Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 11 of 11 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.00371.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.00371 v1

Coverage vector

measured 11 of 11 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:12.467523Z

measured 11 of 11 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

11 of 11 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy2
unresolved9
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 917bc445-abec-4a32-a802-d4c53b192504 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:11.128418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9981d8e9-977f-4a11-9e1d-f1cab6db9ada · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:11.756372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8ed0382d-e4fe-4882-8e73-e2a81bd260af · outbound

This paper cites VaLiD: Mitigating the Hallucination of Large Vision Language Models by Visual Layer Fusion Contrastive Decoding.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs VaLiD: Mitigating the Hallucination of Large Vision Language Models by Visual Layer Fusion Contrastive Decoding

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:12.219337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b3174e35-cabf-40c9-92ba-e91e6ca197a3 · outbound

This paper cites MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Models.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Models

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:12.346730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7fad797e-553b-4dcf-89a3-6458c09561a9 · outbound

This paper cites Is there a chair in the image?.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs Is there a chair in the image?

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:12.786808Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 369f9e92-24ef-4677-bb07-05a940c405f8 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 2018

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:12.068411Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 33a1702d-ad89-4941-acc0-92abf86ef147 · outbound

This paper cites Object hallucination in image captioning.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs Object hallucination in image captioning

Reference 2019

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:13.053871Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 33479d02-de5f-42d6-bd19-2581909c9f02 · outbound

This paper cites HALC: Object Hallucination Reduction via Adaptive Focal-Contrast Decoding.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs HALC: Object Hallucination Reduction via Adaptive Focal-Contrast Decoding

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:11.340003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d6239db5-d241-4e32-b4db-0f8ff4549ecf · outbound

This paper cites Discovering Latent Knowledge in Language Models Without Supervision.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs Discovering Latent Knowledge in Language Models Without Supervision

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:11.202844Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c350eef3-4f04-414c-8c49-35496891718c · outbound

This paper cites MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:11.450936Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 60028cfd-02f4-4f97-a9bf-e950da4e781b · outbound

This paper cites Self-Introspective Decoding: Alleviating Hallucinations for Large Vision-Language Models.

Two Causes, Not One: Rethinking Omission and Fabrication Hallucinations in MLLMs Self-Introspective Decoding: Alleviating Hallucinations for Large Vision-Language Models

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T13:44:11.659686Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.