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First measurement of the Hubble constant from gravitational wave-galaxy cross-correlations
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Submitted 17 Dec 2025 · Published version
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Adding also the multimessenger event GW170817, but without using its known redshift, we find $H_0 = 67^{+18}_{-15}$ km s$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$ and the first observational constraint on the GW bias, $b_{\rm gw} < 4.3$ at 95\% CI.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
We measure for the first time the Hubble constant ($H_0$) from the cross-correlation of galaxies and gravitational waves (GW), by applying the $\textit{Peak Sirens}$ method. This method consists of finding the peak of the 3D angular cross-spectrum $C_{\ell}(z,D_L)$ between the galaxy redshifts ($z$) and the GW luminosity distances ($D_L$). Using two GW events from the GWTC-3.0 catalog and the GLADE+ galaxy catalog, we make the first detection of the cross-correlation peak at $5.9\sigma$ confidence. This signal comes mostly from the best localized event in the catalog, GW190814, which alone provides a $3.4\sigma$ significance. Adding also the multimessenger event GW170817, but without using its known redshift, we find $H_0 = 67^{+18}_{-15}$ km s$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$ and the first observational constraint on the GW bias, $b_{\rm gw} < 4.3$ at 95\% CI. These measurements set the stage for future novel cosmological constraints with this technique.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We measure for the first time the Hubble constant ($H_0$) from the cross-correlation of galaxies and gravitational waves (GW), by applying the $\textit{Peak Sirens}$ method. | contribution 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.71 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | This method consists of finding the peak of the 3D angular cross-spectrum $C_{\ell}(z,D_L)$ between the galaxy redshifts ($z$) and the GW luminosity distances ($D_L$). | method 1.00 | 0.37 | 0.03 | asserted 0.99 |
| s2 | Using two GW events from the GWTC-3.0 catalog and the GLADE+ galaxy catalog, we make the first detection of the cross-correlation peak at $5.9\sigma$ confidence. | result 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.15 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | This signal comes mostly from the best localized event in the catalog, GW190814, which alone provides a $3.4\sigma$ significance. | result 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.06 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | Adding also the multimessenger event GW170817, but without using its known redshift, we find $H_0 = 67^{+18}_{-15}$ km s$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$ and the first observational constraint on the GW bias, $b_{\rm gw} < 4.3$ at 95\% CI. | result 1.00 | 0.96 | 0.67 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | These measurements set the stage for future novel cosmological constraints with this technique. | future work 0.86 | 0.30 | 0.07 | asserted 0.75 |
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Original abstract
We measure for the first time the Hubble constant ($H_0$) from the cross-correlation of galaxies and gravitational waves (GW), by applying the $\textit{Peak Sirens}$ method. This method consists of finding the peak of the 3D angular cross-spectrum $C_{\ell}(z,D_L)$ between the galaxy redshifts ($z$) and the GW luminosity distances ($D_L$). Using two GW events from the GWTC-3.0 catalog and the GLADE+ galaxy catalog, we make the first detection of the cross-correlation peak at $5.9\sigma$ confidence. This signal comes mostly from the best localized event in the catalog, GW190814, which alone provides a $3.4\sigma$ significance. Adding also the multimessenger event GW170817, but without using its known redshift, we find $H_0 = 67^{+18}_{-15}$ km s$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$ and the first observational constraint on the GW bias, $b_{\rm gw} < 4.3$ at 95\% CI. These measurements set the stage for future novel cosmological constraints with this technique.
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References
How the literature uses it
6 arXiv papers cite this in 7 sentences
Papers citing it · 2 sentences without a confident label
Builds on it 1 paper
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To build our likelihood pipeline, we have extended the statistical framework applied in Refs. [ref] to galaxy catalogs, adapting it to the case of $gw×hi$ cross-correlation.
Cosmology beyond standard sirens: cross-correlation of gravitational waves and neutral hydrogen intensity mapping · Cosmological parameter estimation · 1.00
Uses its method or tool 1 paper
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In this work, we adopt the “cross-correlation method” [ref] , which is based on the assumption that both gw sources and the galaxy population are tracers of the lss [ref] .
Cosmology beyond standard sirens: cross-correlation of gravitational waves and neutral hydrogen intensity mapping · Introduction · 0.89
Cites it as background 3 papers
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Methods to do so include leveraging population properties of the GW sources, a technique known as `spectral sirens' [ref] , constructing a line-of-sight redshift prior in the localisation area of each signal derived from the galaxy catalogue [ref] , or cross-correlating the angular distribution of GW events to large scale structure maps from galaxy surveys [ref] .
No parametrisation, No Problem: A Weakly Modelled Framework to Constrain the Luminosity Distance--Redshift Relation Using Gravitational Wave Sirens · Introduction · 0.81
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The second is to use summary statistics for the gws and galaxies, such as the cross and auto angular power spectra [ref] .
Radio sirens: inferring $H_0$ with binary black holes and neutral hydrogen in the era of the Einstein Telescope and the SKA Observatory · Introduction · 0.80
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A distinct class of methods in which galaxy catalog incompleteness is less critical relies on the angular cross-correlation between GW events and galaxy catalogs [ref] .
Enhancing dark siren cosmology via Gaussian process reconstruction of incomplete galaxy catalogs · Introduction · 0.94
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