The negative thermal expansion mechanism of zirconium tungstate, ZrW2O8

Negative thermal expansion in ZrW2O8 was investigated using a flexibility analysis of ab-initio phonons. It was shown that no previously proposed mechanism adequately describes the atomic-scale origin of negative thermal expansion in this material. Instead it was found that NTE in ZrW2O8 is driven, not by a single mechanism, but by wide bands of phonons that resemble vibrations of near-rigid WO4 units and Zr-O bonds at low frequency, with deformation of O-W-O and O-Zr-O bond angles steadily increasing with increasing NTE phonon frequency. It is asserted that this phenomenon is likely to provide a more accurate explanation for NTE in many complex systems not yet studied.