Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-07T05:53:45.445755Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 4 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 68 of 68 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2604.27790.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-07T05:53:45.445755Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T03:00:02.279815Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
68 of 68 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 957bf6e3-cd4d-4799-bd55-0ae853f0646e · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation d2abfb1f-7daf-4ef0-a6df-67ddf8c03213 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 262e4d7b-308d-4564-8fa1-c8515032d41d · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation ba85cb0f-ccd1-43bb-94f6-d32f01c02794 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews de Vries
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 90d0cd08-e996-4bc4-92d5-e2fd74bcbe76 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation ee2479b9-755c-431c-8fcd-00586b1aa9ab · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 97f0157d-9909-42bb-97a1-af75c7d3e05f · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Lakshmi, R
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 95449b51-979d-4109-a42f-907fe6cc2c91 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation ca39228c-20ba-4723-88dd-6b9bd7b8dd02 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation afbaec25-994f-4184-befa-9c6247ca2c2e · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 3efd6f1b-185a-4bd7-a3e4-6a23ce4b9cc2 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation d820ebcd-71d1-4df7-92f2-7882db25082f · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 76245853-5b04-40da-9632-c7913fb64c04 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Generative Engine Optimization: How to Dominate AI Search
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 307f573f-b735-41b5-b331-5f6336fa287f · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation deb532ca-b975-454c-9190-55208c4c9de7 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 50581f64-4d97-4d1d-9e4f-402d0f18ca22 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews ORCAS: 18 Million Clicked Query-Document Pairs for Analyzing Search
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 390e0199-dcfe-49b1-bf0d-0404544fe7fa · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 0958f1ae-d88a-45f9-bc6c-d8cfd5163901 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 3356b4de-8923-4354-80a2-9934e25ecd63 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 18f0f2f8-a869-4ffe-9834-0d9686a16833 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews InProceedings of the 30th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining(Barcelona Spain, 2024-08-25)
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation fc033939-4110-472e-be99-2a09d95715e9 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 24a2656a-e555-4c33-be8d-8bead3f78e94 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 31094d86-1c37-412d-964b-978f089b82e4 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 8e07eeb9-a597-465f-a340-2efa9d210c5a · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation ab08bd61-ed34-4f8d-8cbe-5de1dbd972be · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews ELI5: Long Form Question Answering
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 95ba6df8-0c41-4a6f-ae52-6686a557cc2b · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 0ab268f6-35e3-4da2-9408-8f171cdcefbc · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 7f700121-baa6-4119-9d82-e6f8231fb4cc · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 78487750-d852-4474-a511-ad597b687910 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation cfbd9187-3b60-4bc9-9697-70262c3e5199 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 397ab0ae-c01b-4408-b273-f6bc64867c46 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 7e2d5239-c318-4c41-b436-5b36a6e1fccd · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 21655f94-91f7-4725-9765-c07aa70bd3ca · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Characterizing Web Search in The Age of Generative AI
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 35cd5dce-6d91-4d78-b297-b657d2d5641a · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation a9caf9d8-408a-4cf7-b127-548ce172276a · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews 2020.24267
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation f7bd014d-0b44-4cdb-b95d-6b30aca21aa7 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 4c2d0dcd-5d67-47f7-985a-91449a9c4a6b · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Evaluating verifiability in generative search engines
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation ca92a940-650c-4c7c-ac5c-8bad5da4b85c · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 642e50cb-dcce-4a26-8a9e-09563080e716 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Grégoire Mialon, Clémentine Fourrier, Craig Swift, Thomas Wolf, Yann LeCun, and Thomas Scialom
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 2061312c-6f34-410d-ac7f-9acf51f59c92 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Grynbaum
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 7849cc50-94b5-49a0-87cc-3205074d607e · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Auditing LLM Editorial Bias in News Media Exposure
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation c281090b-7b7b-4fa7-be76-ec5330470e80 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews It’s not a representation of me
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation acd2c8cb-e786-4cb6-be4d-6eaae8811a70 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 9134dae5-26fd-49f7-afb7-ef266770b7d8 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews In: Zong, C., Xia, F., Li, W., Navigli, R
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation f86a64e0-71b7-42b3-b39d-e2ce955a782a · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 46d278b6-1dd8-479c-8c8d-47787329cf18 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews and Lewis, Mike , editor =
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 55fd1172-764d-4e24-b7bf-331bcfc5cdbf · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 516d2a97-94d1-4f41-bc74-907987a72b59 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews InThe Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems Datasets and Benchmarks Track
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation fd7f0302-247b-460e-a4d9-6c37097060dc · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Shopping Queries Dataset: A Large-Scale ESCI Benchmark for Improving Product Search
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 0f71a5f2-29a0-4d71-bd5a-9d89c6546f52 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 1160d9fc-981f-401b-b465-adb68cf57733 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation a0d9796a-dc39-446a-8b77-01c90966df26 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation da8649f4-8025-4745-a25e-5e2d2f68298e · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Vera Liao, and Ziang Xiao
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation e9411579-ffe9-4fca-b856-c2f52b76f8e1 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 3acbcfa8-3519-42b4-a601-d59cb9889345 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation d1d29df3-80fd-49fe-8689-291c0deaadb4 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 03267c4e-c359-4da4-9879-62132f1ee533 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 50a2b284-abc0-4769-8ffa-e96b4f4af9b5 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 63ad1f79-0861-4413-a1ec-dd7ad41b1684 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews You Are How (and Where) You Search? Comparative Analysis of Web Search Behaviour Using Web Tracking Data
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 3d9c59e2-2c57-4deb-971c-1cd8143032ef · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 41413f6a-1b9c-44d5-9ca6-f4658f484f12 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 8d5f975a-15ed-4451-8e38-b4857feeac7b · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation d270b3d6-a1c1-4af1-8096-cacc5b8fc1e7 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Yifan Li, Yifan Du, Kun Zhou, Jinpeng Wang, Xin Zhao, and Ji-Rong Wen
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation a9546b72-039e-4dd7-87bf-2ab07f920eab · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 6b36afc0-2ad3-4d0c-ac48-02e76511bc1c · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews 2024 , isbn =
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 4449c5fb-302f-4598-9bda-064636ac5000 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 4c32dcee-95e4-4582-ac1d-ec7c76566819 · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Uncertainty propagation on
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation d774a4fb-bde5-4e3f-b29a-919808f6060b · outbound
How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews Unresolved cited work
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 5abe01f8-36ed-4f69-ad45-827dee14e3ed · inbound
Optimizing Visibility in Generative Engines: A Critical Survey of Generative Engine Optimization (2023-2026) How Generative AI Disrupts Search: An Empirical Study of Google Search, Gemini, and AI Overviews
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.