Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 43 of 43 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2607.27421.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2607.27421 v1

Coverage vector

measured 43 of 43 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:16.249799Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

43 of 43 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved42
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation f7eb01fd-dee6-41b4-abb9-a81dbbbf9713 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:11.947035Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 609eab5d-55d2-461f-a5c5-9ea8dacbfd61 · outbound

This paper cites SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.034872Z

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Observation 99cb935d-8a34-4d25-a508-417e659b0802 · outbound

This paper cites Stable LM 2 1.6B Technical Report.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Stable LM 2 1.6B Technical Report

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.091976Z

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Observation 65404c41-f649-47d8-8a89-371012085d29 · outbound

This paper cites G.; Bradley, H.; O’Brien, K.; Hallahan, E.; Khan, M.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models G.; Bradley, H.; O’Brien, K.; Hallahan, E.; Khan, M

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.141975Z

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Observation 853831f5-1d22-4164-b2b2-8a8abf617896 · outbound

This paper cites BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.226075Z

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Observation 1b13cb8c-ae2e-4794-af67-a9e096ee4f76 · outbound

This paper cites D.; Dhariwal, P.; Neelakantan, A.; Shyam, P.; Sastry, G.; Askell, A.; et al.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models D.; Dhariwal, P.; Neelakantan, A.; Shyam, P.; Sastry, G.; Askell, A.; et al

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.417752Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4698403b-eba8-4b09-b374-62cf01f163da · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.508958Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3842a522-706e-4648-94fb-97669441f81e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.765058Z

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Observation 738c553d-f1d3-40b4-9cdf-fa26cc5bce1e · outbound

This paper cites Snips Voice Platform: an embedded Spoken Language Understanding system for private-by-design voice interfaces.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Snips Voice Platform: an embedded Spoken Language Understanding system for private-by-design voice interfaces

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.874923Z

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Observation 66f8f756-927b-4099-905e-949bed9dfa25 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.002647Z

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Observation 6066659e-09f6-433a-ab74-53ebec17c718 · outbound

This paper cites MASSIVE: A 1M-Example Multilingual Natural Language Understanding Dataset with 51 Typologically-Diverse Languages.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models MASSIVE: A 1M-Example Multilingual Natural Language Understanding Dataset with 51 Typologically-Diverse Languages

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.123451Z

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Observation c3819625-3e36-4254-934d-90e7c543c9dc · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.210741Z

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Observation 0fd724ae-f190-4f4a-bfd4-7f9be5fee48b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.309046Z

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Observation 83dea56c-8168-4043-bf5e-7334971c0ca4 · outbound

This paper cites T.; Godfrey, J.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models T.; Godfrey, J

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.566435Z

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Observation db5a7eab-adb4-4dba-96a7-ffc4d4e05f32 · outbound

This paper cites MiniCPM: Unveiling the Potential of Small Language Models with Scalable Training Strategies.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models MiniCPM: Unveiling the Potential of Small Language Models with Scalable Training Strategies

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.723217Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 8ed01634-9767-4f98-9394-e67f66b8ad85 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Mistral 7B

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.807110Z

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Observation 9bdb3dff-a445-4597-b786-2b98cb210f70 · outbound

This paper cites H.; Gonzalez, J.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models H.; Gonzalez, J

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.856631Z

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Observation 8f2ef8ca-71b0-4000-b1c5-93e26554f2b4 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Intent Classification and Slot-Filling Datasets for Task-Oriented Dialog.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models A Survey of Intent Classification and Slot-Filling Datasets for Task-Oriented Dialog

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.038284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f678d7e5-78be-49ec-b46f-3d1a91177e52 · outbound

This paper cites J.; Clarke, C.; Lee, A.; Hill, P.; Kummerfeld, J.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models J.; Clarke, C.; Lee, A.; Hill, P.; Kummerfeld, J

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.118979Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 28aa2544-eb0e-4005-bbe4-028c93438c6c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.267173Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 298e32b9-5e53-42a4-b335-cded187bace6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.354752Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 24680ef2-e027-43b0-b97c-48f9fbc88191 · outbound

This paper cites HINT3: Raising the bar for intent detection in the wild.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models HINT3: Raising the bar for intent detection in the wild

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.492436Z

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Observation 0d62e54b-80ac-49ba-863f-3b93a1597db0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.553636Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4adbec8a-b82d-45e5-9975-796b4849fe8d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.723336Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3f134bb1-19a7-41e7-b541-28fa532d8f95 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.862082Z

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Observation f846067c-c9b7-4086-98d9-8faf59a126c7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.986316Z

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Observation 6761f0ba-45a8-4887-a136-c24b195093ab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.234255Z

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Observation 8d80c15b-7731-4163-9a6f-a53f933ce77b · outbound

This paper cites Dynamic Label Name Refinement for Few-Shot Dialogue Intent Classification.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Dynamic Label Name Refinement for Few-Shot Dialogue Intent Classification

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:14.640350Z

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Observation e577fb0e-1cf4-410f-a678-97bf08bd375d · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2 Technical Report.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Qwen2 Technical Report

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.454389Z

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Observation 25c94043-b6b8-47b5-a0b1-09ba831eb835 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5 Technical Report.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Qwen2.5 Technical Report

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.566575Z

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Observation d4c84980-d8b9-4c8d-8da3-5217b37bbcbd · outbound

This paper cites SessionIntentBench: A Multi-task Inter-session Intention-shift Modeling Benchmark for E-commerce Customer Behavior Understanding.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models SessionIntentBench: A Multi-task Inter-session Intention-shift Modeling Benchmark for E-commerce Customer Behavior Understanding

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.717598Z

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Observation e5d33d2c-68e9-41a7-bd5b-65d7052bb74d · outbound

This paper cites ChatGLM: A Family of Large Language Models from GLM-130B to GLM-4 All Tools.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models ChatGLM: A Family of Large Language Models from GLM-130B to GLM-4 All Tools

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.133316Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bde8b37c-dd49-47d9-aeb3-ab800bc37327 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.833123Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 29d1ea60-1ae3-4799-aa7c-58ce5b727063 · outbound

This paper cites Y.; Guu, K.; Yu, A.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Y.; Guu, K.; Yu, A

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.369362Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 76adff53-cff3-4eb7-a893-d6fb10eaa878 · outbound

This paper cites Z.; Wallace, E.; Feng, S.; Klein, D.; and Singh, S.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Z.; Wallace, E.; Feng, S.; Klein, D.; and Singh, S

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:16.132098Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eaac4191-2e25-40be-bf8c-6a8ff7a041a1 · outbound

This paper cites IntentGrasp: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Intent Understanding.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models IntentGrasp: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Intent Understanding

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.779442Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f7680d9-0008-48c2-9f72-a14aa51e0e39 · outbound

This paper cites Yi: Open Foundation Models by 01.AI.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models Yi: Open Foundation Models by 01.AI

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.889529Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0aafa775-8dcc-486e-8416-dc39557a7fc7 · outbound

This paper cites TinyLlama: An Open-Source Small Language Model.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models TinyLlama: An Open-Source Small Language Model

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:15.982262Z

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Observation c7f86df7-3bf0-4503-a706-94ff6cabc989 · outbound

This paper cites InSpeech and Natural Language: Proceedings of a Workshop.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models InSpeech and Natural Language: Proceedings of a Workshop

Reference 1990

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.615083Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f7560e0-014d-4587-958a-b01a493b7459 · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning

Reference 2017

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.425506Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dd26cfb7-8220-426c-b89a-f79182b50b9b · outbound

This paper cites \n", "</s>.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models \n", "</s>

Reference 2021

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:16.249799Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 801235ad-bf78-4d59-bcc6-f71cc8d1805f · outbound

This paper cites InProceedings of the 29th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models InProceedings of the 29th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:13.924759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 715b7076-78a3-42f9-b383-383bd9266930 · outbound

This paper cites InternLM2 Technical Report.

Selecting Open-Weight Language Models for Zero-Shot Intent Classification: A Systematic Evaluation of 41 Models InternLM2 Technical Report

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T01:27:12.590150Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.