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arxiv: 1906.11157 · v1 · pith:4APVRPWFnew · submitted 2019-06-26 · 💻 cs.SE

Toward Maximum Grip Process Modeling in Software Engineering

Sabah Al-Fedaghi This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-25 15:12 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 💻 cs.SE
keywords process modelingThinging Machinemaximum gripsoftware engineeringobject-oriented methodologysystem modelinggranularity
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The pith

The Thinging Machine with maximum grip granularity improves process modeling and object-oriented understanding in software engineering.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper proposes that process modeling in software engineering gains from the Thinging Machine, an abstract mechanism through which things reveal their significance in a system. It examines a grand version of this machine that covers the full set of entities and introduces maximum grip as the granularity level that gives the clearest view of a model's meaning. This setup is presented as advancing past the object as the sole central concept in object-oriented methods. The work claims this leads to better results in modeling and opens the door to an entirely new process modeling approach.

Core claim

The Thinging Machine serves as the mechanism by which things reveal themselves, and a grand TM signifies the totality of entities in the modeled system; applying maximum grip as the level of granularity where optimum visibility of the model's meaning occurs indicates positive improvement in process modeling, enhances understanding of the object-oriented approach, and presents the possibility of developing a new method in PM.

What carries the argument

The Thinging Machine (TM), an abstract machine that serves as the mechanism by which things reveal themselves, combined with the maximum grip concept that sets the granularity level for optimum visibility of model meaning.

If this is right

  • Process models gain optimum visibility of their meaning through the chosen granularity.
  • Understanding of the object-oriented approach is enhanced by the thinging perspective.
  • A new method in process modeling becomes possible based on the grand TM and maximum grip.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • This framing could shift analysis practice from starting with objects to starting with things that reveal themselves across the whole system.
  • It might support handling of highly interconnected systems by first modeling the grand TM before drilling to maximum grip details.
  • Practical tools could embed the TM structure to automatically suggest granularity adjustments during modeling sessions.

Load-bearing premise

That applying the Thinging Machine and the maximum grip granularity concept will produce measurable positive improvement and enhanced understanding in process modeling.

What would settle it

A controlled comparison in which teams build equivalent process models of the same software system using the Thinging Machine at maximum grip versus standard object-oriented notation, then measure differences in model comprehension accuracy and time required for reviewers to identify key flows.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 1906.11157 by Sabah Al-Fedaghi.

Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: The world of things. Thing Thing [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: The class Person (adapted from [62]) [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: shows the corresponding TM model. A person is four (sub)TMs: (i) The person him/herself TM (circle 1), (ii) Work TM (2), (iii) Eat TM (3), and (iv) Name TM (4). The whole diagram is a machine called the grand machine (GM). Additionally, the behavior of this machine is modeled in terms of events. Events are things that can be created, processed, received, released, and transferred. As an example, [PITH_FUL… view at source ↗
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: shows the event A person goes to work, which is a machine that includes (i) The submachine of location of the event (subdiagram of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_6.png] view at source ↗
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: The TM description of the example. Process Work Receive Person Transfer String Name Eat Transfer Receive Process Food Receive Transfer Release Create Him/herself E1: A person appears in the system E2: A person goes to work Transfer E4: A person’s E3: A person eats name is given [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_7.png] view at source ↗
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: Chronology of events [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_8.png] view at source ↗
Figure 10
Figure 10. Figure 10: The GM as a self-monitoring system [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_10.png] view at source ↗
Figure 14
Figure 14. Figure 14: (a) The chronology of events in the TM model of the hammering; (b) Event timing. E1 E2 E3 E4 (a) E1 E2 E3 E4 E2 E3 E4 E4 E5 (b) [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_14.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

Process modeling (PM) in software engineering involves a specific way of understanding the world. In this context, philosophical work is not merely intrinsically important; it can also stand up to some of the more established software engineering research metrics. The object-oriented methodology takes an object as the central concept of modeling. This paper follows from a series of papers that focus on the notion of thinging in the context of the analysis phase of software system modeling. We use an abstract machine named the Thinging Machine (TM) as the mechanism by which things reveal themselves. We introduce a more in-depth investigation of a grand TM that Signifies the totality of entities in the modeled system. We also present new notions, such as maximum grip, which refers to the level of granularity of the significance where optimum visibility of the model s meaning is given. The outcomes of this research indicate a positive improvement in the field of PM that may lead to enhance understanding of the object-oriented approach. TM also presents the possibility of developing a new method in PM.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 0 minor

Summary. The manuscript introduces the Thinging Machine (TM) as an abstract machine for revealing things during the analysis phase of software system modeling. It defines a grand TM as the totality of entities in the modeled system and introduces the notion of maximum grip as the granularity level providing optimum visibility of model meaning. The paper asserts that these concepts yield a positive improvement in process modeling (PM) and may enhance understanding of the object-oriented approach, while also presenting the possibility of developing a new PM method.

Significance. If supported by evidence, the TM framework and maximum-grip granularity could supply a distinct philosophical lens on process modeling that privileges thinging over objects. In its current form, however, the work offers only definitional exposition without evaluation, metrics, or comparison, so its significance for software engineering remains limited.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: The assertion that 'the outcomes of this research indicate a positive improvement in the field of PM' is unsupported; the manuscript supplies no case study, quantitative metric, error analysis, or comparison against existing OO process-modeling techniques.
  2. [Abstract] Abstract: The claim that TM 'presents the possibility of developing a new method in PM' is a forward-looking assertion without any derivation, prototype, or falsifiable prediction demonstrating advantage over established methods.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the comments. We address each major comment point by point below.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: The assertion that 'the outcomes of this research indicate a positive improvement in the field of PM' is unsupported; the manuscript supplies no case study, quantitative metric, error analysis, or comparison against existing OO process-modeling techniques.

    Authors: We agree that the manuscript is a conceptual introduction of the Thinging Machine and maximum-grip notions and contains no empirical evaluation, case studies, metrics, or comparisons with existing techniques. The abstract claim of positive improvement is therefore unsupported by evidence presented in the work. We will revise the abstract to remove this assertion. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: The claim that TM 'presents the possibility of developing a new method in PM' is a forward-looking assertion without any derivation, prototype, or falsifiable prediction demonstrating advantage over established methods.

    Authors: The manuscript introduces TM and maximum grip as conceptual tools that could inform future method development but supplies no derivation, prototype, or comparative analysis. The phrasing in the abstract is therefore a forward-looking statement without supporting demonstration in the current paper. We will revise the abstract to present this strictly as a suggested direction for future research. revision: yes

Circularity Check

1 steps flagged

Central claim of 'positive improvement' in PM is self-referential to the paper's own introduced concepts (TM, maximum grip) with no external benchmark or demonstration

specific steps
  1. self definitional [Abstract]
    "The outcomes of this research indicate a positive improvement in the field of PM that may lead to enhance understanding of the object-oriented approach. TM also presents the possibility of developing a new method in PM."

    The 'outcomes' and claimed 'positive improvement' are equated with the paper's introduction of TM and maximum grip concepts; the asserted gain is therefore identical to the definitional presentation of those concepts, with no separate derivation or external validation.

full rationale

The paper asserts that its outcomes indicate positive improvement and the possibility of a new PM method, but these outcomes consist solely of the definitional introduction of the Thinging Machine, grand TM, and maximum grip granularity. No independent evaluation, comparison to OO approaches, metric, or falsifiable prediction is supplied; the improvement claim therefore reduces directly to the act of presenting the new concepts themselves.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 1 axioms · 3 invented entities

The central claim rests on several newly introduced conceptual entities and domain assumptions that receive no independent evidence or prior validation in the abstract.

axioms (1)
  • domain assumption Philosophical notions such as thinging can stand up to established software engineering research metrics in process modeling.
    Invoked to justify the value of the TM approach over conventional methods.
invented entities (3)
  • Thinging Machine (TM) no independent evidence
    purpose: Abstract machine by which things reveal themselves during modeling
    Central mechanism for the analysis phase of software system modeling.
  • maximum grip no independent evidence
    purpose: Level of granularity that supplies optimum visibility of model meaning
    New notion introduced to define significance in the model.
  • grand TM no independent evidence
    purpose: Represents the totality of entities in the modeled system
    Extension of the TM concept to the full system scope.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5695 in / 1343 out tokens · 30672 ms · 2026-05-25T15:12:56.681962+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

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Reference graph

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