Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References?

As of 6 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 26 of 26 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2508.18297.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2508.18297 v1

Coverage vector

measured 26 of 26 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.914699Z

measured 26 of 26 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

26 of 26 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy13
unresolved13
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 5a825c22-ff2a-4b06-997f-63df57fcac5b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.161753Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 04310633-a027-47b4-867e-e5f85c0bb21c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.153003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 293cccdb-fda4-440c-aa14-76c45dc31e02 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.144525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 665c4415-cadb-4d9b-8793-d5e204eef59a · outbound

This paper cites The questions then undergo multiple rounds of data cleaning:.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? The questions then undergo multiple rounds of data cleaning:

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.136277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation db1e8628-3c93-4dd3-9e50-0a7e84dd781e · outbound

This paper cites Finally, the QA pairs are deduplicated using both exact match and Llama-3.1-8B.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Finally, the QA pairs are deduplicated using both exact match and Llama-3.1-8B

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.093196Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 3c2935c6-de5f-453a-9d2e-cbe2dd4a9e9a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.127301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 62e57388-0a7b-4d29-a68d-92315495ea3f · outbound

This paper cites This is because we want to measure factual recall, not the ability to state the object in the image.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? This is because we want to measure factual recall, not the ability to state the object in the image

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.118802Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 0d2599bd-5511-4020-ae61-105432f8f82f · outbound

This paper cites This is to ensure the text alone can identify the entity.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? This is to ensure the text alone can identify the entity

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.110310Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 393c673b-2373-422e-ae04-885e5a391b2e · outbound

This paper cites This helps reduce the number of ambiguous, unclear or subjective questions that are not fact-based.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? This helps reduce the number of ambiguous, unclear or subjective questions that are not fact-based

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.101370Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation d8e66fc5-8285-46aa-94f0-ab3d05ae65eb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.083904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 709c9dd2-4aa5-4ba9-b32a-3726cb524fd4 · outbound

This paper cites This ensures the VLM being tested contains the relevant internal knowledge.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? This ensures the VLM being tested contains the relevant internal knowledge

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.074957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 9050b686-e2f3-4a1f-b493-db246e3f4daa · outbound

This paper cites This filters questions that are trivially easy to answer using language priors from the sentence.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? This filters questions that are trivially easy to answer using language priors from the sentence

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.065119Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 04ea4ef9-13a4-45f9-8ac3-0b11cb82ba0e · outbound

This paper cites The standard for Correctness is whether or not the answer provided an acceptable answer for the given question.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? The standard for Correctness is whether or not the answer provided an acceptable answer for the given question

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.056437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 5682b600-a0dd-47a7-9167-ea110ef7862c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.047405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation ce908556-f260-4207-a843-af420f72cbd9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.037529Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 3b650b82-b50e-4949-b039-56326146d441 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.026266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 2152bca5-07f8-4b42-9423-e29953e8c5de · outbound

This paper cites InstructBLIP), we do only a for- ward pass through the LM.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? InstructBLIP), we do only a for- ward pass through the LM

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.016383Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 6f70c0aa-6e16-40e1-b137-ee2331d9f738 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.006778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation e8935c04-0e43-4d76-86b6-dc7af2aa6572 · outbound

This paper cites 800GB of RAM and 256 AMD EPYC 9554 64-Core Processor.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? 800GB of RAM and 256 AMD EPYC 9554 64-Core Processor

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.997482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation f1390065-380e-4a57-af8b-6cff7195f983 · outbound

This paper cites The time taken to run each part of the experiment varies with the hardware used.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? The time taken to run each part of the experiment varies with the hardware used

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.987798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 3f978523-85a1-4fed-ad3e-a2d9982e9ed3 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2000

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.622188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 55d9847c-52fc-478c-9e41-4248092e9554 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 2014

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.433021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d2d9b24d-3403-434c-a62d-708c3bab64d9 · outbound

This paper cites selective predic- tion.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? selective predic- tion

Reference 2021

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.170760Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 7cc3317f-0044-4f5b-8930-7c461e447166 · outbound

This paper cites Large Multimodal Agents: A Survey.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Large Multimodal Agents: A Survey

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.852081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5f234ad0-5640-44d3-a8e7-ad09423ee046 · outbound

This paper cites Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision, 16(1- 2):1–214.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision, 16(1- 2):1–214

Reference 2024

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:10.180968Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 8a18a8b4-45b6-4976-adf4-3f93ccde6e89 · outbound

This paper cites SimpleVQA: Multimodal Factuality Evaluation for Multimodal Large Language Models.

Can VLMs Recall Factual Associations From Visual References? SimpleVQA: Multimodal Factuality Evaluation for Multimodal Large Language Models

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T17:20:09.505085Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.