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arxiv: 2605.29297 · v1 · pith:ROTVF2KVnew · submitted 2026-05-28 · ❄️ cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Topological Lifshitz transition-induced bipolarity of anomalous Nernst effect in kagome magnet YCo3

Sheng Xu , Yue-Yang Wu , Hao-Ran Bai , Zheng Li , Shu-Xiang Li , Jun-Jian Mi , Tian-Hao Li , Ze-Wei Wang
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Ze-Kai Dong Jiang Ma Xiao-Bo Wu Qian Tao Zhu-An Xu
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Pith reviewed 2026-06-29 07:00 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.mtrl-sci
keywords kagome magnetanomalous Nernst effecttopological Lifshitz transitionWeyl nodesYCo3anomalous Hall conductivitybipolar thermoelectric
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The pith

Temperature-driven Lifshitz transition reverses the anomalous Nernst sign in YCo3

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper shows that in the kagome magnet YCo3 the anomalous Nernst coefficient changes sign near 100 K as temperature rises. This reversal arises because the evolving magnetic moments on cobalt atoms shift the Fermi level across Weyl nodes in the band structure, triggering a topological Lifshitz transition. A sympathetic reader would care because sign reversal enables bipolar thermoelectric devices that can be controlled by magnetism rather than external fields. The intrinsic nature of the effect is supported by the piecewise linear dependence of anomalous Hall conductivity on magnetization and by first-principles calculations.

Core claim

The central claim is that the bipolarity of the anomalous Nernst effect in YCo3, manifested as the sign reversal of the anomalous Nernst coefficient SAyx around 100 K, results from a temperature-induced topological Lifshitz transition. This transition is enabled by the temperature evolution of Co moments that shift the Fermi level relative to the Weyl nodes. The anomalous Hall and Nernst effects are dominated by the intrinsic mechanism, with the anomalous Hall conductivity showing a piecewise-linear dependence on magnetization consistent with the Karplus-Luttinger mechanism.

What carries the argument

Topological Lifshitz transition: a change in Fermi-surface topology when temperature-tuned magnetization moves the Fermi level across Weyl nodes.

Load-bearing premise

The first-principles calculations correctly locate the Weyl nodes and Fermi level so their relative motion with temperature produces the observed sign reversal rather than extrinsic scattering or unrelated band evolution.

What would settle it

ARPES data or refined calculations showing the Fermi level does not cross a Weyl node near 100 K while the sign reversal still occurs, or the reversal vanishing when magnetization is held fixed.

read the original abstract

The kagome lattice, renowned for hosting topological band structures and rich magnetic behaviors, offers an exceptional setting to investigate unconventional transport in magnetic topological systems. Controlling the polarity of the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) is crucial for designing flexible thermoelectric devices, such as thermopiles, where the ability to switch the thermoelectric voltage sign can dramatically enhance energy conversion efficiency and output. Here, we demonstrate such a bipolar ANE in the kagome magnet YCo3, driven by a temperature-induced topological Lifshitz transition. With a Curie temperature TC~225 K, sizable anomalous Hall and Nernst effects emerge below TC. Supported by the first-principles calculations, the AHE and ANE are suggested to be dominated by the intrinsic mechanism. Furthermore, the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity exhibits a piecewise-linear dependence on magnetization, with an abrupt slope change near 100 K, consistent with the Karplus-Luttinger mechanism. Concurrently, the anomalous Nernst coefficient SAyx reverses its sign around the same temperature, realizing the crucial bipolarity. These anomalies could be interpreted as a topological Lifshitz transition, enabled by the evolution of Co moments that could shift the Fermi level relative to Weyl nodes. Our work reveals YCo3 as a prototypical kagome magnet where temperature and magnetism directly govern both Weyl node topology and the bipolar ANE, opening a pathway to magnetically control thermoelectric output in topological quantum materials.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript reports experimental observation of sizable anomalous Hall and Nernst effects below TC ~ 225 K in the kagome magnet YCo3. The anomalous Hall conductivity shows a piecewise-linear dependence on magnetization with an abrupt slope change near 100 K, while the anomalous Nernst coefficient SAyx reverses sign at the same temperature. First-principles calculations are invoked to argue for an intrinsic (Karplus-Luttinger) mechanism, and the anomalies are suggested to arise from a temperature-induced topological Lifshitz transition in which Co-moment evolution shifts the Fermi level relative to Weyl nodes.

Significance. If the topological assignment holds, the result would demonstrate direct magnetic control over the sign of the anomalous Nernst effect via a Lifshitz transition in a kagome system, offering a route to bipolar thermoelectric response. The combination of transport data with DFT band-structure input is a standard approach in the field, but the strength of the conclusion rests entirely on the accuracy of the calculated node positions and moment-induced shifts.

major comments (2)
  1. [Discussion / first-principles section] The central claim that the observed ~100 K anomalies constitute a Lifshitz transition at Weyl nodes is load-bearing for the title and abstract interpretation. The manuscript must supply the calculated energies of the relevant Weyl nodes relative to EF together with the magnitude of the EF shift induced by the measured change in Co moment between 50 K and 150 K; without these numbers it is impossible to verify that a node crossing or van-Hove feature occurs on the experimental temperature scale.
  2. [Discussion] Typical DFT errors in absolute band positions are 0.1–0.5 eV. The paper should therefore test the robustness of the Lifshitz assignment by shifting the calculated Fermi level or node energies within this window and showing that the sign reversal and slope change remain consistent with the data only for the reported node placement.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] The abstract uses the cautious phrasing “could be interpreted”; the main text should maintain the same level of qualification when stating the Lifshitz scenario.
  2. [Figures] Figure captions and axis labels for the temperature-dependent SAyx and σxy data should explicitly state the measurement geometry and the definition of the anomalous Nernst coefficient to avoid ambiguity with the ordinary Nernst term.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the detailed and constructive report. The two major comments correctly identify that the manuscript currently lacks explicit numerical values for the Weyl-node energies and the moment-induced Fermi-level shift, as well as a robustness test against typical DFT uncertainties. We address both points below and will revise the manuscript accordingly.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Discussion / first-principles section] The central claim that the observed ~100 K anomalies constitute a Lifshitz transition at Weyl nodes is load-bearing for the title and abstract interpretation. The manuscript must supply the calculated energies of the relevant Weyl nodes relative to EF together with the magnitude of the EF shift induced by the measured change in Co moment between 50 K and 150 K; without these numbers it is impossible to verify that a node crossing or van-Hove feature occurs on the experimental temperature scale.

    Authors: We agree that the absence of these explicit numbers weakens the quantitative support for the Lifshitz-transition interpretation. In the revised manuscript we will report the DFT-computed energies of the relevant Weyl nodes relative to EF together with the calculated Fermi-level shift arising from the measured change in Co moment between 50 K and 150 K, thereby allowing direct verification that the crossing occurs on the experimental temperature scale. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Discussion] Typical DFT errors in absolute band positions are 0.1–0.5 eV. The paper should therefore test the robustness of the Lifshitz assignment by shifting the calculated Fermi level or node energies within this window and showing that the sign reversal and slope change remain consistent with the data only for the reported node placement.

    Authors: We acknowledge that typical DFT errors must be addressed. In the revision we will add a robustness analysis in which the Fermi level (or node energies) is shifted by ±0.1–0.5 eV; we will demonstrate that the qualitative features of the anomalous-Hall slope change and Nernst sign reversal remain consistent with experiment only when the nodes are placed near the reported position. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity; experimental transport data and external DFT support tentative Lifshitz interpretation without internal reduction.

full rationale

The paper reports measured sign reversal of the anomalous Nernst coefficient SAyx near 100 K together with a piecewise-linear change in anomalous Hall conductivity, both below TC ~225 K. It states that these features 'could be interpreted as a topological Lifshitz transition' enabled by Co-moment evolution shifting EF relative to Weyl nodes, with the intrinsic mechanism 'suggested' by first-principles calculations. No equation or claim reduces a derived quantity to a fitted parameter by construction, nor does any load-bearing premise rest on a self-citation chain; the Lifshitz reading is offered as one possible reading of independent experimental and cited computational results rather than a self-contained prediction.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on the accuracy of first-principles calculations for the band structure of YCo3 and on the assumption that the observed transport anomalies arise from the proposed Lifshitz transition; no explicit free parameters or new entities are introduced in the abstract.

axioms (1)
  • domain assumption First-principles calculations correctly locate the Weyl nodes and describe the temperature evolution of the Fermi level relative to them in YCo3.
    Invoked to interpret the sign reversal and slope change as a Lifshitz transition.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.1-grok · 5844 in / 1283 out tokens · 40246 ms · 2026-06-29T07:00:13.780490+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

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