Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

As of 5 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 300 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.06209.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2606.06209 v2

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measured 100 of 300 reference resolution

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Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.863886Z

measured 106 of 106 standing notices

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Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00

measured 6 of 6 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T02:49:55.902709Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

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100 of 300 outbound references displayed

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pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 883b4ad6-ab56-435e-b739-e20bca50d04b · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.169881Z

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Observation 3c555fc4-1234-44a1-82fb-a4fbd9c9adfd · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: Constraints on the Cosmic Expansion Rate and Modified Gravitational-wave Propagation.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: Constraints on the Cosmic Expansion Rate and Modified Gravitational-wave Propagation

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.245993Z

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Observation 14bea23b-d26f-4f0e-9b6e-971bc8616d24 · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.342550Z

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Observation 7550f0fc-9eff-43e9-a9ce-d8f000f4205a · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.429722Z

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Observation 69171436-3fed-4ba3-828d-eae83bf6d07a · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: Searches for Gravitational-Wave Lensing Signatures2025.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: Searches for Gravitational-Wave Lensing Signatures2025

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.471662Z

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Observation dca22cfd-2f06-417e-bffb-a9e12b16fd77 · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: Tests of General Relativity. I. Overview and General Tests.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: Tests of General Relativity. I. Overview and General Tests

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.653455Z

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Observation 654946a0-bf57-41bc-a212-f62fb8895935 · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-4.0: Updating the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog with Observations from the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-4.0: Updating the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog with Observations from the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.797345Z

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Observation 748aef7b-4b9e-4ca1-9933-50205444e30b · outbound

This paper cites GW240925 and GW250207: Astrophysical Calibration of Gravitational-wave Detectors.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GW240925 and GW250207: Astrophysical Calibration of Gravitational-wave Detectors

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:48.950485Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 10e7cc3b-4732-4783-ad27-6b3236863791 · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-5.0: An Introduction to Version 5.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-5.0: An Introduction to Version 5.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:49.123491Z

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Observation 5588dc15-3ef8-4de1-b371-7ad51603c9d9 · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-5.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-5.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:49.296127Z

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Observation 570e1196-b7f5-41f0-90ca-4c66ef804d9e · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-5.0: Observations from the Second Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run and Updates to the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-5.0: Observations from the Second Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run and Updates to the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:49.430299Z

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Observation 3d4f3196-e430-4c0b-bd1b-971ba4f82c7d · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-5.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-5.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:49.567016Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 50149fbc-c2da-432b-94ee-54c07bb4e014 · outbound

This paper cites GWTC-5.0: Constraints on the Cosmic Expansion Rate and Modified Gravitational-wave Propagation.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GWTC-5.0: Constraints on the Cosmic Expansion Rate and Modified Gravitational-wave Propagation

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:49.738023Z

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Observation edb52303-97be-4bfb-9399-ecc4516dc9cf · outbound

This paper cites Merging stellar-mass binary black holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Merging stellar-mass binary black holes

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:49.852925Z

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Observation ccdadde7-6b00-4b9d-b9f4-3432cca16bd6 · outbound

This paper cites Formation Channels of Single and Binary Stellar-Mass Black Holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Formation Channels of Single and Binary Stellar-Mass Black Holes

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.057192Z

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Observation d1c9f105-903d-4302-98bc-7fc8b2b5fb3c · outbound

This paper cites The binary pulsar: physical processes, possible companions, and evolutionary histories.Astrophys.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The binary pulsar: physical processes, possible companions, and evolutionary histories.Astrophys

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.168968Z

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Observation b71bd207-b3fb-444c-816d-54ba2e6010fa · outbound

This paper cites The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.381161Z

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Observation cf5af65d-d034-4743-85e8-24b5a33b52d9 · outbound

This paper cites The merger rate of neutron star and black hole binaries.Mon.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The merger rate of neutron star and black hole binaries.Mon

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.502355Z

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Observation 8b5e0243-e376-4a87-8f8f-6251f103c032 · outbound

This paper cites Formation of Double Compact Objects.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Formation of Double Compact Objects

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.634533Z

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Observation 82b34176-5bb3-4d15-9436-6eceb2b5e08e · outbound

This paper cites Common Envelope Evolution: Where we stand and how we can move forward.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Common Envelope Evolution: Where we stand and how we can move forward

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.743960Z

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Observation 52a32684-561e-44a2-8478-1cc572067340 · outbound

This paper cites The first gravitational-wave source from the isolated evolution of two 40-100 Msun stars.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The first gravitational-wave source from the isolated evolution of two 40-100 Msun stars

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.847664Z

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Observation 6bfc5d31-3829-4bab-b371-431217a8c711 · outbound

This paper cites Formation pathway of Population III coalescing binary black holes through stable mass transfer.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Formation pathway of Population III coalescing binary black holes through stable mass transfer

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:50.948897Z

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Observation 557722ba-5778-4155-9d31-2522fb54d208 · outbound

This paper cites Stability of mass transfer from massive giants: double black-hole binary formation and ultra-luminous X-ray sources.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Stability of mass transfer from massive giants: double black-hole binary formation and ultra-luminous X-ray sources

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.080899Z

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Observation ede034fe-c9fe-41af-b347-96e81d80d0a3 · outbound

This paper cites Forming short-period Wolf-Rayet X-ray binaries and double black holes through stable mass transfer.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Forming short-period Wolf-Rayet X-ray binaries and double black holes through stable mass transfer

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.175800Z

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Observation 460591de-6b33-43e8-b13f-a618eeb28f46 · outbound

This paper cites The effect of the metallicity-specific star formation history on double compact object mergers.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The effect of the metallicity-specific star formation history on double compact object mergers

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.253628Z

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Observation 253ef8af-25b1-469a-82a1-e8aec1d8bca1 · outbound

This paper cites Merging binary black holes formed through chemically homogeneous evolution in short-period stellar binaries.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Merging binary black holes formed through chemically homogeneous evolution in short-period stellar binaries

Reference 26

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.432136Z

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Observation bca968f9-5cf8-4c8a-84f2-72663c0324c1 · outbound

This paper cites The chemically homogeneous evolutionary channel for binary black hole mergers: rates and properties of gravitational-wave events detectable by advanced LIGO.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The chemically homogeneous evolutionary channel for binary black hole mergers: rates and properties of gravitational-wave events detectable by advanced LIGO

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.555299Z

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Observation 30fe8a0c-641d-479c-a017-b6fba670d3a2 · outbound

This paper cites A new route towards merging massive black holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins A new route towards merging massive black holes

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.559678Z

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Observation 719c6c20-2dc1-4a0d-9bec-a4b2341764e7 · outbound

This paper cites Black hole mergers in the universe.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black hole mergers in the universe

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.563756Z

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Observation 7a92f5da-9828-4052-840d-d1f91ee6ab26 · outbound

This paper cites Primordial black holes in globular clusters.Nature1993,364, 423–425.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Primordial black holes in globular clusters.Nature1993,364, 423–425

Reference 30

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.567842Z

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Observation 2bf7c208-d2f6-4396-8116-5aa998f36db2 · outbound

This paper cites Mergers of Stellar-Mass Black Holes in Nuclear Star Clusters.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Mergers of Stellar-Mass Black Holes in Nuclear Star Clusters

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.572327Z

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Observation 4fae0465-6cc3-4c2f-b033-bf276f3e66d1 · outbound

This paper cites The formation of massive black holes through collision runaway in dense young star clusters.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The formation of massive black holes through collision runaway in dense young star clusters

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.576361Z

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Observation 10a5cda2-05db-41c1-b7c2-e6e90dca62a1 · outbound

This paper cites Intermediate mass black holes in AGN disks: I. Production & Growth.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Intermediate mass black holes in AGN disks: I. Production & Growth

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.580461Z

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Observation 1b796e82-f7a4-4918-9820-3be57b561983 · outbound

This paper cites Migration Traps in Disks Around Supermassive Black Holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Migration Traps in Disks Around Supermassive Black Holes

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.585055Z

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Observation afdf7d6d-f57c-4541-8cb9-671be581a5b7 · outbound

This paper cites Rapid and Bright Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Rapid and Bright Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.589371Z

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Observation e4f693b4-1ac0-43c4-b5da-fe57560f0d3a · outbound

This paper cites Assisted Inspirals of Stellar Mass Black Holes Embedded in AGN Disks: Solving the "Final AU Problem".

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Assisted Inspirals of Stellar Mass Black Holes Embedded in AGN Disks: Solving the "Final AU Problem"

Reference 36

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.593327Z

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Observation 1c25880c-851c-444d-ae7d-3a4073b753d0 · outbound

This paper cites Orbital Migration of Interacting Stellar Mass Black Holes in Disks around Supermassive Black Holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Orbital Migration of Interacting Stellar Mass Black Holes in Disks around Supermassive Black Holes

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.597605Z

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Observation 1e51fd44-ad0c-4a9e-b2fa-50598471a2e2 · outbound

This paper cites Formation and Evolution of Compact Object Binaries in AGN Disks.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Formation and Evolution of Compact Object Binaries in AGN Disks

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.601692Z

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Observation 74138627-9f9e-46c4-9b83-d2e29f9f12fe · outbound

This paper cites Lidov-Kozai Cycles with Gravitational Radiation: Merging Black Holes in Isolated Triple Systems.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Lidov-Kozai Cycles with Gravitational Radiation: Merging Black Holes in Isolated Triple Systems

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.606719Z

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Observation 4c5b6fce-c905-4e76-afe1-dddf08afa40a · outbound

This paper cites Black Hole and Neutron Star Binary Mergers in Triple Systems: Merger Fraction and Spin–Orbit Misalignment.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black Hole and Neutron Star Binary Mergers in Triple Systems: Merger Fraction and Spin–Orbit Misalignment

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.610774Z

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Observation 80616031-9a2d-4f99-bb0f-2cf4a8b061ce · outbound

This paper cites Binary black hole mergers from field triples: properties, rates and the impact of stellar evolution.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Binary black hole mergers from field triples: properties, rates and the impact of stellar evolution

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.614968Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6066bcb5-5453-40a4-8a2a-b2c3fe5fc5ff · outbound

This paper cites Precessional dynamics of black hole triples: binary mergers with near-zero effective spin.Mon Not R Astron Soc Lett2018,480, L58–L62.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Precessional dynamics of black hole triples: binary mergers with near-zero effective spin.Mon Not R Astron Soc Lett2018,480, L58–L62

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.619241Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 02f8aef5-9a2c-47e3-b76b-908c87dff21b · outbound

This paper cites Evolution of massive stellar triples and implications for compact object binary formation.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Evolution of massive stellar triples and implications for compact object binary formation

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.623425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c81fb3e3-feb9-40c4-bb16-087c13b43bdb · outbound

This paper cites Sur l’application des séries de M.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Sur l’application des séries de M

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.627890Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation be6b899a-2246-4fc8-9647-6f0f1bd3208a · outbound

This paper cites The evolution of orbits of artificial satellites of planets under the action of gravitational perturbations of external bodies.Planet.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The evolution of orbits of artificial satellites of planets under the action of gravitational perturbations of external bodies.Planet

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.632022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c92e133e-89b9-4755-be64-afce98007fd3 · outbound

This paper cites Secular perturbations of asteroids with high inclination and eccentricity.Astron.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Secular perturbations of asteroids with high inclination and eccentricity.Astron

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.635917Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 21cad381-9f37-4ad2-96d1-e0d9d9312860 · outbound

This paper cites The Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Effect and Its Applications.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Effect and Its Applications

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.639969Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 310a3a3e-4166-474f-9a3d-cc1e05a776f5 · outbound

This paper cites Fast core rotation in red-giant stars revealed by gravity-dominated mixed modes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Fast core rotation in red-giant stars revealed by gravity-dominated mixed modes

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.643760Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4d74f30b-fd8e-410d-b45a-0537d692b4f8 · outbound

This paper cites Spin down of the core rotation in red giants.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Spin down of the core rotation in red giants

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.648318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e4e49a3b-2947-4e30-9f50-158b17c532f5 · outbound

This paper cites Implications of Rapid Core Rotation in Red Giants for Internal Angular Momentum Transport in Stars.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Implications of Rapid Core Rotation in Red Giants for Internal Angular Momentum Transport in Stars

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.652371Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 08824937-d481-4452-8a20-f544a89a7e54 · outbound

This paper cites Seismic constraints on the radial dependence of the internal rotation profiles of six Kepler subgiants and young red giants.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Seismic constraints on the radial dependence of the internal rotation profiles of six Kepler subgiants and young red giants

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.656388Z

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Observation c587d108-b70c-49bc-ba7c-f09ed99a46e8 · outbound

This paper cites Angular Momentum Transport via Internal Gravity Waves in Evolving Stars.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Angular Momentum Transport via Internal Gravity Waves in Evolving Stars

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.660246Z

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Observation fecb03d8-da12-4b17-a8a6-fe6d4f9a1b56 · outbound

This paper cites Angular momentum transport within evolved low-mass stars.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Angular momentum transport within evolved low-mass stars

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.664638Z

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Observation c75b43a0-8ff4-49e4-aaeb-5521c4232e12 · outbound

This paper cites White Dwarf Rotation as a Function of Mass and a Dichotomy of Mode Linewidths: Kepler Observations of 27 Pulsating DA White Dwarfs Through K2 Campaign 8.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins White Dwarf Rotation as a Function of Mass and a Dichotomy of Mode Linewidths: Kepler Observations of 27 Pulsating DA White Dwarfs Through K2 Campaign 8

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.668471Z

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Observation 46e5e5fb-20c5-4d06-98f7-ce1f5fef101c · outbound

This paper cites Core rotation braking on the red giant branch for various mass ranges.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Core rotation braking on the red giant branch for various mass ranges

Reference 55

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.672939Z

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Observation e68808b8-0ad3-4c01-9298-27f9096d1993 · outbound

This paper cites The Adiabatic Stability of Stars Containing Magnetic Fields–I: T OROIDAL F IELDS.Mon Not R Astron Soc1973, 161, 365–380.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The Adiabatic Stability of Stars Containing Magnetic Fields–I: T OROIDAL F IELDS.Mon Not R Astron Soc1973, 161, 365–380

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.676989Z

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Observation 5f5152d2-0319-44ba-8e94-d21835f30476 · outbound

This paper cites Dynamo action by differential rotation in a stably stratified stellar interior.A&A2002,381, 923–932.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Dynamo action by differential rotation in a stably stratified stellar interior.A&A2002,381, 923–932

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.680753Z

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Observation ffce1f05-8d6d-46c6-bdd9-68b969132904 · outbound

This paper cites Slowing the Spins of Stellar Cores.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Slowing the Spins of Stellar Cores

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.684505Z

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Observation bb92b2a0-60a4-4849-bdbd-01b27de9a746 · outbound

This paper cites Most Black Holes are Born Very Slowly Rotating.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Most Black Holes are Born Very Slowly Rotating

Reference 59

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.688740Z

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Observation 2eb6d15a-33eb-4170-b99a-94b4c9a1c716 · outbound

This paper cites Angular momentum transport in massive stars and natal neutron star rotation rates.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Angular momentum transport in massive stars and natal neutron star rotation rates

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.692925Z

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Observation d801dd22-c366-4bdb-bdde-819a23c1a3c2 · outbound

This paper cites The evolutionary roads leading to low effective spins, high black hole masses, and O1/O2 rates of LIGO/Virgo binary black holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The evolutionary roads leading to low effective spins, high black hole masses, and O1/O2 rates of LIGO/Virgo binary black holes

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.696982Z

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Observation 8994f850-5c94-436c-a30e-caddd2fb34e9 · outbound

This paper cites Compact Binary Coalescences: Astrophysical Processes and Lessons Learned.Galaxies2022, 10, 76.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Compact Binary Coalescences: Astrophysical Processes and Lessons Learned.Galaxies2022, 10, 76

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.701081Z

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Observation bdec4c72-a47e-40e7-84a0-a74ca58e6422 · outbound

This paper cites Suspicious Siblings: The Distribution of Mass and Spin Across Component Black Holes in Isolated Binary Evolution.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Suspicious Siblings: The Distribution of Mass and Spin Across Component Black Holes in Isolated Binary Evolution

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.705020Z

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Observation 9d641820-b333-47a0-8390-bb1ebf5dbd0c · outbound

This paper cites The $\chi_\mathrm{eff}-z$ correlation of field binary black hole mergers and how 3G gravitational-wave detectors can constrain it.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The $\chi_\mathrm{eff}-z$ correlation of field binary black hole mergers and how 3G gravitational-wave detectors can constrain it

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.709202Z

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Observation 59a72a72-007c-4685-8369-75cf5350b75d · outbound

This paper cites GW150914: Spin based constraints on the merger time of the progenitor system.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins GW150914: Spin based constraints on the merger time of the progenitor system

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.713439Z

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Observation f7bdf3c8-00fa-4bd5-8b4b-72c331157472 · outbound

This paper cites Implications of the low binary black hole aligned spins observed by LIGO.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Implications of the low binary black hole aligned spins observed by LIGO

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.718018Z

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Observation 4d89dd64-17fe-4071-b8a2-d82a9ab4f86c · outbound

This paper cites The expected spins of gravitational wave sources with isolated field binary progenitors.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society2018,473, 4174–4178.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The expected spins of gravitational wave sources with isolated field binary progenitors.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society2018,473, 4174–4178

Reference 67

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.722182Z

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Observation 8f268326-7089-4eb9-b139-4a7f00e7cb99 · outbound

This paper cites The spin of the second-born black hole in coalescing binary black holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The spin of the second-born black hole in coalescing binary black holes

Reference 68

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.726216Z

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Observation b70dfd88-61bf-4409-8dfd-f8d5ac43627b · outbound

This paper cites The impact of mass-transfer physics on the observable properties of field binary black hole populations.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The impact of mass-transfer physics on the observable properties of field binary black hole populations

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.730201Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9fe8654d-1634-4009-8834-086b6e5ce64b · outbound

This paper cites Tidal Spin-up of Black Hole Progenitor Stars.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Tidal Spin-up of Black Hole Progenitor Stars

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.736009Z

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Observation d687dd63-1088-4d92-b001-150f373487b9 · outbound

This paper cites Reassessing the Spin of Second-born Black Holes in Coa- lescing Binary Black Holes and Its Connection to the chi_eff-q Correlation.Astron.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Reassessing the Spin of Second-born Black Holes in Coa- lescing Binary Black Holes and Its Connection to the chi_eff-q Correlation.Astron

Reference 71

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.740502Z

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Observation 964de0f3-b0e5-4cf5-830b-bb2fe3e0e7a8 · outbound

This paper cites One Channel to Rule Them All? Constraining the Origins of Binary Black Holes using Multiple Formation Pathways.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins One Channel to Rule Them All? Constraining the Origins of Binary Black Holes using Multiple Formation Pathways

Reference 72

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.744308Z

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Observation cc5831c0-4b6d-4088-9e26-bc66941105b2 · outbound

This paper cites Unequal-mass highly spinning binary black hole mergers in the stable mass transfer formation channel.A&A2024,689, A305.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Unequal-mass highly spinning binary black hole mergers in the stable mass transfer formation channel.A&A2024,689, A305

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.748863Z

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Observation d08859ab-5366-4a90-b0cb-fc72a78414e9 · outbound

This paper cites Black Hole Accretion and Spin-up Through Stellar Collisions in Dense Star Clusters.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black Hole Accretion and Spin-up Through Stellar Collisions in Dense Star Clusters

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.753298Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e5d4cc2c-16b4-4d88-854d-bde990dd701f · outbound

This paper cites Hierarchical mergers of stellar-mass black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Hierarchical mergers of stellar-mass black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures

Reference 75

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.757540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a0c2de93-b447-417f-9e66-a38822d32818 · outbound

This paper cites Evolution of Binary Black Hole Spacetimes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Evolution of Binary Black Hole Spacetimes

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.761647Z

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Observation cfcfdbd0-c78b-4d31-af5f-dbd06411e63b · outbound

This paper cites High-accuracy waveforms for binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins High-accuracy waveforms for binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.765830Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fcc1f80d-f8e4-444d-9e26-4415f4cef115 · outbound

This paper cites Gravitational-wave kicks impact spins of black holes from hierarchical mergers.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Gravitational-wave kicks impact spins of black holes from hierarchical mergers

Reference 78

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.769731Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a1354094-ae52-4a9f-a10a-d031c5ef1069 · outbound

This paper cites Total recoil: the maximum kick from nonspinning black-hole binary inspiral.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Total recoil: the maximum kick from nonspinning black-hole binary inspiral

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.774093Z

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Observation 3b947e92-819d-472b-8f19-df74bcf96400 · outbound

This paper cites Large Merger Recoils and Spin Flips From Generic Black-Hole Binaries.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Large Merger Recoils and Spin Flips From Generic Black-Hole Binaries

Reference 80

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.778275Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b12603f7-90d8-4f7d-b971-31b6a2fa02c1 · outbound

This paper cites The Distribution of Recoil Velocities from Merging Black Holes.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins The Distribution of Recoil Velocities from Merging Black Holes

Reference 81

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.782304Z

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Observation e330e8ad-2bdd-496a-bd03-e55071a0fa9e · outbound

This paper cites Gravitational Recoil From Accretion-Aligned Black-Hole Binaries.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Gravitational Recoil From Accretion-Aligned Black-Hole Binaries

Reference 82

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.787187Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 90439311-382c-4e74-8bde-4795d74dac17 · outbound

This paper cites Black-hole kicks from numerical-relativity surrogate models.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black-hole kicks from numerical-relativity surrogate models

Reference 83

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.791666Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b2061c81-d447-44d5-8477-a9aaa59a98cc · outbound

This paper cites Black Holes: The Next Generation -- Repeated Mergers in Dense Star Clusters and their Gravitational-Wave Properties.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black Holes: The Next Generation -- Repeated Mergers in Dense Star Clusters and their Gravitational-Wave Properties

Reference 84

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.795690Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1cbfb34c-2f49-4267-89d0-d9185e675abd · outbound

This paper cites Hierarchical binary black hole mergers in globular clusters: Mass function and evolution with redshift.A&A2024,688, A148.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Hierarchical binary black hole mergers in globular clusters: Mass function and evolution with redshift.A&A2024,688, A148

Reference 85

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.799578Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation beb346ec-9ce2-4d8a-bcf8-9007a5883a81 · outbound

This paper cites MOCCA-SURVEY Database I: Assessing GW kick retention fractions for BH-BH mergers in globular clusters.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins MOCCA-SURVEY Database I: Assessing GW kick retention fractions for BH-BH mergers in globular clusters

Reference 86

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.803380Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation de80e3cc-9e39-4c30-8108-2839fba40975 · outbound

This paper cites Black hole growth through hierarchical black hole mergers in dense star clusters: implications for gravitational wave detections.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black hole growth through hierarchical black hole mergers in dense star clusters: implications for gravitational wave detections

Reference 87

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.808207Z

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Observation f4d4efaa-6cb4-4fec-afea-bf15612fe49e · outbound

This paper cites Avoiding a Cluster Catastrophe: Retention Efficiency and the Binary Black Hole Mass Spectrum.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Avoiding a Cluster Catastrophe: Retention Efficiency and the Binary Black Hole Mass Spectrum

Reference 88

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.813102Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a4600f61-3c92-41d1-87b8-59a775819448 · outbound

This paper cites Constraining hierarchical mergers of binary black holes detectable with LIGO-Virgo.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Constraining hierarchical mergers of binary black holes detectable with LIGO-Virgo

Reference 89

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.817124Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f8abe10e-0ff1-49c8-b114-4ee901c7e4c6 · outbound

This paper cites Fingerprints of binary black hole formation channels encoded in the mass and spin of merger remnants.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Fingerprints of binary black hole formation channels encoded in the mass and spin of merger remnants

Reference 90

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.821924Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 071f7fd6-e44e-49e2-a874-dd1e76ab7a76 · outbound

This paper cites Mass and rate of hierarchical black hole mergers in young, globular and nuclear star clusters.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Mass and rate of hierarchical black hole mergers in young, globular and nuclear star clusters

Reference 91

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.826419Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation db4ed9e6-71c9-459c-95b9-e0067fcfd69c · outbound

This paper cites Hierarchical black hole mergers in young, globular and nuclear star clusters: the effect of metallicity, spin and cluster properties.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Hierarchical black hole mergers in young, globular and nuclear star clusters: the effect of metallicity, spin and cluster properties

Reference 92

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.830416Z

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Observation 8b7b2f2f-2c41-4cf9-828c-4ca1a969a255 · outbound

This paper cites McFACTS I: Testing the LVK AGN channel with Monte Carlo For AGN Channel Testing & Simulation (McFACTS).

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins McFACTS I: Testing the LVK AGN channel with Monte Carlo For AGN Channel Testing & Simulation (McFACTS)

Reference 93

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.834827Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ce1d355d-04f1-48e9-ad43-3d8f8412c47d · outbound

This paper cites McFacts III: Compact binary mergers from AGN disks over an entire synthetic universe.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins McFacts III: Compact binary mergers from AGN disks over an entire synthetic universe

Reference 94

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.838749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56054639-eb24-4b21-baf8-2bf07b31892c · outbound

This paper cites Spin orbit misalignment in close binaries with two compact objects.Astrophys.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Spin orbit misalignment in close binaries with two compact objects.Astrophys

Reference 95

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.843474Z

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Observation 964d12b3-9aef-41d3-b33f-9dceaa846d28 · outbound

This paper cites Searching for Gravitational Waves from the Inspiral of Precessing Binary Systems: Astrophysical Expectations and Detection Efficiency of "Spiky'' Templates.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Searching for Gravitational Waves from the Inspiral of Precessing Binary Systems: Astrophysical Expectations and Detection Efficiency of "Spiky'' Templates

Reference 96

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.847169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 610e2bd6-df58-499f-96d6-3ba4bd00819e · outbound

This paper cites Illuminating Black Hole Binary Formation Channels with Spins in Advanced LIGO.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Illuminating Black Hole Binary Formation Channels with Spins in Advanced LIGO

Reference 97

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.851200Z

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Observation e987d7d8-8ff9-4705-baaa-c48d3abb2dcc · outbound

This paper cites Formation of the first three gravitational-wave observations through isolated binary evolution.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Formation of the first three gravitational-wave observations through isolated binary evolution

Reference 98

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.855277Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e2e32d0e-4770-45a4-b449-7d93436d1a40 · outbound

This paper cites Orbital Characteristics of Binary Systems after Asymmetric Supernova Explosions.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Orbital Characteristics of Binary Systems after Asymmetric Supernova Explosions

Reference 99

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.859346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a8c40b57-2095-4f12-b174-a5ad511aee26 · outbound

This paper cites Black Hole Spin-Orbit Misalignment in Galactic X-ray Binaries.

The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins Black Hole Spin-Orbit Misalignment in Galactic X-ray Binaries

Reference 100

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:20:51.863886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 13b3756b-e7ec-4301-a2a8-f057cf24dc89 · inbound

Evidence for additional structure in the effective spin distribution hints at multiple formation pathways in GWTC-5.0 cites this paper.

Evidence for additional structure in the effective spin distribution hints at multiple formation pathways in GWTC-5.0 The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

Reference 18

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-03T12:58:07.876302Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 8c2fdddb-f8c2-4b86-9b05-935ad2cf8040 · inbound

When the black holes align: a subpopulation of aligned massive binary black holes observed via gravitational waves cites this paper.

When the black holes align: a subpopulation of aligned massive binary black holes observed via gravitational waves The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

Reference 60

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-26T07:39:07.580923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 1cec9107-1d71-4c31-8fdb-079c1667745b · inbound

Modern tidal interaction models for rapid binary population synthesis: II. Binary black hole formation, mergers, and spins cites this paper.

Modern tidal interaction models for rapid binary population synthesis: II. Binary black hole formation, mergers, and spins The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

Reference 165

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-04T12:09:49.323795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 97128e11-5cb4-4c33-ac5a-7b2147332848 · inbound

Joint population and strong-lensing inference for resolved gravitational-wave events probes the black-hole merger rate beyond the peak of star formation cites this paper.

Joint population and strong-lensing inference for resolved gravitational-wave events probes the black-hole merger rate beyond the peak of star formation The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

Reference 125

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-30T14:34:46.165849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation e663cb05-b85d-4097-bd90-d6a546ae870a · inbound

Distinct spin properties and astrophysical origin of low mass binary black holes in gravitational wave data cites this paper.

Distinct spin properties and astrophysical origin of low mass binary black holes in gravitational wave data The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-02T07:56:46.877631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.

Observation 024a1c6b-f8a3-4122-91b9-290f5b29b50c · inbound

Signatures of Black Hole Spin in Horizon-Scale Polarimetry cites this paper.

Signatures of Black Hole Spin in Horizon-Scale Polarimetry The first decade of gravitational-wave measurements of black hole spins

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T02:49:55.902709Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.