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Constraining gravitational-wave backgrounds from conversions into photons in the Galactic magnetic field

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arxiv 2406.17853 v2 pith:32EFZGJC submitted 2024-06-25 hep-ph astro-ph.HE

classification hep-phastro-ph.HE
keywords conversionsgravitational-wavefrequenciesmagneticphotonbackgroundcurrentfield
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

High-frequency gravitational waves ($f \gtrsim 1$ MHz) may provide a unique signature for the existence of exotic physics. The lack of current and future gravitational-wave experiments sensitive at those frequencies leads to the need of employing different indirect techniques. Notably, one of the most promising one is constituted by graviton-photon conversions in magnetic fields. In this work, we focus on conversions of a gravitational-wave background into photons inside the Milky-Way magnetic field, taking into account the state-of-the-art models for both regular and turbulent components. We discuss how graviton-to-photon conversions may lead to imprints in the cosmic photon background spectrum in the range of frequencies $f\sim10^{9}-10^{26}\,$Hz, where the observed photon flux is widely explained by astrophysics emission models. Hence, the absence of any significant evidence for a diffuse photon flux induced by graviton-photon conversions allows us to set stringent constraints on the gravitational-wave strain $h_c$, strengthening current astrophysical bounds by $\sim1-2$ orders of magnitude in the whole range of frequencies considered.

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Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. X-ray signals converted from high-frequency gravitational waves emitted by spinning light primordial black hole dark matter

    astro-ph.CO 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Superradiant gravitational waves from light primordial black holes can convert into X-ray photons in the Galactic magnetic field, making the PBH dark-matter scenario testable with future X-ray observatories.

  2. Constraints on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Graviton-Photon Conversion in the M87 Galaxy

    hep-ph 2026-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Graviton–photon conversion in M87's magnetic field sets h_c and Ωgw h² limits 1–5 orders of magnitude tighter than Milky Way-based bounds across 10^10–10^27 Hz.

  3. Graviton Photoproduction by a Kerr-Newman Black Hole with Worldline EFT

    hep-th 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The graviton-to-photon conversion amplitude for a Kerr-Newman black hole is computed through O(S^2) in the long-wavelength worldline EFT and shown to be fully determined by the black hole's electromagnetic and mass mu...

  4. Gravitational Wave Detection With Plasma Haloscopes

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A full analysis of gravitational wave detection in plasma haloscopes shows anisotropic wire arrays lose sensitivity at high frequency, while isotropic arrays recover it.

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