Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2509.10838.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.10838 v1

Coverage vector

measured 45 of 45 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.441386Z

measured 46 of 46 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T00:37:24.828287Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-16T00:37:25.294483Z

Reference resolution

45 of 45 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy21
unresolved24
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 9391eaea-3003-490a-801d-3d8f1f866efd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.171167Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 717a48d7-67a7-46e0-a406-96afd224053c · outbound

This paper cites Optuna: A next-generation hyperparameter optimization frame- work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Optuna: A next-generation hyperparameter optimization frame- work

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.156114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 939ec56c-770f-4b0e-b28c-d7b691ff82b1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.141163Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation eb0add00-2ed6-4c80-9221-bafb12b6cf39 · outbound

This paper cites Springer, 2006.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Springer, 2006

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.236703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7822b429-fb9e-4a2b-8310-a0704f0f5f71 · outbound

This paper cites RawMal-TF: Raw Malware Dataset Labeled by Type and Family.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification RawMal-TF: Raw Malware Dataset Labeled by Type and Family

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.242007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9fc7a9fa-18bc-4313-b182-23a9a40e6763 · outbound

This paper cites Histogram of oriented gradients meet deep learning: A novel multi-task deep network for 2D surgical image semantic segmentation.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Histogram of oriented gradients meet deep learning: A novel multi-task deep network for 2D surgical image semantic segmentation

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.116302Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9a9ce79a-6b85-4756-909b-5a1c9c918489 · outbound

This paper cites Transfer learning for image-based malware classification.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Transfer learning for image-based malware classification

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.099638Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ef621b83-61da-41f6-ace9-e779eea5ed5f · outbound

This paper cites Haralick texture features.https://murphylab.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Haralick texture features.https://murphylab

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.083195Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e22f9882-5b4a-418b-b9a1-93be2304e3db · outbound

This paper cites A comprehensive survey on support vector machine classifi- cation: Applications, challenges and trends.Neurocomputing, 408:189–215, 2020.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification A comprehensive survey on support vector machine classifi- cation: Applications, challenges and trends.Neurocomputing, 408:189–215, 2020

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.067054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 065a4843-f6bc-490e-ac3f-333a03e3b04e · outbound

This paper cites XGBoost: A scalable tree boosting sys- tem.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification XGBoost: A scalable tree boosting sys- tem

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.266995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ac0cfafc-167c-4a68-bc85-022f1577945b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.040779Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 54a4bd54-e84e-454a-aad5-3669441abe87 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.025788Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9553ab8c-5dbc-4b7f-8366-8cd4328e7491 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:27.009751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5a6c18a1-76d8-44b9-8d89-63b3766632ad · outbound

This paper cites K-nearest neighbour classi- fiers — A tutorial.ACM Computing Surveys, 54(6):1–25, 2021.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification K-nearest neighbour classi- fiers — A tutorial.ACM Computing Surveys, 54(6):1–25, 2021

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.994276Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ef4faf66-a086-420d-bf29-ec8d6927db79 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.976704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b3dd3fa5-f68f-415b-98de-e88009f38153 · outbound

This paper cites Haralick, K.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Haralick, K

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.961052Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 46a8e170-3f9b-4b61-8f74-c0457606113c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.946142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 133a1bdc-580d-4226-8230-5eb27c90f53f · outbound

This paper cites Wein- berger.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Wein- berger

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.931355Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c18fea4b-8f52-456d-a1f5-767837caeb64 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.916086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 232d6888-6e27-4a86-9ae3-f71693066be9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.900873Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation deb31959-be17-4e0f-857f-e3dc89874b81 · outbound

This paper cites Rendering along the Hilbert curve.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Rendering along the Hilbert curve

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.885540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d4f9eb78-fa65-4e6c-a398-a8a2d3f54d2e · outbound

This paper cites Image-based malware classification using qr and aztec codes.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Image-based malware classification using qr and aztec codes

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.868997Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 8d297440-e744-4fea-846e-b1f012ed4907 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.853347Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 10bc398f-4f4d-4a79-af23-99aabfbff18f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.837657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 6962ae78-5489-4207-a4af-417055ca679b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.821502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f4004346-f79f-4617-9ba2-0c876a138d60 · outbound

This paper cites Nataraj, S.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Nataraj, S

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.805742Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 4fccdb61-38a2-441f-a3f8-4c0434b47690 · outbound

This paper cites Generative adversarial networks and image-based malware classification.Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques, 19(4):579–595, 2023.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Generative adversarial networks and image-based malware classification.Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques, 19(4):579–595, 2023

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.790402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b17cb75c-a316-40e9-aff9-08ccb461fe9f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.773998Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3057784a-dda2-4081-a0bc-29e22007b3dc · outbound

This paper cites An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.361200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15830ab9-5fb2-42e7-9440-9e7baf41ef83 · outbound

This paper cites Multilayer perceptron and neural networks.WSEAS Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 8, 2009.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Multilayer perceptron and neural networks.WSEAS Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 8, 2009

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.757631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 06adbbae-15f1-4aa8-a421-3368e0f5362d · outbound

This paper cites An empirical analysis of image- based learning techniques for malware classification.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification An empirical analysis of image- based learning techniques for malware classification

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.741443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b36ee43b-b9a9-461d-9c5f-871a13ed0287 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.724697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 458d0f72-5567-4a97-9ed8-e0fe3e2b9c37 · outbound

This paper cites Darknet traffic clas- sification and adversarial attacks using machine learning.Computers & Security, 127:103098, 2023.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Darknet traffic clas- sification and adversarial attacks using machine learning.Computers & Security, 127:103098, 2023

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.707028Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2542b523-f813-4795-adfc-63a5865a48a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.691403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 65c92346-f476-4502-8450-20f794593971 · outbound

This paper cites Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.675270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7fccdd71-170f-401c-8f44-89837612de11 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.659693Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d831848e-4703-4b7b-98b4-550b1a75f641 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.645378Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 419d5669-e2ce-4268-954b-0f358bf33c81 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.630296Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 87335ba7-ec3a-4677-8506-3de5d54508f3 · outbound

This paper cites Going deeper with convolutions.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Going deeper with convolutions

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.614558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 180c1f17-8852-4e97-b738-695f2531fdbf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.597550Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9625ec60-6134-49ff-bbf2-0dbbf649897e · outbound

This paper cites Simple binary data visualization.https://martin.varela.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Simple binary data visualization.https://martin.varela

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.579321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c846c3f8-0e32-46e9-8527-35921a15ea33 · outbound

This paper cites Nguyen, Tu N.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Nguyen, Tu N

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.563466Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b7a277ba-f7af-43d2-8df2-09b4a74bc28e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.547504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f13ca58b-2ab4-4374-9012-ac2655618159 · outbound

This paper cites Deep learning versus gist descriptors for image-based malware classi- fication.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Deep learning versus gist descriptors for image-based malware classi- fication

Reference 44

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.532238Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a6163c30-f7fc-41d2-96b3-1b13084918eb · outbound

This paper cites Appendix A In this appendix, we provide detailed results for each experiment we have con- ducted.

A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification Appendix A In this appendix, we provide detailed results for each experiment we have con- ducted

Reference 45

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T15:56:26.515565Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation fdc035b8-375f-400c-a90a-7c3049d97e8d · inbound

CAM-Guided Saliency Cutout and Image-Based Malware Classification cites this paper.

CAM-Guided Saliency Cutout and Image-Based Malware Classification A Comparison of Selected Image Transformation Techniques for Malware Classification

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T00:37:25.302492Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.