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Extending Matchgate Simulation Methods to Universal Quantum Circuits

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arxiv 2302.02654 v2 pith:3TCFLNQJ submitted 2023-02-06 quant-ph

classification quant-ph
keywords boldsymbolgatesleftrightcircuitsclassicallyfracfunction
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abstract

Matchgates are a family of parity-preserving two-qubit gates, nearest-neighbour circuits of which are known to be classically simulable in polynomial time. In this work, we present a simulation method to classically simulate an $\boldsymbol{n}$-qubit circuit containing $\boldsymbol{N}$ gates, $\boldsymbol{m}$ of which are universality-enabling gates and $\boldsymbol{N-m}$ of which are matchgates, in the setting of single-qubit Pauli measurements and product state inputs. The universality-enabling gates we consider include the SWAP, CZ, and CPhase gates. For fixed $\boldsymbol{m}$ as $\boldsymbol{n} \rightarrow \boldsymbol{\infty}$, the resource cost, $\boldsymbol{T}$, scales as $\boldsymbol{\mathcal{O}\left(\left(\frac{en}{m+1}\right)^{2m+2}\right)}$. For $\boldsymbol{m}$ scaling as a linear function of $\boldsymbol{n}$, however, $\boldsymbol{T}$ scale as $\boldsymbol{\mathcal{O}\left(2^{2nH\left(\frac{m+1}{n}\right)}\right)}$, where $\boldsymbol{H}(\lambda)$ is the binary entropy function.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Efficiently simulable quantum circuits with large entanglement, magic, and non-Gaussianity via code-compiled tensor networks

    quant-ph 2026-07 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    High-rate CSS codes compile nonlocal Clifford and non-Clifford logical circuits into onsite phases and classical permutations, so MPS bond dimension stays fixed by the encoder while logical entanglement, magic, and no...

  2. Computable fermionic non-Gaussianity from the covariance matrix

    quant-ph 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Two covariance-matrix-derived entropy families are proven to be fermionic non-Gaussianity monotones, yielding SWAP-gate lower bounds and classical-simulation upper bounds.

  3. Classical simulation of parity-preserving quantum circuits

    quant-ph 2025-04 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A classical simulation method decomposes non-Matchgate parity-preserving gates into a Gaussian fermionic tensor plus a universal quartic correction, enabling precomputed parameter sweeps and truncated approximations.

  4. Efficiently learning fermionic unitaries with few non-Gaussian gates

    quant-ph 2025-04 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    An efficient learning algorithm reconstructs fermionic circuits built from Gaussian unitaries plus a constant number of parity-preserving non-Gaussian gates, up to small diamond-norm error.

  5. ExtraFerm: An Extended Matchgate Simulator

    quant-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An open-source simulator computes Born-rule probabilities for matchgate-plus-controlled-phase chemistry circuits and uses them to improve sample-based quantum diagonalization.

  6. Emergence of Generic Entanglement Structure in Doped Matchgate Circuits

    quant-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Non-Gaussian doping of matchgate circuits restores generic entanglement growth in unitary evolution and, at extensive per-time injection rates, stabilizes a volume-law phase under measurements.

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