Photon Added Coherent States: Nondeterministic, Noiseless Amplification in Quantum Metrology

Probabilistic amplification through photon addition, at the output of an Mach-Zehnder interferometer is discussed for a coherent input state. When a metric of signal to noise ratio is considered, nondeterministic, noiseless amplification of a coherent state shows improvement over a standard coherent state, for the general addition of $m$ photons. The efficiency of realizable implementation of photon addition is also considered and shows how the collected statistics of a post selected state, depend on this efficiency. We also consider the effects of photon loss and inefficient detectors.