. \ Llewellyn Smith ,\ title title Neutrino Reactions at Accelerator Energies ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(72)90010-5 journal journal Phys. Rept. \ volume 3 ,\ pages 261 ( year 1972 ) NoStop

    1972 doi

  28. [36]

    Bradford , author A

    author author R. Bradford , author A. Bodek , author H. S. \ Budd ,\ and\ author J. Arrington ,\ title title A New parameterization of the nucleon elastic form-factors ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.08.028 journal journal Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl. \ volume 159 ...

    2006 arXiv

  29. [37]

    Rein \ and\ author L

    author author D. Rein \ and\ author L. M. \ Sehgal ,\ title title Neutrino Excitation of Baryon Resonances and Single Pion Production ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4916(81)90242-6 journal journal Annals Phys. \ volume 133 ,\ pages 79 ( year 1981 ) NoStop

    1981 doi

  30. [38]

    Lalakulich \ and\ author E

    author author O. Lalakulich \ and\ author E. A. \ Paschos ,\ title title Resonance production by neutrinos. I. J = 3/2 resonances ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.71.074003 journal journal Phys. Rev. D \ volume 71 ,\ pages 074003 ( year 2005 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-p...

    2005 arXiv

  31. [39]

    Sjostrand , author S

    author author T. Sjostrand , author S. Mrenna ,\ and\ author P. Z. \ Skands ,\ title title PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual ,\ https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2006/05/026 journal journal JHEP \ volume 05 ,\ pages 026 ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0603175 arXiv:hep-ph/0603175 NoStop

    2006 arXiv

  32. [40]

    Metropolis , author R

    author author N. Metropolis , author R. Bivins , author M. Storm , author J. M. \ Miller , author G. Friedlander ,\ and\ author A. Turkevich ,\ title title Monte Carlo Calculations on Intranuclear Cascades. 2. High-Energy Studies and Pion Processes ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/P...

    1958 doi

  33. [41]

    Golan , author C

    author author T. Golan , author C. Juszczak ,\ and\ author J. T. \ Sobczyk ,\ title title Final State Interactions Effects in Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.015505 journal journal Phys. Rev. C \ volume 86 ,\ pages 015505 ( year 2012 ) ,\ h...

    2012 arXiv

  34. [42]

    Battistoni , author P

    author author G. Battistoni , author P. R. \ Sala , author M. Lantz , author A. Ferrari ,\ and\ author G. Smirnov ,\ title title Neutrino interactions with FLUKA ,\ http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol40/abs/v40p2491.htm journal journal Acta Phys. Polon. B \ volume 40 ,\ pages ...

    2009

  35. [43]

    author author J. Ranft ,\ title title Hadron Production in Hadron - Nucleus and Nucleus-nucleus Collisions in a Dual Parton Model Modified by a Formation Zone Intranuclear Cascade ,\ https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01506540 journal journal Z. Phys. C \ volume 43 ,\ pages 439 ( year ...

    1989 doi

  36. [44]

    author author G. M. \ Welke , author M. Prakash , author T. T. S. \ Kuo , author S. Das Gupta ,\ and\ author C. Gale ,\ title title Azimuthal distributions in heavy ion collisions and the nuclear equation of state ,\ https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.38.2101 journal journal Phy...

    1988 doi

  37. [45]

    Drechsel , author O

    author author D. Drechsel , author O. Hanstein , author S. S. \ Kamalov ,\ and\ author L. Tiator ,\ title title A Unitary isobar model for pion photoproduction and electroproduction on the proton up to 1-GeV ,\ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(98)00572-7 journal journal Nucl...

    1999 arXiv

  38. [46]

    author author L. P. \ Kadanoff ,\ https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429493218 title Quantum statistical mechanics \ ( publisher CRC Press ,\ year 2018 ) NoStop

    2018 doi

  39. [47]

    Dolan , author A

    author author S. Dolan , author A. Nikolakopoulos , author O. Page , author S. Gardiner , author N. Jachowicz ,\ and\ author V. Pandey ,\ title title Implementation of the continuum random phase approximation model in the GENIE generator and an analysis of nuclear effects in l...

    2022 arXiv

  40. [48]

    Cai et al

    author author T. Cai et al. ( collaboration MINERvA ),\ title title Measurement of the axial vector form factor from antineutrino proton scattering ,\ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05478-3 journal journal Nature \ volume 614 ,\ pages 48 ( year 2023 ) NoStop

    2023 doi

  41. [49]

    author author L. A. \ Harewood \ and\ author R. Gran ,\ title title Elastic hadron-nucleus scattering in neutrino-nucleus reactions and transverse kinematics measurements ,\ @noop \ ( year 2019 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.10576 arXiv:1906.10576 [hep-ex] NoStop

    2019 arXiv

  42. [50]

    Gallmeister \ and\ author U

    author author K. Gallmeister \ and\ author U. Mosel ,\ title title Calorimetric Analysis in the DUNE ,\ @noop \ ( year 2025 ) ,\ https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.16325 arXiv:2502.16325 [hep-ex] NoStop

    2025 arXiv

Pith tools

Reviewed August 5, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.