Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 5 minor 36 references

Generalized MICZ-Kepler systems on three-dimensional sphere and hyperboloid

T0 review · 3 major / 5 minor · reviewed 2026-08-03 · deepseek-v4-flash

Pith's one-line read The paper derives exact energy spectra and normalized wavefunctions for generalized MICZ-Kepler systems on the 3-sphere and hyperboloid, and argues from the two-quantum-number spectra that the systems are minimally superintegrable.

desk verdict Exact spectra and wavefunctions for a new curved-space MICZ-Kepler analog look solid and new, but the superintegrability conclusion is inferred from degeneracy rather than demonstrated. read the letter →

arxiv 2601.13028 v2 pith:7MVXMAYQ submitted 2026-01-19 math-ph math.MP

classification math-phmath.MP MSC 81Q0570H0637J35
keywords MICZ-KeplersystemDiracmonopolethree-dimensionalspherehyperboloidsuperintegrabilityexactsolvabilityseparationofvariables
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

The MICZ-Kepler system is a Coulomb problem enriched by a Dirac monopole, and its generalized version adds two center-like potential terms that preserve integrability. This paper transports that system to the three-dimensional sphere and to the two-sheeted hyperboloid, solving the Schrödinger equation by separation of variables. It obtains closed-form energy spectra and normalized wavefunctions, with energies depending on exactly two quantum numbers. The authors take this two-quantum-number dependence as evidence that the curved-space systems are minimally superintegrable, meaning each admits four functionally independent conserved quantities.

What carries the argument

The central object is the generalized MICZ-Kepler potential (4), built from the conformal-flat metric g(r), the monopole centrifugal term ℏ²s²/(2µg r²), and the two λ-dependent terms, with V(r) chosen as the (pseudo)spherical Coulomb potential. The argument is carried by separating variables in (hyper)spherical coordinates, which reduces the problem to a one-dimensional radial equation of known hypergeometric type; all spectral information is funnelled into the shifted angular quantum number j + δ_m^(s), where δ_m^(s) is defined by Eq. (18). The inference from two-quantum-number spectra to minimal superintegrability is the interpretive bridge that gives the result its symmetry content.

What would settle it

Take the flat-space integrals (9), deform them by the conformal factor g(r) and the curvature-dependent potential terms, and check whether the deformed operators commute with the curved-space Hamiltonians (27) and (45); if no fourth functionally independent commuting operator can be found, the minimal-superintegrability claim is false even if the spectra themselves are correct.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The paper's central claim is that the potential (4) on an so(3)-invariant space with the conformal-flat metric (2), combining the Dirac-monopole centrifugal term, the two λ-terms, and a central potential V(r), defines exactly the right 'generalized MICZ-extension' on the sphere and hyperboloid. Solving the quasi-radial Schrödinger equation in hyperspherical coordinates gives the discrete spectra (29) and (46) and the normalized wavefunctions (30) and (47). Because these spectra depend only on the two quantum numbers n and m — with the shift δ_m^(s) encoding the monopole charge and the λ-parameters — the paper concludes that the systems are minimally superintegrable and should possess four fu

Load-bearing premise

The claim that the systems are minimally superintegrable rests on inferring four functionally independent integrals of motion from the fact that the spectra depend on only two quantum numbers; the paper does not construct those integrals for the curved-space Hamiltonians.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • Exact energy eigenvalues and normalized wavefunctions are available for all bound states on both the sphere and the hyperboloid.
  • In the no-monopole, no-λ limit the formulas reduce to the Coulomb problem on the corresponding curved space, giving a consistency check.
  • The two-quantum-number spectra imply (according to the paper) minimal superintegrability, i.e., four functionally independent conserved quantities including the Hamiltonian.
  • The same construction gives a MICZ-extension recipe for any central potential on any so(3)-invariant space with a conformal-flat metric, not just Coulomb potentials.
  • On the hyperboloid the bound-state spectrum is finite and governed by the parameter σ, a feature that may be useful in models with hyperbolic spatial geometry.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Explicitly exhibiting the fourth independent integral for the curved-space Hamiltonians would confirm the superintegrability claim; the paper does not construct such an integral, so this remains an open verification.
  • The two-quantum-number degeneracy is consistent with, but does not by itself prove, the existence of four integrals; accidental degeneracy would preserve the spectra while invalidating the symmetry conclusion.
  • The construction suggests a direct route to five-dimensional analogues (e.g., on the five-dimensional hyperboloid) via the same separation-of-variables strategy, which could be tested in future work.
  • The reduction of the flat-space integrals to curved spaces is not automatic; a careful deformation analysis of the integrals (9) would either produce the missing constants or reveal the limits of the argument.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Signed reviews

No signed human review yet.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 5 minor

Summary. The paper proposes generalized MICZ-Kepler systems on the three-dimensional sphere and on the two-sheeted hyperboloid by taking the flat-space generalized MICZ-Kepler potential of Ref. [15] and adapting it through a conformal factor 1/g(r) with the appropriate Coulomb-type term V(r) for constant-curvature spaces. For both curved spaces the authors separate the Schrödinger equation in hyperspherical coordinates, reduce the angular problem to the known operator cM(s) of the flat generalized MICZ-Kepler system, and solve the remaining quasi-radial equation by mapping it to the known Coulomb-on-(pseudo)sphere solutions of Ref. [21]. They obtain closed-form energy spectra (29) and (46), which depend only on the two quantum numbers n and m, and normalized quasi-radial wavefunctions (30)/(31) and (47)/(49). From the two-quantum-number dependence they conclude that the systems are minimally superintegrable, i.e., possess four functionally independent integrals of motion. The paper also claims the construction defines the generalized MICZ extension for any central potential on any so(3)-invariant space.

Significance. If the results are correct, the paper provides an explicit family of exactly solvable quantum-mechanical systems on spaces of constant curvature, with spectra and normalized wavefunctions that reduce properly to the flat generalized MICZ-Kepler system in the R0 → ∞ limit and to the hydrogen atom on the (pseudo)sphere when s = λ1 = λ2 = 0. The computational derivation of the normalization constants is nontrivial and appears internally consistent. The main contribution is therefore the exact solvability of the proposed curved-space Hamiltonians, and the paper makes this concrete through explicit formulas. However, the advertised superintegrability property is not actually established; it is inferred solely from the degeneracy pattern of the spectrum. That inference is not automatic, especially in the presence of a monopole and in curved spaces, where hidden symmetries can fail to yield globally defined integrals. The paper's broader claim about arbitrary central potentials is likewise unsupported by the presented derivation.

major comments (3)
  1. [V, first paragraph; cf. §II, Eq. (9)] The central claim that the systems are minimally superintegrable is not demonstrated. The only evidence offered is that the spectra (29) and (46) depend on n and m rather than on j, but two-quantum-number degeneracy alone does not imply the existence of four functionally independent integrals of motion: accidental degeneracy is possible without any hidden symmetry. The four integrals quoted in Eq. (9) are conserved for the flat Hamiltonian (6), and no analogous curved-space integrals are constructed for (27) and (45). No second coordinate-system separation (e.g., curved spheroidal coordinates) is exhibited, and no algebraic argument is given. The final conclusion in §V should either be supported by an explicit construction of the curved-space integrals (or their algebra) or be softened to the established statement of exact solvability and spectral degeneracy.
  2. [V, last paragraph] The sentence claiming that Eq. (4) defines the relevant generalized MICZ extension for any central potential V(r) on any so(3)-invariant space is substantially broader than what is demonstrated. The explicit solution in Sections III and IV relies on the special Coulomb forms V(r) = −(1 − εr²/4R0²)e²/r (+ the constant term for the hyperboloid) and on the particular 1/g(r) prefactor. No general argument is supplied that the separation or the solvability persists for arbitrary V(r). This statement should be labelled as a conjecture or supported by a calculation for a generic central potential.
  3. [IV, Eq. (46)] The condition for the existence of the discrete hyperboloid spectrum is stated as 0 ≤ n ≤ [σ − δ_m^{(s)} − 1]. In the flat case (16) the principal quantum number starts at n = |s| + 1, and in the sphere case the same notation is used. The range and labeling of n on the hyperboloid should be clarified, particularly because the wavefunction (47) contains a factor e^{τ(n−j−σ−1)} and the normalization constant (49) contains Γ(σ − j − δ_m^{(s)}). This is not merely cosmetic: without a precise domain of n the discrete spectrum is not fully specified.
minor comments (5)
  1. [Throughout] The acronym is written inconsistently: “MIC-Kepler” appears in several places (e.g., Eqs. (28) and (45)) where “MICZ-Kepler” is meant. Please standardize.
  2. [IV, text before Eq. (46)] Typographical errors: “teh” should be “the”, “were” should be “where”, “as folows” should be “as follows”, and “on on” in the last paragraph of §V should be “on”.
  3. [III, Eq. (33)] In the first hypergeometric transformation, the argument “1 − zt” appears; this should presumably be “1 − z”.
  4. [III, Eq. (28)] The bracket matching in the displayed equation is confusing: the first term is written as ∂/∂χ (sin²χ ∂/∂χ), but the closing bracket for the whole operator is missing. Please check the bracketing for readability.
  5. [V and Abstract] The abstract says the two-quantum-number dependence “suggests” minimal superintegrability, while §V says it “leads the conclusion” that the systems are minimally superintegrable. This discrepancy should be resolved; given the lack of an integral construction, the cautious abstract wording is the more accurate one.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No circularity: the curved spectra solve an explicitly separated known radial equation; no fitted parameter or assumed spectrum is used as input.

full rationale

The derivation is self-contained against an external benchmark. The curved potentials (27) and (45) are defined first, from the flat generalized MICZ-Kepler angular operator (13) and the known Coulomb potentials (26)/(44). After separation in the same angular eigenbasis (15), with eigenvalues given by (16)-(18), the quasi-radial equations are solved by the known Coulomb-on-(pseudo)sphere solution [21], yielding (29)/(30) and (46)/(47). No quantity entering the spectra is fitted to the spectra, and the λ1, λ2, s dependence enters through the explicitly solved angular eigenvalue problem, not through a prediction equivalent to an input. The flat-system results from [15] are cited, but they are independent prior work and the new curved-space calculation does not reduce to them by construction; in particular, the flat integrals (9) are not used to derive the curved spectra. The concluding 'minimally superintegrable' statement in Section V is an inference from two-quantum-number degeneracy; that inference is heuristic (and would need explicit construction of curved-space integrals), but an unsupported inference is not circularity. The 'any central potential' generalization in Section V is likewise an extrapolation, not a circular step.

Assumptions & free parameters 3 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

No numbers were fitted to data; the listed parameters are model inputs from the definition of the potential. The main axioms are the transfer of the known solution [21] and the definitional choice of the curved potential. No new particles, forces, or dimensions are introduced.

free parameters (3)
  • λ1, λ2 = nonnegative model couplings (not fitted)
    Anisotropic potential strengths in (4); they enter δ_m^(s) and hence the energy formulas.
  • s = 0, ±1/2, ±1, ... (model input)
    Dirac monopole number; enters the angular spectrum and wavefunctions.
  • R0 = positive radius (model input)
    Curvature radius; the 1/R0² and e²/R0 terms in the spectra depend on it.
assumptions (4)
  • domain assumption The quasi-radial Schrödinger equations on S³ and H³ are identical in form to the equations solved in [21], so those solutions and spectra can be transferred with the replacements j → j + δ_m^(s).
    Sections III and IV invoke [21] ('Its solution can be found in [21]', 'This equation has been solved in [21]') without reproducing the derivation; parameter ranges and boundary conditions are assumed to match.
  • ad hoc to paper The potential (4) with the 1/g(r) prefactor is taken as the definition of the generalized MICZ extension on curved spaces.
    Eq. (4) is introduced by analogy with the flat recipe (1); no derivation from a Kustaanheimo-Stiefel reduction or hidden-symmetry algebra is provided.
  • standard math The angular eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the flat angular operator ĉM(s) remain valid on the curved spaces.
    The angular part of the metric is the same on S³/H³, so separation in hyperspherical coordinates uses the same angular operator (13).
  • domain assumption The Dirac monopole vector potential and quantization from flat space survive on the sphere and hyperboloid.
    The paper uses the same operator (7)/(13) with magnetic charge s in curved backgrounds without constructing a curved-space monopole bundle.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Generalized MICZ-Kepler systems on three-dimensional sphere and hyperboloid." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/7MVXMAYQ

@misc{pith2026260113028,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Generalized MICZ-Kepler systems on three-dimensional sphere and hyperboloid},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/7MVXMAYQ}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2601.13028}
}
read the original abstract

We propose analogs of the generalized MICZ-Kepler system on the three-dimensional sphere and the two-sheet hyperboloid. We construct their energy spectra and normalized wave functions and find that they depend on two quantum numbers, which suggests that the systems are minimally superintegrable.

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

36 extracted references · 9 linked inside Pith

  1. [21]

    The Coulomb oscillator relation on n-dimensional spheres and hyper- boloids,

    E. G. Kalnins, W. Miller, Jr. and G. S. Pogosyan, “The Coulomb oscillator relation on n-dimensional spheres and hyper- boloids,” Phys. Atom. Nucl. 65 (2002), 1119-1127. [arXiv:math-ph/0210002 [math-ph]]

  2. [15]

    The Generalized MIC-Kepler system,

    L. Mardoyan, “The Generalized MIC-Kepler system,” J. Math. Phys. 44 (2003), 4981-4987; “Spheroidal analysis of the generalized MIC-Kepler system,” Phys. Atom. Nucl. 68 (2005), 1746-1755. 10

  3. [1]

    Exactly soluble nonrelativistic model of particles with both electric and magnetic charges,

    D. Zwanziger, “Exactly soluble nonrelativistic model of particles with both electric and magnetic charges,” Phys. Rev. 176 (1968), 1480-1488

  4. [2]

    Degeneracy in the presence of a magnetic monopole,

    H. V. McIntosh and A. Cisneros, “Degeneracy in the presence of a magnetic monopole,” J. Math. Phys. 11 (1970), 896-916

  5. [3]

    Perturbation theory of Kepler motion based on spinor regularization,

    P. Kustaanheimo and E. Stiefel, “Perturbation theory of Kepler motion based on spinor regularization,” J. Reine Angew. Math. 218 (1965), 204-219

  6. [4]

    ’Charge-dyon’ system as the reduced oscillator,

    A. Nersessian and V. Ter-Antonian, “’Charge-dyon’ system as the reduced oscillator,” Mod. Phys. Lett. A 9(1994), 2431- 2436. V. M. Ter-Antonian and A. Nersessian, “Quantum oscillator and a bound system of two dyons,” Mod. Phys. Lett. A 10(1995), 2633-2638

  7. [5]

    Dynamical Symmetries in a Spherical Geometry. 1,

    P. W. Higgs, “Dynamical Symmetries in a Spherical Geometry. 1,” J. Phys. A 12(1979), 309-323. H. I. Leemon, “Dynamical Symmetries in a Spherical Geometry. 2,” J. Phys. A 12(1979), 489

  8. [6]

    On the relation of the oscillator and Coulomb systems on (pseudo)spheres,

    A. Nersessian and G. Pogosyan, “On the relation of the oscillator and Coulomb systems on (pseudo)spheres,” Phys. Rev. A 63(2001), 020103(R). [arXiv:quant-ph/0006118 [quant-ph]]. V. V. Gritsev, Yu. A. Kurochkin and V. S. Otchik, “Nonlinear symmetry algebra of the MIC-Kepler problem on the sphere S3”, J. Phys. A 33(2000), 4903

Show all 36 references
  1. [7]

    Relationship between quantum mechanics with and without monopoles,

    L. Mardoyan, A. Nersessian and A. Yeranyan, “Relationship between quantum mechanics with and without monopoles,” Phys. Lett. A 366(2007), 30-35. [arXiv:hep-th/0610301 [hep-th]]

  2. [8]

    Multi-center MICZ-Kepler system, supersymmetry and integrability,

    S. Krivonos, A. Nersessian and V. Ohanyan, “Multi-center MICZ-Kepler system, supersymmetry and integrability,” Phys. Rev. D 75(2007), 085002. A. Nersessian and V. Ohanyan, “Multi-center MICZ-Kepler systems,” Theor. Math. Phys. 155(2008), 618-626

  3. [9]

    The Stark effect in the charge dyon system,

    L. Mardoyan, A. Nersessian and M. Petrosyan, “The Stark effect in the charge dyon system,” Theor. Math. Phys.140(2004), 958-964. S. Bellucci and V. Ohanyan, “Two-center quantum MICZ-Kepler system and Zeeman effect in the charge-dyon system,” Phys. Lett. A 372(2008), 5765-5772

  4. [10]

    Anisotropic inharmonic Higgs oscillator and related (MICZ-)Kepler-like systems,

    A. Nersessian and V. Yeghikyan, “Anisotropic inharmonic Higgs oscillator and related (MICZ-)Kepler-like systems,” J. Phys. A 41(2008), 155203. S. Bellucci and V. Yeghikyan, “The Coulomb problem on a 3-sphere and Heun polynomials,” J. Math. Phys. 54(2013), 082103

  5. [11]

    On higher symmetries in quantum mechanics

    J. Fris, V. Mandrosov, Ya. A. Smorodinsky, M. Uhlir and P. Winternitz, “On higher symmetries in quantum mechanics”, Phys. Lett. 16(1965), 354-356

  6. [12]

    Super-integrability of the Winternitz system

    N. W. Evans, “Super-integrability of the Winternitz system”, Phys. Lett. A 147 (1990), 483-486; “Superintegrability in classical mechanics,” Phys. Rev. A 41(1990), 5666-5676. A. Guha and S. Mukherjee, “Exact solution of the Schr¨ odinger equation with noncentral parabolic pote...

  7. [13]

    Die Bewegung eines K¨ orpers in einem ringf¨ ormigen Potentialfeld

    H. Hartmann, “Die Bewegung eines K¨ orpers in einem ringf¨ ormigen Potentialfeld” (“The motion of a body in a ring-shaped potential”), Theor. Chim. Acta 24 (1972), 201-206. H. Hartmann, R. Schuch, J. Radke, “Die diamagnetische Suszeptibilit¨ at eines nicht kugelsymmetrischen S...

  8. [14]

    Motion of a particle in a ring-shaped potential: An approach via a nonbijective canonical transformation

    M. Kibler and T. N´ egadi, “Motion of a particle in a ring-shaped potential: An approach via a nonbijective canonical transformation”, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 26 (1984), 405-410. M. Kibler and P. Winternitz, “Dynamical invariance algebra of the Hartmann potential”, J. Phys. A 20...

  9. [16]

    Self-Adjointness of Generalized MIC-Kepler System,

    P. R. Giri, “Self-Adjointness of Generalized MIC-Kepler System,” Mod. Phys. Lett. A 22 (2007), 2365-2377. “Supersym- metric quantum mechanical generalized MIC-Kepler system,” Mod. Phys. Lett. A 23 (2008), 895-904. I. Marquette, “Generalized MICZ-Kepler system, duality, polynom...

  10. [17]

    Quantised singularities in the electromagnetic field

    P. A. M. Dirac, “Quantised singularities in the electromagnetic field”, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 133 (1931), 60-72

  11. [18]

    4D singular oscillator and generalized MIC-Kepler system,

    L. G. Mardoyan and M. G. Petrosyan, “4D singular oscillator and generalized MIC-Kepler system,” Phys. Atom. Nucl. 70 (2007), 572-575. M. Petrosyan, “Four-dimensional double singular oscillator,” Phys. Atom. Nucl. 71 (2008), 1094-1101. H. Shmavonyan, “CN -Smorodinsky–Winternitz...

  12. [19]

    Superintegrability and Coulomb-Oscillator Duality,

    L. G. Mardoyan, “Superintegrability and Coulomb-Oscillator Duality,” [arXiv:2411.07733 [math-ph]]

  13. [20]

    A Method of Determining Quantum-Mechanical Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions

    E. Schr¨ odinger, “A Method of Determining Quantum-Mechanical Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions”, Proc. R. Irish Acad. 46 (1940), 9-16; “Further Studies on Solving Eigenvalue Problems by Factorization”, Proc. R. Irish Acad. 46 (1940), 183-206; “The Factorization of the Hypergeome...

  14. [22]

    Fl¨ ugge, Practical Quantum Mechanics, Vol

    S. Fl¨ ugge, Practical Quantum Mechanics, Vol. 1, Springer, 1974

  15. [23]

    Bateman and A

    H. Bateman and A. Erd´ elyi, Higher Transcendental Functions, Vol. 1, McGraw-Hill, 1953

  16. [24]

    W. N. Bailey, Generalized Hypergeometric Series, Cambridge Tracts No.32, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1935

  17. [25]

    Note on the

    A. F. Stevenson, “Note on the ”Kepler Problem” in a Spherical Space, and the Factorization Method of Solving Eigenvalue Problems”, Phys. Rev. 59 (1941), 842-843

  18. [26]

    Hydrogen atom in curved space. Expansion over free solutions on the three-dimensional sphere

    S. I. Vinitsky, L. G. Mardoyan, G. S. Pogosyan, A. N. Sissakian, T. A. Strizh, “Hydrogen atom in curved space. Expansion over free solutions on the three-dimensional sphere”, Phys. At. Nucl. 56 (1993), 321-327

  19. [27]

    A Note on the Kepler Problem in a Space of Constant Negative Curvature

    L. Infeld and A. Schild, “A Note on the Kepler Problem in a Space of Constant Negative Curvature”, Phys. Rev. 67 (1945), 121-122

  20. [28]

    Parametric-time coherent states for the generalized MIC-Kepler system

    N. ¨Unal, “Parametric-time coherent states for the generalized MIC-Kepler system”, J. Math. Phys. 47 (2006), 122105

  21. [29]

    Conformal anomaly in non-hermitian quantum mechanics,

    P. R. Giri, “Conformal anomaly in non-hermitian quantum mechanics,” Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 25 (2010), 155-161

  22. [30]

    A new family of N -dimensional superintegrable double singular oscillators and quadratic algebra Q(3) L so(n) L so(N − n),

    M. F. Hoque, I. Marquette and Y. Z. Zhang, “A new family of N -dimensional superintegrable double singular oscillators and quadratic algebra Q(3) L so(n) L so(N − n),” J. Phys. A 48 (2015) no.44, 445207

  23. [31]

    Quadratic algebra for superintegrable monopole system in a Taub-NUT space,

    M. F. Hoque, I. Marquette and Y. Z. Zhang, “Quadratic algebra for superintegrable monopole system in a Taub-NUT space,” J. Math. Phys. 57 (2016) no.9, 092104

  24. [32]

    SU(1,1) coherent states for the Dunkl-Klein-Gordon equa- tion in its canonical form,

    M. Salazar-Ram ´ ırez, J. A. Mart ´ ınez-Nu˜ no and Cordero-L´ opez, “SU(1,1) coherent states for the Dunkl-Klein-Gordon equa- tion in its canonical form,” [arXiv:2507.10947 [quant-ph]]

  25. [33]

    Generalized KS transformations, N D singular oscillator and generalized MICZ-Kepler system,

    A. Lavrenov, “Generalized KS transformations, N D singular oscillator and generalized MICZ-Kepler system,” [arXiv:1908.03572 [math-ph]]

  26. [34]

    CPN -Rosochatius system, superintegrability, supersymmetry,

    E. Ivanov, A. Nersessian and H. Shmavonyan, “ CPN -Rosochatius system, superintegrability, supersymmetry,” Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) no.8, 085007. [arXiv:1812.00930 [hep-th]]

  27. [35]

    Quantum mechanics model on K¨ ahler conifold,

    S. Bellucci, A. Nersessian and A. Yeranyan, “Quantum mechanics model on K¨ ahler conifold,” Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004), 045006. [arXiv:hep-th/0312323 [hep-th]]

  28. [36]

    Path integral treatment of the hydrogen atom in a curved space of constant curvature. II. Hyperbolic space

    A. O. Barut, A. Inomata and G. Junker, “Path integral treatment of the hydrogen atom in a curved space of constant curvature. II. Hyperbolic space”, J. Phys. A 23 (1990), 1179

Pith tools

Reviewed August 3, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.