Dynamics of strangeness production in heavy-ion collisions near threshold energies

Within the framework of the improved isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (ImIQMD) model, the dynamics of strangeness (K$^{0,+}$, $\Lambda$ and $\Sigma^{-,0,+}$) production in heavy-ion collisions near threshold energies is investigated systematically, in which the strange particles are considered to be mainly produced by the inelastic collisions of baryon-baryon and pion-baryon. The collisions in the region of supra-saturation densities of the dense baryonic matter formed in heavy-ion collisions dominate the yields of strangeness production. The total multiplicities as functions of incident energies and collision centralities are calculated with the Skyrme parameter SLy6. The excitation function of strangeness production is analyzed and also compared with the KaoS data for the K$^{+}$ production in the reactions $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C and $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au.