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arxiv: 2605.15948 · v1 · pith:FWKO4NC3new · submitted 2026-05-15 · ✦ hep-ph

One-Zero Neutrino Textures and Resonant Type-II Leptogenesis: Flavor-Resolved Thermal Evolution and Baryon Asymmetry

Avinanda Chaudhuri This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-20 16:44 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ✦ hep-ph
keywords one-zero neutrino texturesresonant leptogenesisType-II seesawbaryon asymmetryflavor effectsCP asymmetryBoltzmann equationsneutrino oscillations
0
0 comments X

The pith

One-zero neutrino textures remain compatible with oscillation data while generating the observed baryon asymmetry through resonant Type-II leptogenesis.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper examines whether neutrino mass matrices with exactly one zero entry can explain both the patterns seen in neutrino oscillation experiments and the excess of matter over antimatter in the universe. It does this inside a Type-II seesaw model that uses two scalar triplets to generate neutrino masses and enables resonant leptogenesis for creating a large CP asymmetry. Numerical scans show that multiple such textures fit the data and yield enough asymmetry when resonance boosts the CP violation. The analysis tracks how the asymmetry evolves thermally for each lepton flavor separately, revealing that washout processes differ by flavor and shape the final result. This connects specific neutrino flavor structures to the dynamics of baryogenesis in the early universe.

Core claim

We show that several one-zero textures remain compatible with neutrino oscillation data while simultaneously generating sizable CP asymmetries through resonant enhancement. We further investigate the thermal evolution of the generated asymmetry using Boltzmann equations and demonstrate the freeze-out behavior of the baryon asymmetry. Extending the analysis to a flavor-resolved framework, we study the separate evolution of electron, muon, and tau asymmetries and show that flavor-dependent washout effects play a crucial role in determining the final baryon asymmetry. Our analysis establishes a direct connection between neutrino flavor textures, resonant thermal leptogenesis, and flavor-depend

What carries the argument

One-zero neutrino mass textures realized in a two-triplet scalar Type-II seesaw, analyzed through flavor-resolved Boltzmann equations that track the separate thermal evolution and washout of electron, muon, and tau lepton asymmetries.

If this is right

  • Several one-zero neutrino textures fit both current oscillation measurements and produce sufficient CP asymmetry under resonant conditions.
  • Resonant leptogenesis remains viable for these textures in both hierarchical and resonant regimes of the two-triplet model.
  • Flavor-dependent washout effects must be tracked separately because they control the freeze-out value of the baryon asymmetry.
  • The thermal evolution shows clear freeze-out of the generated asymmetry once the relevant scalars decay and interactions decouple.
  • A direct link exists between the choice of neutrino texture and the flavor-specific baryogenesis dynamics.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The same flavor-resolved tracking could be applied to other seesaw realizations to test whether washout differences persist across models.
  • Confirmation of a viable one-zero texture would tighten the allowed range for the scalar triplet masses and couplings in the early universe.
  • If oscillation experiments further restrict the mixing parameters, the set of textures that survive could be used to predict the sign or magnitude of the final asymmetry.
  • The approach suggests that ignoring flavor resolution in similar calculations risks misestimating the required CP asymmetry strength.

Load-bearing premise

The resonant enhancement of the CP asymmetry in the two-triplet Type-II seesaw can be reliably captured by the standard Boltzmann equations without additional non-thermal or flavor-off-diagonal effects that would alter the freeze-out behavior.

What would settle it

A complete scan over the neutrino parameter space that finds no one-zero texture simultaneously consistent with oscillation data and able to produce a final baryon asymmetry in the observed range after flavor-resolved evolution would falsify the central viability result.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2605.15948 by Avinanda Chaudhuri.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: Distribution of the CP asymmetry parameter [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: Maximum CP asymmetry generated for the different one-zero neutrino texture struc [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: Flavor-resolved Boltzmann evolution of the generated lepton asymmetries in the res [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p013_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Thermal freeze-out evolution of the scalar triplet abundance and the generated baryon [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p014_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Hierarchy of the minimum achievable one-zero texture values obtained from the nu [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p015_5.png] view at source ↗
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: Comparison between hierarchical and resonant Type-II leptogenesis for the one-zero [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p016_6.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

We investigate the viability of one-zero neutrino mass textures within the framework of resonant Type-II leptogenesis. Considering a two-triplet scalar realization of the Type-II seesaw mechanism, we analyze the compatibility between neutrino texture structures, CP asymmetry generation, and the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe. We perform extensive numerical scans over the neutrino parameter space and classify the phenomenologically viable one-zero textures under both hierarchical and resonant leptogenesis scenarios. We show that several one-zero textures remain compatible with neutrino oscillation data while simultaneously generating sizable CP asymmetries through resonant enhancement. We further investigate the thermal evolution of the generated asymmetry using Boltzmann equations and demonstrate the freeze-out behavior of the baryon asymmetry. Extending the analysis to a flavor-resolved framework, we study the separate evolution of electron, muon, and tau asymmetries and show that flavor-dependent washout effects play a crucial role in determining the final baryon asymmetry. Our analysis establishes a direct connection between neutrino flavor textures, resonant thermal leptogenesis, and flavor-dependent baryogenesis dynamics.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

1 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript investigates one-zero neutrino mass textures in a two-triplet scalar realization of the Type-II seesaw, performing numerical scans over neutrino parameter space to identify textures compatible with oscillation data that simultaneously generate the observed baryon asymmetry via resonant leptogenesis. It analyzes CP asymmetry generation through resonant enhancement, evolves the asymmetry using flavor-resolved Boltzmann equations, and demonstrates freeze-out behavior with emphasis on flavor-dependent washout effects in electron, muon, and tau channels.

Significance. If the central results hold, the work establishes a phenomenological bridge between specific neutrino mass matrix zero textures and successful resonant Type-II leptogenesis, with the flavor-resolved treatment providing a useful refinement over single-flavor approximations. The numerical classification of viable textures under both hierarchical and resonant scenarios adds concrete constraints that could be tested against upcoming neutrino data and baryon asymmetry measurements.

major comments (1)
  1. [Thermal evolution and Boltzmann equations section (around the flavor-resolved framework discussion)] The thermal evolution analysis relies on standard Boltzmann equations to compute the final baryon asymmetry from the resonant CP asymmetry in the two-triplet model. In the resonant regime (where triplet mass splitting is comparable to decay widths), this approach implicitly neglects coherent oscillations between the triplets and possible flavor-off-diagonal terms in the density matrix that can modify washout and freeze-out dynamics. An explicit justification or cross-check against the density-matrix formalism is required to support the claim that several one-zero textures produce the observed Y_B.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract and numerical results section] The abstract states that 'extensive numerical scans' were performed and viable textures identified, but the manuscript should include a brief description of the scan ranges, priors on CP phases, and any criteria used to avoid post-selection bias in the texture classification.
  2. [Introduction or neutrino textures section] Notation for the one-zero textures (e.g., which specific matrix element is set to zero) should be defined explicitly with a table or equation early in the text for clarity when discussing compatibility with oscillation data.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for their careful reading of the manuscript and for the constructive comment on the thermal evolution section. We address the point below and will incorporate revisions to strengthen the presentation.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Thermal evolution and Boltzmann equations section (around the flavor-resolved framework discussion)] The thermal evolution analysis relies on standard Boltzmann equations to compute the final baryon asymmetry from the resonant CP asymmetry in the two-triplet model. In the resonant regime (where triplet mass splitting is comparable to decay widths), this approach implicitly neglects coherent oscillations between the triplets and possible flavor-off-diagonal terms in the density matrix that can modify washout and freeze-out dynamics. An explicit justification or cross-check against the density-matrix formalism is required to support the claim that several one-zero textures produce the observed Y_B.

    Authors: We thank the referee for highlighting this subtlety of the resonant regime. The CP asymmetry in our work is computed with the standard resonant formula that incorporates the mass splitting and decay widths, thereby capturing the leading resonant enhancement. The subsequent evolution employs flavor-resolved Boltzmann equations, which is the standard approach in Type-II leptogenesis studies with scalar triplets. While a full density-matrix treatment would include coherent oscillations and off-diagonal terms, these effects are sub-dominant for the mass splittings and parameter ranges explored in our viable textures, where flavor-diagonal washout dominates the freeze-out. To address the comment directly, we will add a concise justification paragraph in the revised thermal evolution section, supported by references to comparable analyses in the literature that employ the same Boltzmann framework under resonant conditions. This addition will explicitly discuss the regime of validity and why the neglected terms do not alter the classification of viable one-zero textures or the generated Y_B. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity; derivation relies on external data and standard methods

full rationale

The paper performs numerical scans over neutrino parameter space to classify one-zero textures compatible with oscillation data, then computes CP asymmetries and baryon asymmetry evolution via Boltzmann equations in a flavor-resolved framework. This uses external benchmarks (neutrino oscillation parameters and observed baryon asymmetry) and standard leptogenesis techniques without reducing the final Y_B to a fitted parameter by construction or depending on a self-citation chain for the core result. The thermal freeze-out and flavor washout analysis follows directly from the model inputs and equations, rendering the chain self-contained.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

2 free parameters · 2 axioms · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on the standard Type-II seesaw Lagrangian, the validity of the Boltzmann equations for leptogenesis, and the assumption that one entry in the neutrino mass matrix can be set exactly to zero without violating other constraints. No new particles beyond the two triplets are introduced, but the resonant CP asymmetry and flavor washout factors are treated as calculable once the texture is chosen.

free parameters (2)
  • Neutrino mass matrix zero position and CP phases
    The location of the zero and the values of the Majorana phases are scanned to fit oscillation data and to maximize the CP asymmetry.
  • Triplet scalar masses and couplings
    Masses and Yukawa couplings of the two scalar triplets are varied to achieve resonance and the correct asymmetry magnitude.
axioms (2)
  • domain assumption The standard Boltzmann equations accurately describe the thermal evolution of lepton asymmetries in the presence of resonant enhancement.
    Invoked when the authors state they solve the Boltzmann equations to demonstrate freeze-out behavior.
  • standard math Sphaleron processes convert the lepton asymmetry into the observed baryon asymmetry with the usual efficiency factor.
    Implicit in the final step that connects the generated lepton asymmetry to the baryon asymmetry of the Universe.

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