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Primes between 8th powers?

Number Theory · Submitted 14 Oct 2026 · 18 references

Pith's verdict: Useful conditional note with clean Sections 3–5, but Theorem 6 leans on a Legendre verification treated as an Oppermann verification, so one headline claim is unsupported as written.

T0 · AI review

How this review was made: An AI referee (deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash) read the paper on October 15, 2026 and answered a fixed list of questions about it. T0 is the starting level every paper gets. The levels describe how deeply Pith has checked the paper, never the authors.

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  5. T4 Proof Those claims proved, and the proof checked by computer.

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arXiv ID2610.20058 (version 1)
Pith IDEAUTICEU, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationMatt Visser (Victoria University of Wellington). "Primes between 8th powers?." arXiv:2610.20058 (2026). https://pith.science/paper/EAUTICEU
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Referee report
The paper

The paper claims

If every nontrivial zero of the Riemann zeta function lies at real part 7/8 or below, the paper proves primes must occur between consecutive eighth powers and inside every interval (x, x + x^{7/8}) for x > 1.

The reading

The paper takes an unproven claim — the quasi-Riemann hypothesis at exponent 7/8, that every nontrivial zero $\rho$ of the Riemann zeta function satisfies $\operatorname{Re}(\rho) \le 7/8$ — and asks exactly what it would buy for the location of primes. Assuming it, the paper proves that for every positive integer $n$ there is a prime in each of the intervals $(n^8, (n+1)^8)$, $(n^8, n^8 + 8n^7)$, and $(n^8, n^8 + n^7)$, and for every real $x > 1$ a prime in $(x, x + x^{7/8})$. The point is explicitness and uniformity: unconditional results currently guarantee primes only between consecutive 86th powers for all $n$, or between cubes for enormous $n$, and a Hoheisel-type interval of length $x^{0.525}$ only for unspecified sufficiently large $x$. Here the four guarantees hold for every $n$ and every $x > 1$, with every constant written out and each small range assigned to a finite computation or a cited verification. Everything is contingent on a hypothesis the paper itself does not verify, and which it explicitly describes as claimed rather than established.

What carries the argument

The carrier of the argument is an explicit pair of two-sided bounds on the Chebyshev functions. From the assumed zero-free half-plane $\operatorname{Re}(s) > 7/8$, a companion preprint supplies $|\psi(x) - x| < 0.04934\,x^{3/4}\ln(x)^2 + 0.02636425\,x^{7/8}$ for $x \ge e^3$; the paper combines this with the elementary estimate $0 < \psi(x) - \vartheta(x) < \sqrt{x}\,\ln(x)^2/(2\ln 2)$ to obtain asymmetric upper and lower bounds on $\vartheta(x)$ (equations 2.4 and 2.5). The mechanism that turns these bounds into primes is monotonicity: whenever the derived lower estimate for $\vartheta(b) - \vartheta(a)$ is positive, at least one prime lies in $(a,b]$, because $\vartheta$ jumps by $\ln p$ exactly at primes. Substituting the four endpoint pairs $((n+1)^8, n^8)$, $(n^8 + 8n^7, n^8)$, $(n^8 + n^7, n^8)$, and $(x + x^{7/8}, x)$, the error terms scale with the interval length at exactly the 7/8 rate, and the constants are small enough that the difference is provably positive for $x \ge 3$, $x \ge 5$, $x \ge 181$, and $x > 1.1222\times 10^{18}$, respectively, after which each remaining finite range is cleared by explicit computation.

Extended reading notes

Core claim

On the paper's own terms, the discovery is a chain of four conditional theorems. Assuming QRH 7/8 — that all nontrivial zeros $\rho$ of the Riemann zeta function satisfy $\operatorname{Re}(\rho) \le 7/8$ — the paper establishes, for all $n \in \mathbb{Z}^+$: $\pi((n+1)^8) > \pi(n^8)$, $\pi(n^8 + 8n^7) > \pi(n^8)$, and $\pi(n^8 + n^7) > \pi(n^8)$, and for all real $x > 1$: $\pi(x + x^{7/8}) > \pi(x)$. Each inequality states that at least one prime exists inside an explicit window; the narrowest integer window has relative length $1/n$, and the real window has relative length $x^{-1/8}$, so all four windows shrink to a vanishing fraction of the location as the numbers grow. The derivation is completely explicit: the hypothesis enters only through a companion preprint's two-sided estimate on the second Chebyshev function $\psi(x)$, which the paper converts into asymmetric bounds on the first Chebyshev function $\vartheta(x)$ and evaluates at the endpoints of each window, with the finite leftover ranges disposed of by direct computation. The paper states plainly that none of this stands without the hypothesis, which it describes as claimed by an unreleased AI-generated preprint collection rather than proved.

Load-bearing premise

Everything rests on the unproven claim called QRH 7/8 — that every nontrivial zero of the Riemann zeta function has real part at most 7/8 — and, within the derivation, Theorem 6 also leans on the assertion that reference [12] verifies the real-variable inequality $\pi(x + \sqrt{x}) > \pi(x)$ for $x$ up to $1.10 \times 10^{27}$, whereas the cited computation in fact verifies Legendre's conjecture for integer $n$, a weaker statement that does not imply the real-variable form the proof requires.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • If QRH 7/8 is genuine, every gap $(n^8, (n+1)^8)$ provably contains a prime, an eighth-power analogue of Legendre's conjecture, whereas the current unconditional guarantee only reaches consecutive 86th powers.
  • Primes are also guaranteed within $n^7$ of $n^8$, a relative window of length $1/n$; for large $n$ this is far shorter than any interval certified unconditionally at such small starting values.
  • The real-variable statement $\pi(x + x^{7/8}) > \pi(x)$ for every $x > 1$ would make short-interval prime guarantees uniform and explicit, replacing 'for sufficiently large $x$' with a bound that holds everywhere.
  • As a direct corollary, prime gaps would satisfy $p_{k+1} - p_k \le p_k^{7/8}$ for every prime $p_k > 1$; the exponent is weaker than the best asymptotic unconditional results, but the bound would hold for all primes with explicit constants.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The paper leaves implicit that its template is a general conversion: any claimed zero-free half-plane with exponent $\theta$ feeds the same endpoint-difference argument and yields primes in $(x, x + x^\theta)$ for all $x > 1$, so the weaker claimed exponents $11/12$ and $34999/40000$ would give the same theorems with longer windows and shorter computation ranges.
  • Not in the paper, but worth stating: the small-number checks are unconditional and could be reproduced on a laptop — nextprime$(n^8) < n^8 + n^7$ for $16 \le n \le 181$, and $\pi(x + x^{7/8}) > \pi(x)$ on a grid over $1 < x \le 10^8$ — and a single failure there would refute the corresponding theorem regardless of the zeta function.
  • Read as an algorithm rather than as one result, the paper shows that the exponent of the zero-free half-plane and the exponent of the guaranteed prime window coincide (both 7/8 here); eighth powers are one concrete output, and the really transferable content is the explicit procedure from zero location to prime location.
Original abstract

OpenAI (using a non-public "internal frontier model'') has recently (6 October 2026) made a number of remarkable claims, including some claims regarding the quasi-Riemann hypothesis (QRH). While there are good reasons to be cautious regarding these claims, one can nevertheless ask what (if true) their implications would be. While there is widespread agreement that any version of the QRH will provide various improved bounds on the location of the prime numbers, I feel that there is some value in making these improvements explicit. Specifically, if we assume validity of the claimed 7/8 version of the QRH then I shall demonstrate (for all $n\in \mathbb{Z^+}$): 1) the existence of primes between eighth powers, in the interval $(n^8,(n+1)^8)$; 2) the existence of primes in the shorter interval $(n^8,n^8+8n^7)$; 3) the existence of primes in the even shorter interval $(n^8,n^8+n^7).$ Similarly for reals greater than unity $x>1$ one can demonstrate: 4) the existence of primes in the Hoheisel-style interval $(x,x+x^{7/8})$. All of this is contingent on the validity of the claimed 7/8 version of the QRH.

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged, kept beside the review and separate from it. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-10-15: 1 request, 4,542 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.96 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.84 · compares with prior results 0.12 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

OpenAI (using a non-public "internal frontier model'') has recently (6 October 2026) made a number of remarkable claims, including some claims regarding the quasi-Riemann hypothesis (QRH). While there are good reasons to be cautious regarding these claims, one can nevertheless ask what (if true) their implications would be. While there is widespread agreement that any version of the QRH will provide various improved bounds on the location of the prime numbers, I feel that there is some value in making these improvements explicit. Specifically, if we assume validity of the claimed 7/8 version of the QRH then I shall demonstrate (for all $n\in \mathbb{Z^+}$): 1) the existence of primes between eighth powers, in the interval $(n^8,(n+1)^8)$; 2) the existence of primes in the shorter interval $(n^8,n^8+8n^7)$; 3) the existence of primes in the even shorter interval $(n^8,n^8+n^7).$ Similarly for reals greater than unity $x>1$ one can demonstrate: 4) the existence of primes in the Hoheisel-style interval $(x,x+x^{7/8})$. All of this is contingent on the validity of the claimed 7/8 version of the QRH.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 OpenAI (using a non-public "internal frontier model'') has recently (6 October 2026) made a number of remarkable claims, including some claims regarding the quasi-Riemann hypothesis (QRH). background 1.00 0.04 0.02 asserted 1.00
s1 While there are good reasons to be cautious regarding these claims, one can nevertheless ask what (if true) their implications would be. background 0.76 0.06 0.02 hedged possibility 0.62
s2 While there is widespread agreement that any version of the QRH will provide various improved bounds on the location of the prime numbers, I feel that there is some value in making these improvements explicit. background 0.63 0.09 0.04 asserted 0.58
s3 Specifically, if we assume validity of the claimed 7/8 version of the QRH then I shall demonstrate (for all $n\in \mathbb{Z^+}$): 1) the existence of primes between eighth powers, in the interval $(n^8,(n+1)^8)$; 2) the existence of primes in the shorter interval $(n^8,n^8+8n^7)$; 3) the existence of primes in the even shorter interval $(n^8,n^8+n^7).$ Similarly for reals greater than unity $x>1$ one can demonstrate: 4) the existence of primes in the Hoheisel-style interval $(x,x+x^{7/8})$. result 0.70 0.82 0.91 asserted 0.89
s4 All of this is contingent on the validity of the claimed 7/8 version of the QRH. limitation 1.00 0.12 0.06 asserted 0.63

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.93 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.93.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v1
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

References

Discussion

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