Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T01:58:59.470291Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 52 of 52 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2607.14536.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T01:58:59.470291Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
52 of 52 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation b6478e77-768b-4064-8758-af61d2920cb4 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Dion: Distributed orthonormalized updates.arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.05295,
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cbc04a75-f5c5-42a3-bc97-a39d6e2ddab4 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Asgo: Adaptive structured gradient optimization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.20762,
Reference 3
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ef5667fd-e342-40ed-99d3-7b7dae37b856 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Towards understanding of orthogonalization in muon
Reference 6
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8efe9be9-d689-4eff-97ff-25674660cb43 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum A Note on Stability for Orthogonalized Matrix Momentum with Client Sampling
Reference 8
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c13f7f6d-c441-400d-bd26-a03b5da86492 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Momentum Improves Normalized SGD
Reference 9
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f896f2c0-0693-4214-8ad5-a006bf549f9a · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum RMNP: Row-Momentum Normalized Preconditioning for Scalable Matrix-Based Optimization
Reference 11
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d7c76543-5380-4bc7-b31d-1b78439499d0 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Towards quantifying the hes- sian structure of neural networks.ArXiv, abs/2505.02809,
Reference 12
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6e6d1440-26d7-4d8e-935a-31719f2950ad · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum A stable whitening optimizer for efficient neural network training.arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.07254,
Reference 14
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Observation b9c86b42-cc2f-460a-b43b-c793750250a5 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Accelerating newton-schulz iteration for orthogonalization via chebyshev-type polynomials.arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.10935,
Reference 15
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 57800599-fdbc-4cc5-b6e9-0b5dcd005c29 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Error feedback for muon and friends.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.00643,
Reference 16
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b1539bd7-e743-4000-98d5-7ac72f3e20d0 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Effective quantization of muon optimizer states.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.23106,
Reference 17
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 10f40f6a-933f-426d-ad80-6a7aac84ea9b · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum One LR Doesn't Fit All: Heavy-Tail Guided Layerwise Learning Rates for LLMs
Reference 18
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9b97021b-231a-435c-a276-fdc26babb26e · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Muon: An optimizer for hidden layers in neural networks, 2024.URL https://kellerjordan
Reference 20
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dbbab644-5b21-4f46-9a4e-70ba3cabd3bc · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Kingma and Jimmy Ba
Reference 22
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Observation c3adbebd-adde-4e3d-aeb9-4b56aa6c498c · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum A Note on the Convergence of Muon
Reference 24
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6c6b34f7-ec05-4ab8-9e97-050576f90874 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Muon is Scalable for LLM Training
Reference 25
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5a53e40f-6504-487b-9223-539d18ec29c9 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Improved convergence rates of muon optimizer for nonconvex optimization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.19400,
Reference 27
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3fe3f01d-38df-4f88-bbed-ca3bfaf54673 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Spectral Flattening Is All Muon Needs: How Orthogonalization Controls Learning Rate and Convergence
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 870b6145-21cc-44bc-9ae0-b3afb72e1021 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Training Deep Learning Models with Norm-Constrained LMOs
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 396b7c96-50e8-4c88-af32-9f4f0d2e4209 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Lions and Muons: Optimization via Stochastic Frank-Wolfe under Heavy-Tailed Noise
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9ac3607e-eab5-45bc-861b-281d26212261 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Practical Efficiency of Muon for Pretraining
Reference 32
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3d46af02-ce28-4c21-b800-60b78f998cf8 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Adafactor: Adaptive Learning Rates with Sublinear Memory Cost
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6d826c50-3951-4413-bbf3-3c7d8feafd5f · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum A Distributed Data-Parallel PyTorch Implementation of the Distributed Shampoo Optimizer for Training Neural Networks At-Scale
Reference 35
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eccd216f-e81d-4910-8b1c-5d0caeeec10b · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Beyond the ideal: Analyzing the inexact muon update.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.19933,
Reference 36
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 46d52726-7bf9-4034-a44e-92ac250684cc · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Muon is Not That Special: Random or Inverted Spectra Work Just as Well
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ed1511da-0f61-4333-b435-5942df674eae · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Adamuon: Adaptive muon optimizer.arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.11005,
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 44bcb7b7-4b37-4c75-9bef-1c19fc08d128 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 69b88092-6cda-4c82-b93a-68dee7a6b7b9 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum SOAP: Improving and Stabilizing Shampoo using Adam
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 89bb6eb8-798b-4d5c-8c6a-278523ea9871 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum FOAM: Blocked State Folding for Memory-Efficient LLM Training
Reference 41
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3d138f25-3399-4eaf-bd38-20e42e225a24 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum On the width scaling of neural optimizers under matrix operator norms i: Row/column normalization and hyperparameter transfer.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.09952,
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bd0f53ac-6b1c-47ec-96bf-825f239333de · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum MARS: Unleashing the Power of Variance Reduction for Training Large Models
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 146bd240-389c-4007-9005-e49d4b5bbaec · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum AdaGrad Meets Muon: Adaptive Stepsizes for Orthogonal Updates
Reference 44
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4e75b75a-8679-4bed-9317-a165571041f1 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Adam improves muon: Adaptive moment estimation with orthogonalized momentum.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.17080,
Reference 45
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c55a9958-41fd-4dfa-9b49-0fb8d195c6b7 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Why Transformers Need Adam: A Hessian Perspective
Reference 46
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5f996c8b-c93f-4812-977b-69afa1120047 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Dongruo Zhou, Pan Xu, and Quanquan Gu
Reference 47
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7a2ed3ec-6b1a-432b-a9a7-b6b54a140fb8 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 732cb2cf-693c-4585-a289-c6b56ac63f39 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum The model has123 .59M trainable parameters
Reference 49
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 305d1632-1bc4-4e11-8fdd-0b495afd8e2e · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Unresolved cited work
Reference 50
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a0176ffd-d426-4cfe-a9f4-c955175ecb30 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 19362d81-6115-4c7a-ab80-a17dad70e600 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum In these settings, the selected markers for narrower or vectorized representations occur at larger learning rates than the native and square markers
Reference 52
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 77f2db4d-028e-4a73-b3e3-ed929626b149 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Convergence Bound and Critical Batch Size of Muon Optimizer
Reference 2001
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 32602136-5368-45e8-81d1-9a4edd0a6678 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Turbo-Muon: Almost-Orthogonal Pre-Conditioning for Fast Muon Updates
Reference 2009
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b8d2b3fa-77f9-4be2-adaa-f649b8345ebd · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Old Optimizer, New Norm: An Anthology
Reference 2010
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ed0993ad-a037-4ec5-be3d-a2d68b3a1396 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
Reference 2015
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 40c630d3-1549-4ae7-a5da-a098966ee331 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum On the Convergence Analysis of Muon
Reference 2018
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 76fda286-b3b7-4c75-8c6d-04316cf8a1cb · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum SWAN: SGD with Normalization and Whitening Enables Stateless LLM Training
Reference 2019
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 77855437-811a-45bc-a879-1a1718058ae8 · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Momentum-Based Variance Reduction in Non-Convex SGD
Reference 2020
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8f869083-9683-4abf-9048-54ea40b9687f · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Florian Hübler, Thomas Pethick, and Suvrit Sra
Reference 2021
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5bfd9b92-f247-4ce5-8006-293a787cadfb · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum SPIDER: Near-Optimal Non-Convex Optimization via Stochastic Path Integrated Differential Estimator
Reference 2023
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ae0a97f0-11a6-46d1-bb2b-3dfc045da18f · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum Muonbp: Faster muon via block-periodic orthogonalization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.16981,
Reference 2024
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 78c90d0c-209a-42e8-a4e3-17d1e1482d3d · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum The Polar Express: Optimal Matrix Sign Methods and Their Application to the Muon Algorithm
Reference 2025
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 187d6fda-353f-479f-9bd2-11016d2e094c · outbound
Muse: Representation Geometry of Muon Beyond Normalized Momentum On the Convergence of Muon and Beyond
Reference 2026
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No inbound Pith citation observations are available.