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Experimental demonstration of the advantage of adaptive quantum circuits
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abstract
Adaptive quantum circuits employ unitary gates assisted by mid-circuit measurement, classical computation on the measurement outcome, and the conditional application of future unitary gates based on the result of the classical computation. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate that even a noisy adaptive quantum circuit of constant depth can achieve a task that is impossible for any purely unitary quantum circuit of identical depth: the preparation of long-range entangled topological states with high fidelity. We prepare a particular toric code ground state with fidelity of at least $76.9\pm 1.3\%$ using a constant depth ($d=4$) adaptive circuit, and rigorously show that no unitary circuit of the same depth and connectivity could prepare this state with fidelity greater than $50\%$.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Drift-resilient mid-circuit measurement and state preparation error mitigation for dynamic circuits
Parity of repeated measurements realizes an amplified readout-error channel, enabling drift-resilient, characterization-free mitigation of mid-circuit and terminating measurement and preparation errors.
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Rapid Cavity-Based Mid-Circuit Measurement and Feedforward in a Neutral Atom Array
Cavity-based technique achieves sub-100 μs mid-circuit measurement and feedforward in neutral atom arrays with sub-percent infidelity and minimal crosstalk.
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Measurement-and Feedback-Driven Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions on a Quantum Processor
A 30-qubit superconducting processor with fast mid-circuit measurement and feedback observes an absorbing-state transition in directed-percolation universality and a separate, lower-rate measurement-induced entangleme...
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Spacetime duality between sequential and measurement-feedback circuits
Sequential unitary and measurement-feedback circuits for preparing GHZ, topological, and fractal states are spacetime-dual, linking Kramers-Wannier duality to Z2 gauging and enabling constant-qubit order measurements.
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Demonstrating advantages of dynamic quantum circuits on a hybrid superconducting qubit-cavity processor
A hybrid transmon-cavity processor executes a 10-bit Bernstein-Vazirani search, 8-bit phase estimation, and Shor's algorithm factoring 15, all with dynamic qubit reuse and high success rates.
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Perspectives on Utilization of Measurements in Quantum Algorithms
A survey that categorizes quantum measurement uses into static circuits, dynamic circuits, and challenge-solving techniques, and argues measurements deserve more attention in algorithm design.
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